Show 7 roff r ors ev rea rn ain VIVO NA li 41 1 11 va aim 4 0 a X 1 1 I 1 1 13 6 Z Z 5 4 7 M g ta K T t 4 7 7 1 am I 1 R 0 7 M Z PP Z 4 JI kle k le T 4 X zjr in x MR 7 pha ph a by lakee 0 ct ar Zor rW af 4 by ELMO SCOTT WATSON hue jie iron horsell horse Is years old ou on august 8 9 and 10 the citizens i of Ilo pa will observe ve its birthday with a celebia celebration tio a commemorating mem orating the first successful operation of a strain steam driven loc locomotive 0 mo tive on the western hemisphere the bocol locomotive otlee was tile the stour bri bridge d g 6 lion it was built la in england and 1 to this country 1 in february 1820 1829 BS as the property of the delaware hudson canal company and on august 8 it was wag put into operation on a throe three mile stretch of track near the scene of the companas comp anys operations at Ho llo the first trial run of the locomotive demon demoa conclusively that steam transportation was practical and that the lion would operate but ohla of the company found that the wooden kulii covered with a thin strip of iron could not stand heavy duty and the lion w was s nevar used for practical work but even though the lion W was as not kept in service to its trial trip belongs the honor of being the first time a practicable locomotive ran upon a permanent railroad track trach in america and t to 0 horatio alien AINA who operated it goes the distinction lon of being the first american locomotive engineer so at the honesdale Ho celebration a monument to td the locomotive will be dedicated and a transportation parade depleting depicting all modes of travel from oxcart to airplane will be held the development of railroads in the united states la Is another story of american magic T troth rom those three miles of f track near llo ha baa s grown a network of nearly miles of steel rails which penetrate to every part of the country the progeny of this first iron horse borso po pow number more than whereas their ancestor weighed eil only 8 13 tons and puffed along at the tha late rate of three or four our miles au an hour some of these colts fire are giants weighing more than SOO tons an and d they doai roar across the country at tile the rate of 80 miles an hoaf hour A century la Is al a comparatively short time in n the history of a nation yet yei the years of railroad history in the united states has seen such changes as to make inake its story sound like a tale froni from the arabian nights to appreciate fully ita marvels we enst turn to the early days of rail railroading and in the volume the of commerce in the pageant of america series p published ubil shed by the yale university press one may read the following interesting account of the iron horses beginnings for fifty years yearn after W watt tt gave eava the world his team engine in 1773 otter other inventors toyed with the idea of at makina a steam engine move mova itself among americans americana who experimented with steam road wagons or steam locomotives were oliver avans benjamin dearborn and john stevens many british inventors richard Troyl thIck also e experimented with the problem in altheir nil their machines was wa that they could not produce team steam as a rapidly as they used it nor did their engines havo enough power to move quickly or to pull more thin than their own weight in 1829 the progress of british Invent invention ingentio io n fl fled ed a competitive trial held heia by the liver liverpool pool Blan manchester chester railway allway It at tills this test the rocket an engi engine no invented by georee George and robert stephen son aon father and son bon was wag the victor the rocket combined two features which enabled it to elemi I 1 nate nat the faults of its predecessors and it had haa a tubular boiler and a forced draft steph boiler exposed the maximum of heating ou surface to the burning fuel el and the forced dratt draft occasioned by turning the exhaust steam atea from the cylinders into the stack tanned fanned a fire herce enough to produce ettaro asta than etwas used thus thug although step heason alone la Is not to be credited with th the invention of the locomotive he was van re spon ibl forth a cabe tion of known pr I 1 n c 1 pit by which for the arst time the ma machine I 1 I 1 i I 1 n a d e a ired by other inventors van fas obtained consequently his tarn la Is deserved with the winning ot of tha the lf v erac I 1 A i ma nc I 1 elfter railway prized ot at BOB pounds steph enson be became carne and for or the rest of his hl lift life renia remained ined the most moat successful locomotive builder n great britain DO coln and all europe oar interest in this english inventor Invent oi ol UPS ilea la in the the above photograph shows C A lehman te hman a teacher in the long beach calif schools and the marvelous collection of locomotive models he has made starting with the model modal of tom thumb of 1828 used by th he baltimore ohio the