Show o. o r 4 J d D V I iY V 1 SI I j 1 1 I s t x J j stir r 4 r f e 1 t rr F t ir y h 1 C y G A J 1 I W r ir p W fr I l S V h 7 r 4 A Q t i L rJ P 1 ir f r c d f J erY r r JY t 1 Y C vw S I ii ii 1 p i iv P Y v I K it S ti E-ti 04 lt j I OF LOG LOG- SAT G fb ra 0 NO r f li the P j i f TilE THI- pint pint- will II Hi mainly in Ih 1 I forests forest nf of valuable I whir i they contain This view vety Is 18 p bard ba- ba fd rd by hy the Hie administration and 1011 i tu turnout most m seeing far ef ng mt measures have VI heat been adopted IJ Mo tn congas ron I tin the wens nf of public woodland Tho ol archipelago hn Iran has lIen never r been on ln completely f surveyed I ml but tilt the I j t 81 te from which the tiu C fallowing I i ies 0 es are r c urn IO h II 1 ox ox- I it t In a i f t 1 ru i ill are are the property of the Ow I r stale slate and about I s orpo f tit If t this public domain arc arc- ar Ir wooded lc a lug Ing aCIf acres f l m. m m.-lh m. t tl I of cultivation l Of course in Luzon the proportion iun I of cleared tl area I In VI very vry much r 1 than the average l but even ven e t f n in iii thi this ar Island there arc are at al ka least U-ast t i l r- r acres of virgin forest i Tracts arc arc- arcU U to Lit b bl be found In ht the thO t IH n nt I I of or Isabela and N Nut Nuova Ilva v vf a I II f I Viscaya ln fact the entire coa t ti tir i IIi r i Luzon t south of If the I. I I- I a 1 i virgin virgin t forest The 11 Umber timber of thi unit anil t I other lIl districts wH be rendered rendert d rt readily 1 i j. j gip available u for mark mark j by byh h the He- ea is in course of of or construction b but lt at thea tin the i a 1 i present L time me in spite of or the th almost 1 unlimited 1 I the h demand fur for ur f 1 lumber In Manila is be never fully tact met This Pills Is due to the crude ni methods tho I i I of lumbering which have pl prevailed vat d f I i heretofore ancL the to the limited fat facilities iti- iti tV ties for Internal transportation Aside 1 from the tha short road from Manila north there have been no railroads 1 In operation rind and tho the forest lands within reach fJ of this line were long fang since t plated depleted 1 o I A great dc of or the Cori forest st sl area alCa Is IsEp I Ep 1 1 supplied with streams streams of sufficient r fIze Iza to adroit admit of or logging Joeln bide bUl bul many I II t of them thc tn requite require a a little clearing and anda I a n. moderate obstacle is quite enough I Ito w to no icier deter the talc enterprise n of the thc native There Thor Is toda today a tine fine tract of ti timber Sher ber In the vicinity pf I Maj Manila Ma Ma- j nila which has hal boon been effectually protected protected pro pro- by ati att obstruction i In n the river the rl cl that a an A Americas American company would remove re re- re- re move in n a n few fen days ane and at a nominal t expense But nut th the the- chief C d deterrent to 1 logging In ln the Philippines is 19 th the hazard haz haz- r and ard Ins Inseparable from the operation i at nt least u some some nc preventive menH- menH ore ure la Is devised Most o of lh the limber of ot the tha f inlands lands l is hard wood M such of-such such tc density that hat It will not Moat font without a assistance stu JI c Bamboo rafts ai are e used to give It buoyancy and not Infrequently these structures are accidentally accident tr o ally JI broken u up V with frith nerious resultant I loss lumberman therefore The native nathe i depends in th the main upon or orI I- I j water buffalo to haul his biN logs loga l to the f beach hench and Id It may muy readily be ln Imas- Imas ag- ag mod that dial tills primitive pa means menns of oC transportation n st strict limitations limitation L s upon the operations opi The calab o oIs is a powerful animal but dragging a log JoS over o an arm UI and cumbered ground Is IN a difficult tn task k The larger largel r trees are got out though the they Y Yare are frequently I lluent d destroyed t oyed In order to l secure cornea comparatively small portions e of or them If an extra Ua length Is la needed h f for tor a a ti suitable tree Is IC felled ClIed t f and tit the I bout boat i Is nude made n on the stint spot to he hauled d OW awny Y In in sum almost almo t finished stoUt The Tho employed ute ate ateI I f C crude and wasteful In fn the extreme externs 1 A cro cut cross cut saw is ill quite unknown in the i Philippine forest COten All AU th the felling and s other work wort of It cutting culling is la duns done with a u along r t. t long on ruu narrow rom Single dingle ax as A 1 K large Jarg tn tree Is always cut at an y r height front from the ground ground ome some ome- sometimes fifteen feet feet after after I Um times fi as us high a HS as I having been blen first partially part burnt burntt through to facilitate the job It H la is t c believed by the of the tho Forestry Forestry For POl third one of I estry stry bureau that hardly one the tho marketable marketable- h timber that is cut CUl cosmos conies of ur th the forest It la is usual for Cor a licensee lt to contract with native deliver certain kinds of or loggers Joggers jo o hewn logs log on the beach IVi lh this thin con con- unction a n peculiarity of uC the Philippine Phllip- Phllip i pine forests should be he understood Except Ex Lx- 5 c c t in the Ill fir and pine regions the till 1 es there In extensive trees K do flo not grow t I of or one species as in the United Slates An of oC Philippine wood Philippine wood wood- f 15 l land may 1111 contain twenty t varieties vu and more titan than a score o os o's ol 01 f s lif T tho kind of trees treS are rc lre seldom t r I found growing together Tho logger s 1 naturally pick out the most accessible Isle ble trees and those most molt easily t tc tv o t. t v. v u.