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Show NO FLIES, NO TYPHOID, complacently as n buzzing nuisance, an nuuoyauco and ovor-famlllar pest; but lu the light of recent kuowlodgo it U safe to say tint It Ib the moaua of spreading moro disease and causing caus-ing more deaths than any other moving mov-ing thing on earth. Files, aa carriers of disouso. havo bson giveu moro or lets uttentlou by saultariums bIoco 1895; but It la only on-ly within tho last two or three yoara that oxtonalve atudioa havo boon car ried out One of tho first to suggest that the transmission of. typhoid fov er aa In many oases due to tho bouse fly was Dr. Goo. M. Kober of Washington, Wash-ington, D. 0., a member of tho district dis-trict health board. Dra Reed, Vaughn and Shakespeare In their re port on the "Origin aud spread of typhoid ty-phoid fovor through the U.S. Military Mili-tary campy during tbo Spanish-American war 1880" shows that erory regiment reg-iment of tbo 1st ,2nd, 3rd, 4th, Gtb, and 7th army oorps of regulars, developed de-veloped typhoid fever nnd 00 porcent of tbo volunteer regiments developed it within oight woeks of going Into enrco. it further shows tbut infected infect-ed (Ilea not lufeoted wntur were the mennu of transmission. ProDtr screening was tho only thing wblcb put a stop to tho rapid spread of this dreaded disease. But most of tbo faots have beou correlated, from which prnotlool conclusions might bo drawn, by tho MerabantB Association of New York through its Water Pol lutlon aommltteo appointed in 1007. They tiuvo thown us conclusively that tho well recognized riso of typhoid fever in tbo fall, which has givou it tho nnmo of "autumnal fever," bb well aa tho encrmoua summer dentb rate of children from diarrhonel dia-eauos dia-eauos aro due, chiefly at loast, to tho eiBH9ettjUquuerfiy0uiUiaUat-tii,titne. of tho year swarms about tho refuso and the food of human beings. Tbo riro of typhoid year after year corresponds to tho eeasonul rico nnd fnll of the provalonce of houso flies. A careful study and oaunt from fly capos distributed in different parts of Now York City showed that the activity uf tbla insect during tbo hot summer weeks corresponded ox-uctly ox-uctly to the timo when nu abnormal number of typhoid and dlarrbooul diseases are contracted. Tho riso of tho death roto from tbeco diseases is cf couree scmowhat Intor than tho contraction of them Several thou-pnnd thou-pnnd children die each year in Now York Olty from intestinal troubleo. According to our befit authorities, tho extermination of this potent disease carrier, tho fir, would reduce tbla iiumbyr to nt lea t 2,000 who might ho infected by direct contact, nnd in other Aya Including imported diseases, dis-eases, thtiR saving iu this ono huge city 0,000 livoa each year and at leait GO. 000 coses of nou-fntai blok neBi. What then might bs hopod for iu the mnttor of typhoid fever, tuhor-aulosis, tuhor-aulosis, asiatia cholera, some eyo dia eases and porhnps othor troubles not yet ascribed to but nevertheless distributed dis-tributed by this dispcuEcr nf filth, swarm log with bacteria. A fe words now from tho standpoint stand-point of tho outomologiBt. PI lap, of whioh thore nro several varieties nnd sizes, aro found all ovor tho known world Tbo sizo does cot depend on the ago, aa they are hutched ful) grown, nt least thoro is no growth uf tor tbo wings aro attaiuod. Tbo rgs's of tho fly, and iu each batch luid thero are from 125 to 150, aro loug white sogmented bodies. As a rule the eggs ara laid iu manure the horee stable being responsible for 80 to 00 per cont of onr flies. In about ten hours they hatch nnd tho resulticg larva or magaot lives four or five days casting its skin twico during this time. Jt finally becomes dark and hardened, tbo eo called puparium. In this pupa stago it remains four or live days more, at the end of tbla tlrao'the adult fly breaks its way through the interior eud of the puparium and emerges from ita bed of 111th to visit somo nearby nan try. Among the breeding placea of flies may also bo mentioned wasto vegetables, vegeta-bles, old wet rsga and paper, garbage oans, wet otraw, old bed ticks aud other UBtnentlouablo filth. Doea it not occur to you that Id order to ov ercome the fly menaoe we must got rid of these breeding places or screen them agalust flies? Note that It takes ouly teu dayafor tho production