Show f Li I Sky Scrapers Can Be Two Tw Thousand housan Feet High I f How much further may tho craze c for tor gigantic antie towers 1 bo be e carried carriel JB there an any limitation ph 1 or oth that will ultimately l call eRn a a. halt The Tho Singer er bUll building lu In New Now York rises 61 feet ct above the tho sl sidewalk tb the lantern of or the tho Metropolitan Life tower towe Is 15 feet above c tho samo level leyel au and recently plans were for a t tower towe building building- to bo ho erected b by the blo Lifo Life company at Pino Pine street and Broadway to bo ho O feet teet high o or about 00 oo feet higher than tho the Singer cr building We Yo aro told b by the Scientific American Now York YO Jul July 25 that thai tho the height limit is fixed not flot so much b by tho the weakness s of or tho thu structure or oi by tho the surface offered to wind Iu pres pres- sure aure a as ts by tho cru crushing weight on m n tho the foundations S Says s 's the paper named above ovo Under existing conditions the ulti mato mate limit of hel height ht is determined by a a. certain clause clauc in tho the present build build- ing code codo of tho the city of or Now York which says that th the tho maximum pres- pres uro auro under tho the footings s on oil a roc rock bor bOI- tom torn If caisson foundations aro are used is 19 not to exceed 1 lEi tons per square e fot foot That Is to soy say If It the tho architect and builder and tho the owner See sec fit to do so the they may nay keep piling story upon story until tho the pressure upon I tho tio rock underlying In the foundations has reached a maximum of oC Iii 1 tons to tho square foot toot On the tho authority of or O. O F F. who ho Is responsible for the cn engineering engineer engineer- InS ing features of or the Singer tower the tho writer asserts that a n structure of I storie 2000 feet teet high could 1 bo be 0 built upon an area OO feet teet square without exceed exceeding InS the building code codo limit of I foundation pre pressure IIo He goes goc on Oil to tosa sa say The walls of or the building would bo be i 1 12 Inches thick at the tho top and antI lit Inches or almost 1 12 feet thick at tho 1 bottom ottom Assuming two-thirds two of oC th the wall vali surface acc for windows these thies walls would weigh welsh if It built of ot 1 brick tons and assuming the dead weight of the tho floors an and other interior construction con con- at 30 SO pounds p pot pot- t square foot oll ollof of floor area aren the weight of that part of tho building would ho bo about 21 I- COO 00 tons tolls The Tho Jive Jho Moor load t to 1 be e transmitted to the foundations ac tc- according cording to tim tho requirements of the building code would bo ho 1 0 tons Adding these Items Hems wo get a total I weight of tons This distributed dis over tho the area of 40 I feet available for footings would result in a pressure of or 13 tons lons per por square foot The Tue allowance for or Increase of or pressure pressure pres- pres sure due to wind and the weight of cf I tim tho footings c II would vou Id easily bring this figure up to to tho limit of 15 IG tons per square foot fool This Tiis would mean that there would have lave to be he beono ono One solid block of ot concrete coverIng coverIng cover cover- In Ing tho entire area arN of tho the lot Tho total wind load on ono one sill sid of this building when exposed to a n heavy henvy gale of oC wind would be tons mill as the tho center of or pressure would bo be 1000 feet eeL above o tho ho street l level wel the overturning moment due to this pressure would be he foot tons Lois It would seem cm at fi first t sight that a pressure of at tons 8 applied to this I building ln- ln at nt a n. height of or 1000 feet Coet mu must mustI t I surely Rurel turn It ft over ovel but oin owing to the thc weight weighs ht of or the hugo mass mas it would re require re- re quire tho writer assures us us over eight times as 83 much pressure before beCore It could bo ho UI upset et Although as M Just noted note tho tio overturning o moment would bo be foot toot tho the opposing moment of stability would be no less than G 61 51 1 tons ton so o that tho thic structure ture litre for fr all ull Jt itt Its 2000 feet of or height would bo ho perfectly secure a against be beIn being be- be In big ing blown down To 10 quote further Mr MI 11 states stales that if It a good rock bottom hollom were wore so near tho surface of or tho the ground that It would ho bo unnecessary unnecessary un un- necessary lo io sink a n. caison calson a stool or other form orm of or spread foundation foundation foun foun- dation could ho bo u used ed In which case cato tho building bureau would probably allow of a a. somewhat greater square foot Coot than 15 tons tons although that Is not hot specifically set forth In tho code If it this allowed it H would ho bo possible to go o still higher than 2000 feet feel but hut It Is evident that the thickness of or walls aU In tho lower stories and tho thio size sizo o of tho columns would soon become prohibitive Tho The experience gained In connection connection tion Lion with the designing of ot tho the Singer building leads to Ic the belief that a building of this thus height would require rj r mezzanine sto story In every fifteen for the tho placing of tank tanks distribution dis dis- dis of pipes und and service rooms roon Looked at from front this point of view tho the building would really be he equivalent to tn toton ton Ion story fifteen building placed on tho he top of each other Such uch a tower over If constructed and equipped 1110 tho lIe Singer building would cost ap- ap approximately approximately ap ap- proximately I |