- u. w r. r T r r. r ay it i t 41 I X J c 7 A 4 d t r y S t 1 b lq W Wr i r I I I or Of T E vA Cry r AT rz ii i i ii i. i i i LJ nuiL i rn n in m n jui in 1 I Ibe be felled Celled ruthlessly ly burn limbo into tin the I trunks cut off oa such lengths as IlS then I will will drag drag and leave from leave from 4 10 0 I I U lO GO per cent of or a remainder upon I Ith th the ground to decay The hc effect of these methods of oC eaty eaffY lumbering are arc 1 seen sIn in cle cleared belts two u or thre three II miles in breadth upp fu the thi coasts along the banks of river rivers and around I towns The rhe depths of the fOIl forests forest t. t have not been penetrated by the lum lum- berman He lie has mp merely el clipped off nIT the edges In a few places place I Nearly all the lumber that Is 1 shipped to 0 Manila A is squared h in hI the forest Special efforts are made mad to tn si w- oure extra l lengths for Cor shipping and sometimes logs of lauann and run rum to 90 feet feN and over There Is evidence evidence evidence evi evi- dence cf an nn Inclination on the part of of If I the native lumberman to employ better better bet bet- ettel et- et ter tel methods when the necessary ary capital capital capi capi- tal tul can be secured I cul d but It Is to 10 Ameri American can enn enterprise that the Philippines Philippines' m st ulli ultimately look for the exploitation I I tion of QC Il Its forest One American J comI company com corn primly pany has haM lumbering been lumbering In the Hie Philippines Phil Phil- Philippines I for man many many- years arM in the native native fashion with satisfactory results to Its stockholders Last year a concession was granted ranted to 0 another which I Is x cx- ex expected I peeled to adopt modern means menn e and invest in invest ill in- vest considerable capital in the enter enter- prise prig Other applications for 01 extent exten extensive sh sive licenses h have vf been blen registered anti ami anI It 11 I is believed that thaI the next few ew years yeal will trill witness the development of a u large lumbering business in the i Is h- h lands laucH I Although it has beets been pat patent nt to capitalists for tOl sometime that the Philippine forests biter a promising field for 01 Investment 1 the he taxes au and uncle me-I me re restrictions rc which it was wa al at first r t proposed pro pro- pro pro-I I posed lI by the hC commission to Impose d deterred business o men from embarking embarking embark embark- ing In the enterprise Jh The commission commis lIon sion realized its mistake and recently modified the UK- terms and regulations so ao I Ito as to make makl lumbering in the Philippines Philip Philip- Philippines pines pincH an extremely attractive tion lion Concessions may now be bc secured granting c exclusive right of operation for 01 a period of or 20 0 o years in large Jarge tracts to or 11 corporations that have the means and display bona bonn fide fido Intention m of working them The conditions conditions con con- are no longer onerous and the I forestry OI dues about dues about a 6 per cent of or the market t value of timber limber cut cut are are lower lover than those thoKO In any other putt part of or the world with the exception of Borneo Moderate capital employed on a a. tract adjacent to one of the new railroad lines Hut tt or other transportation facility I would yield good returns but a corporation cor cor- por with several millions say say I from u to would would realize splendid profits in this field I The Philippines nrc ore are not exporting one fifth of the lumber for which they could find a profitable market while C each ch year large quantities of oC pine and andred rN red rota wood enter the co country country- un tl fro from I Oregon Or and und California China China a ond other othel oriental countries make an In Ince Incessant Incessant In- In ce ant and constantly and con constantly tunU Increasing demand de tie- omand t mand for tor hard bard woods wooda r f t 3 s f Rf 4 r 1 t 4 r l t N i it c r tor t c C P Pi i O 07 r I r 1 i Railroad extension and amid other conI construction con con- I work all over the East Last con I II Is I calling I for or lumb lumber r and this is IH particularly particularly par por- I tho the case with China C the most I accessible of all alJ foreign markets to the Philippines s. s The requirements of the hom home homp market are steadily on the in increase increase in in- I CT crease ns y reason of the thu extensive Improvements Im Im- In ht progress and In contemplation con con- b by the government The admission of ot Philippines lumber fr free freeto e elu to lu tho United States tat N should open a large market In the mother country St I A capitalized fI company I operating roads logging sawmills and I I a u fleet neot of f sailing IS vessels Including I