Show STORY n y OF YEAR MARKED AT i I 1 BY 0 DV I 1 sensational EVENTS EVE N TS I 1 4 11 most momentous twelve months of modern times 1 reviewed a great european war mexican r troubles and other world happenings h the year of our lord IBM 1914 ie to unique does not fall tall into the procession slon of the 1 ta lore tam with the accustomed owing that aich hae has transformed trani formed t into A horror without precedent in breath and ahr in 1 which Is devastating the lil world and fixing its sinister ain liter impress on n the new now 11 f it came swiftly and with a iash on july 23 the austro hungarland government emment or bent ent an ultimatum to bervia servia I 1 Ite leman manding dInK the of the per oos concerned in the assassination of I 1 04 archduke franiz ferdinand inand and if fr stint tint of all anti austrian propaganda rop aranda in that country and hiving 0 hours tor for consideration the hilgrade Hol lial grade government agreed to the Aust austrian flan de do und inand with a kine or that which rould have empowered austrian officials cIali jd to take a leading part in the punishment of t the murderers and asked for further information on thie this point tha th reply WM was not satisfactory to aua fla RL slie promptly declared war on ber bar fit six and began to move troops toward she bonier atie serbs active mob citation and remove removed their capital from Wd stAde to in the interior in 0 taatia the ey eyes of all the civilized world frere overe turned toward russia 4 the day after austria declared war 4 ton 90 bervil ta the russian minister of for or joltn affair affairs warned the german ambassador dor taftt if it bervia were invaded rue tfx io would we uld not bo be able to remain neutral tt britain proposed to germany trance france and italy that a council should so e to mediate between the two I 1 Cl germany ermany declined to become party to such an arrangement the czar tho the kalner to aspi us his hi influence with za A austrian emperor according to the german account the kaiser complied I 1 with ith this thin request to the beat best of hia abili ay y when he discovered covered die however ho that mobilization w was gains going on actively in Chus sla he wired the czar that hie his course rae wan making mediation impossible two day days later the kaiser proclaimed 41 martial law the country and ent sent A twenty four hour ultimatum to 4 the muscovite government demanding an kastant abandonment of all war w r P prep re at the expiration of X this ulal I 1 august 1 the kaiser gae the arder er for to begin 1 and on I 1 die he same day count von Pour talea the I 1 alerman ambs ador at st pt started hompA hom panL artl taco mobilization of the en on ire Ur french etsch army waa was begun martini martial taw aw wae was declared and august 4 tho german ian ambassador announced that the war between hie his country and france waa was on eastant had asked both arance and I 1 Der derbany many if it they would respect the neutrality 1 of belgium in case of war the former iad ad answered in the affirmative the ter made no direct reply and bel lan mobilization bacun at once it on august I 1 a german army marched tito into the grand duchy of Luxem luxemburg burL whose neutrality had been guaranteed by the powers in 1867 A day later the I 1 herman government sent a note to the 11 I 1 belgian algian 13 government covern ment demanding passage e L for german troops through the country and promising ample compensation tor for I 1 all damage at the close of tho the war this jonm in the form of an and specified twelve hours as a time limit rhe the reply wae was that geldum would defend her neutrality by force of arms if it were great britain declares war at thie this move of germany great brittin began beg an active mobilization of her forces and all the tits naval reserves were ta ikid out at once war against germany w dee declared lared on august 4 a war budget of e was voted and within a few flays aya british force of DO men had bad been en landed an ed in n france on n august 6 aus tria declared war on russia ind nd her troops troop i crossed the russian borter ir the montenegrins joined the 4 I 1 against austria and bosnia was invaded on august 10 the french covern government ment I 1 reclaimed war against austria and biao gays later gland followed her tier exam pla japan announced her tier intention to ide side with her ally I 1 ek scandinavia and holland asserted their neutrality but nit at once put all their mill IM tary resources cen into requisition tor for defense portugal wal announced her tier anten lion iton to fulwil ner treaty obligations with 1 great areat britain but she he did not become a twIll gerent at once spain bonin professed ab solute neutrality ui began immediate mobilization of ai eu s lier orani turkey declared for tic allty hut but triable mobilized azad her ber my adiv an began to rd advance yance toward bulgaria it at was waa not antl the last of octo bp ba that she made her initial demonstration in the black sva sea against affat net russia as aa urell well as the minor balkan batee was in A condition of armed expectancy pec tancy ae As for italy sworn ally of Gerr germany nany and austria in the so called I 1 dr OnU bund she took advantage of the fact that her tier partners part liers were not engaged in