models are as aa follows do de watt clinton built forthe for the mohawk hudson in 1831 pioneer first engine used by the chicago northwestern in typical locomotive of 1850 falcon central pacific engine which met the union pacific no in utah in 1863 1869 fast passenger type of 1830 1880 passenger pae cenger type of 1895 atlantic type used by the pennsylvania alln in 1505 1905 heavy pacific type of 1910 mallet compound locomotive of 1918 and the latest three t aee cylinder passenger union pacific which has a speed of 80 miles an hour fact that it was an english made locomotive rather than an american product which made the historic run whose centennial Is being celebrated in pennsylvania this year the pageant narrative continues anglish engines came to america through the action ot of the proprietors of the carbondale rail road the coal tramway of the Ie delaware laware hudson annal canal company through thelic thel civil engineer liar horatio at lo 10 allen alien whom they pent to england En cland their ordered three locomotives one of them with riveted flues of 0 large size from voster roster and company of Stour stourbridge bridge 1 and t nd the other two with dubu tubular astle ar boilers from stephenson Stephe e neon ngon and company of necca newcastle on tym the tha Stour stourbridge bridge lion wax wan operated at Ho by horatio allen alien on august 0 9 1329 the locomotive proved so BO heavy 8 tons that it was wae pronounced unsafe on the rail frail bridge and trestles of the carbondale railroad and was wag discarded this trial however was the erst time a practicable loco locomotive mothe ran upon a permanent railroad track in america an and alien dAllen although it wits was the only time he ever ran an engine ban the distinction of being the first american loco locomotive engineer the S engine received its name from a paint g of a lions head bead on the front of the engines boiler the lion stored in a shed by the carbondale railroad was picked to pieces by souvenir hunters and what wax wan too heavy to carry away was eventually sold by the railroad for old iron later the historical value of df this engine caused a search for its parts some being recovered the two engines built by b stephenson and d company arrived somewhat later the they were stored in an iron warehouse in now new york city e exhibited occasionally ilon lly but never used these in engines were similar to the stephenson rocket hocket and if they had been given I 1 a trial at once they would have had the historical orical place now assigned to the rocket itself itsel f for the latter did not make its famous trip until october 14 1821 1829 the first railroad in Arn america eries with a definite aim of carrying pash passengers engers and freight was the baltimore onto olito tt it was chartered in 1827 and the laying of 0 the rails began on july 4 1328 charier carroll the only living signor signer of the declaration of independence lifting the first chov alful of earth the first section of 13 miles from Dalt baltimore Imore to ia mills billie was wag opened in may 1810 1830 the promoters experimented with various marts of I 1 power one was a flat car fitted with a treadmill operated by a horse upon its trial trip this contrivance was upset by a stray cow on the tracks and th the device edevice was condemned another r experiment peri ment was made with a the meteor a sailboat aall boat on wheels peter cooper was the next inventor to otter offer ideas idea to the baltimore ohio railroad he gaii wa in flu flueT e iced in part b by y the tha fact that he owned some me land value of which would be enhanced if this thin railroad proved a success cooper uin a tiny steam tea m locomotive with a boiler about the size of tho those s e that now stand by the kit kitchen chen stove and with flu fluda s constructed with sun gun barrels parts were proportionately small and crude this engine was called the torn tom thumb with it cooper made a few trial runs upon the partially finished railroad in 1830 with the data secured irom from his small model cooper reconstructed the toni tom thumb and operated it again on august 28 1 1830 over the tha full 13 miles of the road attaining a speed of four miles an hour bout pushing a car with 24 2 passengers A few days dayi later there was a enal challenge lenue race between the torn tom thumb and nd an horse drawn car over the th double track from rom ellef oils alilis to baltimore the gray eray hirse led at tile the start but the locomotive causly UP with it and passed paired it then a belt alli slipped ped and the horse reached baltimore first during tho the following year ear horses served as a motive power on tho the baltimore Dalt imore A ohio although we the gray horse hart had def defeated tom thumb the 13 baltimore altImore ft ohio officials believed believe that tiie the steam locomotive wax wa worth further trial accordingly they offered a prize ot of for