of a swarm of flies, so that about 13 generations aro born enoh sum in or (tho proverbially unlucky un-lucky 13.) In ono pound of horso monuro, by actual oount, wcro found 1,200 opgi, larrao and pupne. Typhoid fover alone costs the United Unit-ed Status 8350,000,000 annually. Tbo enormous expense, Loth of lives and money, from diarrhoea! diseases Is uuoountable, and just here It may bo remarked that tho greater susceptibility suscep-tibility among bottle fed babiea over those who are fortunate enough to bo nursed, li chiefly due to tho fact that the food nf the latter Ih hut contaminated contami-nated by files before, being dispensed to them. If a small part of this motley motl-ey were used for tho exIermlBBtlou cf the pott in question th expenditure of most of the rest would teoomo unnecessary. un-necessary. It Is possible for small communities communi-ties who will carry on this crusade to beoomo maothally free ftom files, for tbey ns a rule remain very near their hutching planes; their lifo jocrneyB boiog expressed in rods, not miles. 1 iiBntl you now a pioture token lu Pittsburg, but wbioh might be duplicated dupli-cated lu hundreds of othor cities, showing n box privy within n few feet of tho dining rocm door cf n teuu mont houso. Suoh a condition makes the pollution of food absolutely unavoidable un-avoidable Thoso pictured ignorant (llth-lnvltors wore not, thank goodness, good-ness, American born. If It had boon so or footings of patriotism would oertalnly havo been stunued by the contemplation. And yet we suffer greatly from conditions which, if uot so startling, aro at least of the pnino varloty, Two cases hnvo nomo under my notice in Prnvo, cno of typhoid fever and one of ileo-oolltls, .which I baliovo to to duo to the pollution of food Btnff by flloa. boon proven, how shall the.rbo remedied? reme-died? That to ub Is a most vital question. Let me In brief glvo you a few rules suoh aa hnvo been adopted by some of tho health boards throughout through-out tbo United States. 1. Keop tho flies away from tbo slok, especially thoso ill of contagious conta-gious dlsouees. Kill ovory fly that strays Into tbo slok room, his body is covered with dlseaso germs. One noted fly, who might woll bo proud of tbo record from a fly standpoint, was found to harbor upon bis body 0,000,000 baotoria of different varieties var-ieties Bomo pntbogonlo, some enpo-pltvia; enpo-pltvia; cud 11 tiles examined gavo 1,222,570 bunteria oaob. 2. Do not allow deanying materials mater-ials of ouy sort to nouumulato on or near yuur premises, 3. All rofuso which iu nuy way tonds to fermentntion such as bedding bed-ding straw, papor wruilo, aud vegetn ble matter, should bo disposed of, binned or covered with 11 mo, much dry dirt cr kerosene oil. 1. Screen all food, whether in the houso or oxpoeud for milo iu public markets. Wo should havo a law suoh us that of Now Jersey uud Kane is compelling lhlrf. 5. Keep nil receptacles for garbage gar-bage or Bwiil carefully onvercd, Olocu them occasionally or spray with oil or lime G Keep all stablo maunro in n closed vault or pit and havo It hauled away frequently, when tho pits art to bo sprinkled with lime, oil, cr dry dirt 7. Seo that your coworago system Ib iu good condition and not exposed to flies. 8 Pour korosono oil into tho drains. 0 Screen all windows nnd doors, especially in tho kituhen. Duntry aud dining rocm. If you seo files you mny to suro their breeding placo Is In nearby rubbish or filth. 10. One of tho best things to keep flics out of tbo house Is formaldehyde. formal-dehyde. Piece it, diluted two teaspocnfuls to the pint of wnter, in saucers und put around in the house, It la very cheap and very eflioBolous. It has in thia delutlon no offensive smell, Ib fatal tn disease germs, and is practically practic-ally non-poisonous except to inseots. Or bum pyretbrum powder in tho house. It will kill most of the flies, and those it does not kill will fall Btunned, whou thoy may be nwopt up nud burned. Tho Rovorument ofll-oIbIb ofll-oIbIb recommond this method. Sticky fly pnpera aro a sooondnry palliative 11. Quickly cover op food nftor a monl and bury, buru, or othorwiso properly diBposo of the table refuse. 12. As In mcBt mutters of snultii tlon nnd hygiono, CLEANLINESS Is tho watch word. CLEANLINESS about your house and proporty will provent flics broo-J' iog. NO FILTH, NO FLES. |