a 6 war to remain neutral despite pressure from berlin and vienna at tho the outbreak of hostilities a censorship which ie to the most effective ever known was eatable shed in all the warring countries aagut nil that was actually w dually rc reves vealo iod wa was that the laisers kaisers kai kal sers forces made their way through belgium with a tremendous loss of men and property ir rho the Bel frlan defenders ot of the little kingdom exhibiting a power ot of resistance and ol 01 stubbornness which amazed the world I 1 the inta in ta forts at vega halted the german 1 lentone lej tone for a week but tho the odds were too great by fly the end ot of august the terrible german gorman war iha machine chine had literally I 1 mowed its way through Bel belgium Delf flum glum and by 1 I september I 1 had reached a point within twenty ires of paris which was in ac 1 tte preparation for a siege 1 the seat of government was removed to 5 suddenly fud denly on 4 the german K army of the right turned eastward since that time the kaisers keisers kai sers forces have been retiring slowly with a persistency never before recorded in the lie history of modem war mobilization by the middles of 0 aucutt was practically completed and t the tho czars armies were in rapid advance toward the he german gorman and austrian fron clen great forcee opposed the slavic I 1 advance ad aaa ny eon contests tests 01 ol fol lowed in rapid until lal lats in the autumn the greatly outnumbered teutonic allied begun began to how show signs oc of declining offen offensive siva ability the japanese confined their military operations entirely to aa they immediately proceeded against the german orman forts at Klau chau china which were taken by hacault after ten ton weeks attack russian and turkish fleet fleets have been engaged n in the black sea there has been fighting on a mall small scale in egypt and the portuguese in africa have made several attack attacks upon german gorman colonists indian troops have been enraged with tur kleh force forces tn in an effort to keep the sues canal open from prom the drat there tua ties been A deadlock in the naval situation the arl ush fleet ailed sailed under sealed seated orders order sAu rust kust 4 and big naval battle in the worth sea waa confidently expected by the waiting world it con moon became apparent that great Brit alne akile purpose was to deal a fatal blow at german commerce safeguard afe guard that ot of belgium Bel gluna france and ita its own and render the euelyn ene niya fleet inoperative by holding it tn in the baltic A week later the port authorities of new now york were notified that the lints were unobstructed and a few day days afterward the pacific lines wore were pronounced open and safe 11 sixty british war bessels guarded thy the exit of the kiel canal and prevented the thirty german ge aman battleship battleships anchored there from coming out within a few day more than thirty of the great gern gerrian ian ocean linen liners were interned in neutral waters and a number of german gorman merchant ships were captured or destroyed st royed by ily the middle ot of november more than four our hundred war essen easels and merchant men on all bides sides had been captured or interned in neutral porta ports the emden emde n n the pacific and the karlsruhe in the south atlantic two german raiders preyed successfully upon allied wa na n a aral commerce until the former was put out of action during the past three month the germans have destroyed a number ot of british cruisers by mean means of torpedoes in an action on off the coast of chile i t squadron of five german war ships sank the monmouth and good hope rope with all on board on october 27 al though it was not known to the public for a fortnight afterward after vard the british super dreadnought audacious was tank sunk fly y a mine oft off the coast of ireland shortly afterward the british admiralty declared the north sea a closed military area on december 8 the german cruisers scharnhorst Scharn hont Gnel sau leipzig and under admiral von spec spee were unk sunk by a british squadron under vice admiral sir frederiek sturdee at off the falkland Is lanoe laimon rhe rho german cruiser dresden Dres aej ea s cirod aa badly damaged december 16 19 a german fleet bombarded bomba raed the English coast towns of hartlepool Hartle pool whitby and scarborough car killing and wounding zens and causing much property damage three british merchant vessels were unk sunk by mines laid by the bombarding fleet at the close of the year operation j jn the west seem practically at a stanl till december 17 the germans reported a victory in poland As a result of the imm di ie te paralysis in the financial world due to the sudden embroilment of the european nal callons na lons american americans abroad were subjected to great inconvenience and no a little actual hardship much bluch relief was afforded the belgian sufferers and large sums of 0 money for or the purpose were raised all over the country the red cross sent the relief ship red cross crow to european wafers waters with a full equipment ot of physicians nurses and supplies on september it 12 chaotic condition in mexico early in the year foreign nations began to be cil critical of the administrations hands oc mexican policy and to insist that