Show I I I I SOME WATERMARKS Have Proved Pro ed of or Great Value In lit hum II lol ih m Watermarks have proved t I th h h. h for t Invaluable safeguarding a for forgery ery of banknotes bills bUls stamp stamps stamp t t though the difficulty In h N I Hi It Dank Bank of oC England In evolving a maik mamIr madi d. d i 1 I imitation was very cry gnat nal al anti and w WI iJ accomplished by the execution of I tt- 11 M- M genes s-eries Innumerable Many Man a will luas 1108 been set sel a asid ld owl u to lo false dales dates wi in watermarks for thanks thank to watermarks wo we arc under tinder no un on uni i c- c 1 res respecting tho ho date ate of oC thc tho t 1 tence of the tho paper Ireland s tt lc rai I l I Shakespearean forgeries erl were h ii how i iv v perpetrated with skilful recognition ul If I th h. h per watermark difficulty Driven to the production of 01 manuscripts manu mann nl- nl scripts he s sot set t to work ln liK ol 11 Ii l volumes for Cor their fly fy loaves leaves and h. h IH aim aim- ne that the Jig was the prevail prevalent nt WI t r- r Ji mark of or the tho reign t-eign of or Queen th h. h n ti h selected such as had th time tho JIg on i trig Ing careful to mingle with them a na it I m ii number of blank leaves In order that thaI th Ih production on a sudden of so 60 ma main maimy ny l 1 lii i n n. n watermarks might not arou arous' u I Two of or the earliest earlest watermarks wat t ini- ini fn on of or a a circle surmounted bv by b ba a e is- is el signifying signifying- the cross planted on earth Ir I a ai I d dan an open hand hanl surmounted by a i t star ta n t r cross representing the tilt pastoral Ian ii ol ton lion of at a a priest Post paper paler ink it- it I. I lon name from the post horn was In use us as early as 1370 1570 It U om- om iun appears on a shield lc and In hi h s. s II ii- ii I- I century it Is hI surmount I I l l ly lr a areal areal real coronet In which it I N Is v still tl met with on our ordinary n note te P pi hair r Pr r The Time watermark of ot lem i lop a a i h 11 ins s over been the tho fleur de t th h i i nil u o er cognizance of or the I louse of 1 l who were patrons patron of ot ot au i Ii- Ii i- i In n course coure ot tn time tin timi manuli- manuli ture tire of paper centered became In th iii I Lw Countries and the the eln neo ui II th Dutch paper Its It I and hua im have never been excelled Th Tim i'm i I i manufactured In th the iho Dutch mb ti h hia hi t. t a n great greal variety of 01 wr watermarks anti and man muri t n of Or them Were ere the of th tIm in ii families who hu hud had founded mill mil N n where Thus the P P. and Y Yo V. sam som- tim lI f separate and sometimes conjoin J 1 o tp in jr inthe th the Initials of ot the tho GOOd Goo I Burgundy 1119 to 1167 16 and Y-anella Y his wife I S The Tho ox's head was another ant an nt v vH iii- H- H I I I I on which Caxton and I Val au t I printed some seine t their books but hut axt n I used a watermark In the form of l thi h l I Kt t ter P for Cor the Game and und Ila Plays a of t ti II I Cheese first printed In 1474 1414 17 The first edi edition on of ot Shakespeare print 1 i iby I b by Isaac Iaac Jaggard Jaggar and Edward Bount in II ii IG 1623 wi will N however be found to bt bl moton mo mostly t ty on paper bearing 0 cap a-cap cap Ik like Ilk u a I Jocko 1 as a watermark and the tho tie general u use c oi it I lh the term cap to various modern Ca Capers ittu- ittu pers owes It t to marks of this kind The first English paper makes was Joh who founded a mill mi at Hertford HeTt- HeTt Hert ford at th thin the close cose of ot the nf fifteenth nth c century Tate Talc made malc a fine thin paper having for tor fora tora a watermark an eight pointed star stor within with with- wih- wih in In- a 0 double circle cirle While con coarse 6 taper paper S 'S made mado malc by Sir William Spellman Spelman a aGerman Sas German at Dartford In In JS and and here tho ho first English paper mills on a large scale were erected Till Tl 1590 16 however when William Imam III II pase passed an act to encourage encourage en en- courage the lie te home manufacture of white vat paper r. r all al the best bett p paper for tor writing and ad printing 1 was wan wal Imported from Holland and FrancA France Franc A story goes Ioel that lint the tho most curious of ofal alt all al watermarks a n foils foil's tol's cap CAS which Is In de derived a rived from tho the Italian foglio a folio folo sized Izet Idu sheet et was ordered b the Rump Parliament Parlament to be substituted for forthe the tho royal arms arma In the paper used for tor the journals journal of ot the house of commons As s a R mutter matter of ot fact tact no pamer so marked marke found Its It way Into England before before be be- b fore 1659 16 and the tue story probably owes owea HH Its iK origin to the topical allusions which the Royalists contrived te td perpetuate In Inthe Inthe inthe the case esse of pas papers introduced from Holland Hol land during the time region regime For example In 1 Wi 9 a l ige hat to denote the broad brimmed beaver worn by the Puritans In Iii 1661 1651 four crowns and In iti t 1857 17 I a a. a regal crown crown ll symbols crown all likely to be obnoxious to the ruling powers were powers were exhibited ex ex- 1 on mn many pages London London Globe |