barges tor for Island Intel transportation tran would return turn handsome dividends to its stockholders The profits would be belarge belarge belarge large enough to permit of the vessels I returning from train foreign ports pOla In hi ballast but by liy far the largest proportion of I such uch shipments would be to lo Hong Jlong- kong from rom which point to Manila cargoes cargoes' ear cur I goes goes' are lue always alwa's obtainable and und delivering at th the Pacific coast ports ports' of the United States Stats might carl carry back American soft HOtt woods with I profit The n need ed of the lire trade tade for os- os 3 bUlIt lumber vest Vessels l Is 18 pro pro- It tl is I often ortell nece necessary to CUlup cut CUl cutup cutup up to 10 at the port of clearance thereby there there- tJ by deeming decreasing their value in order to I load them In ships of limited hold ca Ca- I Under present conditions tho the establishment of oC a u market In tho thoI j United States Slates for or these valuable woods l I I is Impossible hut but buta huta a a. com company pan running vessels direct to lo Seattle Seattle- or San Francisco Francisco Fran Fran- I cisco could without doubt open up such a marJ market marlet cl and create an active demand amon among builders on and manufacturers manufacturers manu manu- I I for fOI the tho commercial and I cabinet hard woods of the Philip Philip- I pines s. s By Dy jobbing Its produce in this I country countr the company would save all aJl the tho profits profit from the forest to the fac fac- aeI ae- I lor tory Considering th the facility with I which operations may ma be bc Instituted I the known superiority of or the product I Ithe the c certainly of markets find and the hl high h hI I prices obtainable lumbering appears rs I at ut present to lo be the tho most profitable and ll the least hazardous of oC time the man many attractive enterprises presented h by tho the Philippines Many l of the several st hundred varieties vane varie ties of oC native timber are arc acknowledged great gleat value and enjoy a aa long 1011 Iab Ushe l demand but l of the tho great majority majority ma ma- little Is known an and not n few fow may be bo expected to reveal ro under tho the tests and experiments of ot the Insular bureau of or forestry unsuspected qualities qualities ties tics of or a u high order The rho Spaniards I had haa no thought of or developing de the lum mm- ber her ber in Industry nn and it was limited to the few wOo woods s that were desired for local consumption Xo No more than 70 of or the great number of varieties vur s had h. been beNI subjected to test and Investigation tion before American occupation In Inthe Inthe th the few Cow y years ane since the e establishment t of or the tho Insular bureau of oC forestry It Its researches have elicited a u number of or facts of the greatest t value regarding the timber of or th the Philippines and anti its I adaptability to various commercial purposes l for Cor which it h hriN s been used There fhelt are m no finer finel construction WOo woods s In the world than molave pit 1111 and This Is IN conceded by b engineers en engineers en- en and lumber of the widest widest wid wid- est experience Twelve years s n ago o two of tin the bridges spanning the tho P Put Ig river W tvete IC laid with molave blocks rind in 1 although al although although al- al though subjected to unusually heavy o c as who knows the grinding ef effect effect ef- ef of the tho oriental bullock cart calt will understand the the pavement pa Is practically practically ally as os sound ati ever which I Is abundant in In the seems to tobo bo he almost evo everlasting c lasting In Manila one may see flee beans beams and planks of this wood that have boon been I In n nI I use O for certainly certainly I longer than a n century and show how no signs of deterioration Jt It hits ha a aI aI I reputation for similar durability in the thc r I ground and antI is therefore admirably adapted for use In railroad construction tion There Thre is a u. great demand In InI I China for and the tho latter latterI being t u used ed cl in III house and antI ship building I lauan lallan nun name und antI other Philippine Philippine Philip Philip- pine woods have ha the thc property property property- r x ex exceedingly c ex valuable In the tho East East of of re- re I white ants Most lo t of these he e eon eI i on woods wends exhibit lt extraordinary strength tren th l I compared with wilh which our toughest l woods are aro weak In this thiN respect anti apu- lag arms has no equal This wood subjected d to the compression en endwise end end- wise whIP strain exhibited a n. resistance of I pounds per square inch t the hl stress s of elastic limit equaled d O Inch anti and tho the poun pounds s per pel- square strength at rupture equaled pounds p per r square quare Inch The are ar a few of oC the i commercial hardwoods with which j I the thu Philippine Philippine- forests orests teem Thoy are arc aroI 1 I equally illy rich in what are e termed term cd In Int t Ion contradistinction on t t the tho h ca cabinet woo woods s of if f an fin ornamental character These are ure beginning to tu attract the attention of oC furniture manufacturers am and lumI lum- lum 1 I her dt dealers l of ot Europe on account of I the |