or the best engine which should be delivered to ahm them for trial by june 1 1831 and derize a prize of for the second best engine the winner of the competition xv was s a a watchmaker named phyneas avvis of york vor k pa lie called his loco moth e the york but the ty 0 men bec because aitse of its appearance called ll it the aw an 4 other en engine ine which davis built tor for the baltimore ohio similar to the york wag ivas called the traveller anait and it has the distinction ot of being the first used for freight service among the other historical firsts should be listed the charleston 11 hamburg amburg railroad chartered by south carolina in 1829 1820 which from its beginning was planned for the use of steam power so to it rather than to the Bilt baltimore imore ohio goes goe the honor of being the first railroad in america constructed constricted for hieam in 1830 this railroad contracted wl ith th the west loli foundry of new york city for a steam locomotive capable of making the astonishing speed ot 10 miles an hour this en engine gine was called al a first the best friend of charleston but it if mhd was usually refe referred red to more molly briefly as the best friend it if ha had d its first trial afif n 1 november 1830 and promptly ran off on the track after some changes had been made mad it proved able to make 30 mites fin an hour without a load and 21 miles an hour when pulling four loaded passenger cars it was put pue into in january 1831 and in tune june of that year it figured in the first loco 0 mothe accident iq q am america etca its fireman fareman was a negro who did not like ilke the sound pounds of steam escaping from the safety valve so he sat on an the valve whereupon the boiler promptly blew up breal rink the negros thigh and tea teach lna him some things that he had never before sus susi i peeled about ilie ho power of steam to av avoid olo a recurrence of such accidents accident althe the charleston iino burg railroad when it put its second locomotive the west point into service il placed deed between the loc locomotive and the passenger coaches acar a car piled with cotton bales balei and another onu pled by a negro brass band the theory ra way that the music would tend to divert the passengers rigers minds froni from the possibility of pa en explosion and if an did occur thi the cotton bales and the degroes negroes would get the benefit of the blast the next famous iron horse to mao make its ita appearance peart pe arance meo la Is described in the pageant narrative as follows under a charter grant edby by the now new york fegin lature in UW 1824 the tha Moba wic hodson audion railroad company built in 1831 its or original sInal line linet from albany to schenectady a distance of about IT 17 miles the tha primary link in the present now new york C contral n tr L I 1 system the road was wag at first opera operated te d w with it h horse drawn cars car but the success of the southern railroad with locomotives led to the ordering from the tha point foundry in ih aarl 1811 of a loco motive to which was wan g given ve the name ot of the do D witt clinton the drat public trial of 0 the engine pulling a train of cars cara wax wai on august 9 1831 the engine employed wood fuel uel and the tha passengers were showered with parka from the stack so BO that some om had their heir clothing burned in spots while others put up umbrellas to ward oft 01 the lh faery rain the care car were coupled with heavy chalca about three feet long and when they started arid stopp shopped e dp the were clerked olt off their neata 01 a 0 t the h 4 chains slack black wan taken up lip or the cars crash crashed t ato to gather the tha passengers themselves cut fence ratio rall and wedged them between the cars cari to red reduce uce th the hazards of the journey the baltimore ohio the charleston hamburg and the mohawk hudson were the leaders in experimental railroad co construction the practicability of the new forn form of p trap transportation avo lion needed no further proof to encourage a number ot of other rail railroad rond projects and as soon as an small eat link was wa ready for trarlu tt it was open to the public thus thu by 1835 people and goods were amov ienir by rall rail over the completed portions of the now new york harlem railroad to in now naw york the carn cam don den amboy railroad in new joisey jety the phill phil adelphia adelph la A norristown Norr latown rall railway way the columbia railroad the philadelphia ton baltimore railroad and the reading railroad in pennsylvania in now new england by that ume time thred radiated from dospod Llos lort one north to lowell one went weal to worcester and one south to providence in the same game year the original railroad the baltimore ohio with about ak H miles of t ach carried about pas passengers mengers ny 1233 1835 tits the eim railroad was an accepted fact act t to the tha united states state |