the jo of pacifying mexico belonged logically to the united U states victoriano hurta had held the provisional pres preal lder det iy ay y for or a year at and nd boasted in his cups that he would hold hij his omoo longer than president Pre aldert vt wl son would remain lit 1 the white houze Mit awhile the benalt chief pancho villia was ate adil gaining ground in the north the fiercest tattle of the revolution which alch was fought or almost two weeks ended in victory for or i the rebel forces there vias nn appalling loss of life in this long continued fight and more than four thousand fugitives crossed the rio gratha and took refuse refuge in american territory here they were cared for by the united states authorities on february 3 president wilson revoked an order by his predecessor in office fice to put a EL stop to the shipment of arms and ammunition into I 1 mexico by citizens of the tha united states on april 14 president wilson instructed secretary to assemble an imposing naval force at tampico on the blex mexican ican coast this was die to the refusal of ane mexican nt and his military aids to acute the american flag as an fin essential feature of an apology for an unwarranted arrest and imprisonment ot of several american blue jackets who had landed on mexican Alex ican soil to obtain a supply of although the episode was the result of a misunderstanding tn in which all the th parties concerned shared about equally it was wax manifest that aluerta was in no mood to comply with any request 0 ot the washington authorities how however enver politely and even delicately ade he lie refused to order the blute and ito saval aval demonstration followed congress passed a resolution sustaining the president in the position which ha he had taken on april tl admiral alln aral I hatcher etcher seized the custom house it vera cruz i the mexicans blex leans rest stee the ot of the custom house and vie ti was as a fight in which IS 16 americans were killed and 71 wounded general maas ia in command of the garrison withdrew and left the americans in possession nelson the american rep was given his paso and 1 reque requester stee ro to leave the country bri dris gen geil Fr freerick jerick tru huntton Funt ton ot of the american forces at vera crux was wax ready to enter on r vigorous benoro hostilities were carried farther further the diplomatic at web ington of argentina mazil M C azil and chile mint in to the office ofte of the department of state a L formal tender of their services ne as mediators president wilson accepted the offer and both aluerta and 1 carranza carra axa ar accepted c the proffered the conference was held at niagara palls falls canada aad opened on may SO 20 on june 12 the 4 on ference bad agreed upon a plan accepted both by president wilson and huerta then a deadlock arose over the choice for prest dent the american delegates delg atee declined to accept the name of any let lat meanwhile th constitutionalists were making unmistakable advance toward the capital their success ran an pronounced ahr tabt 1 b it wax was evident they would oon moon be bo in control of the government on july I 1 tiie the conference camo to an end without definite result and four days later aluerta was reelected re elected president by b hia his partisans part leana on july 15 2 the dictator resigned the presidency and took passage for europe leaving 1 the executive authority in the hands of a prominent c francisco carbajal Carbo jal ahe I 1 he new now president and carranza ranza could not agree upon the surrender sur rendar of the rov to the victorious constitutional in tat arma irm and on august 10 carbajal resigned and the chamber of deputies dissolved five days later ister the constitutionalist urmy entered the city of medico opposition Venua venustiano carranza immediately took upon himself the domce of president although he soon announced his purpose of turning over the executive function to a provisional substitute and himself becoming a candidate on september a 23 villa declared war upon the provisional prudent president ta a coial held a meeting at mexico city ci nis octol r 4 and refused to accept their chletis resignation at a convention of the th arty held at aguas Cal lentes lenten on october 14 carranza again his resignation and a few days later villa promised to support a provisional prest president named by the convention at that gen eulalto gutierrez was appointed by the convention but Car carrante ranta xa refused to tor recognize him the new president appointed poin tedi villa commander in chief ot of the government forces and ordered him to proceed d at once against carranza As vill and his hit men reared the capital ca ana his soldiers withdrew vo klember Ol ember 23 the american forces were withdrawn from vera cruz and soon afterward carranza and his followers tt too posses possession lon of the seaport villa and united in support of the guff outten erre f Z interests and the prospect of peace in the immediate future Is far from encouraging on december 15 25 united states troops were sent to naco to atop continued firing hy by the mexican factions into united states terra territory tory she struggle between the combatant if n northern lit mexico exico continues unabated longest 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