Show i a r e IV Display of or Cartwheel Maker laker at l Fair I Pre Arod NaU C p C. C C. EXAS tips its ten gallon stetson stetson stet stet- TEXAS son to a stream of visitors for whom Dallas Is Js a r re reception committee and inaugurates gur tes the first United States exposition exposition exposition ex ex- position position In the worlds world's bumper crop for 1936 After the Texas Centennial the veteran exposition fan may aswell as aswell well start packing for Jaunts to Cleveland Ohio and Johannesburg South Africa Although this Is la the first world worlds s fair in Texas the United States has been a happy hunting ground for elaborate expositions Philadelphia Chicago and San Diego have each had two St St. Louis ha had one NewYork New NewYork NewYork York and San Francisco have both set the date for their second 1939 Such celebrations are becoming the accepted sort of birthday party for important national ries The Philadelphia Centennial In 1876 brought the worlds world's activities in miniature to the front door of a nation Just one hundred years in independent in- in dependent The Columbian Exposition Expo Expo- in Chicago in 1893 was intended in- in intended in tended to show Columbus that he hadn't seen the half halt of it when he discovered America years year be be- fore In 1007 the effectiveness of English colonization of this country was displayed by the Jamestown Virginia Tercentenary The young nations nation's first wavering westward steps were recalled in the Louisiana Purchase Centennial in St. St Louis In 1904 and Portland's Portland Oregon celebration cele cele- celebration bration of the Lewis and Clark expeditions expedition's ex ex- hundredth anniversary in 1903 1905 The South contributed to the country's country fair festivities with the Cotton Colton States exposition at Atlanta in 10 1895 the Tennessee Centennial exposition at Nashville in 10 1897 andin and andIn andin in the South Carolina Interstate and West Indian exposition at Charleston Charles Charles- ton in 1902 Seattle was at home for an exposition In honor of Alaska the Yukon and the Pacific coast in to 1909 By that time the United States had acquired the worlds world's fair habit and would have one at the slightest provocation When the Panama canal was opened in 1914 no one wanted to wait a hundred years for forthe forthe forthe the event to simmer down into a centennial so that formality was waived and the occasion Itself was celebrated with important expositions expositions exposi exposi- both In 10 San Francisco and in 10 San Diego Began Beran Again After the War WarThe WarThe The general enthusiasm for fairs was dampened somewhat after r 1916 1910 by the World war which a appeared appeared ap ap- peered to destroy mans man's appetite e for the arts and industries of civili Then Philadelphia gave it its Ils s second performance the tennial in 1926 Chicago followed follows tl suit salt in 1933 with its own hundredth hundred th birthday party to which everyone was invited and to which everyone e went and then went back the follow ing lag year In 1933 1935 the San Diego exposition exposition ex position was announced along wi with th centennial celebrations in Arkansas Wisconsin and Springfield Mass The past century might well wen b be e called the Exposition Era for i it et t has witnessed the sudden gaudy sprouting of the worlds world's fair fro from m the ancient family tree of the trade fair This new an and Pi dazzling era began in 1851 with will that grand daddy of fairs In th the modem modern manner the London Crys tal tat Palace exhibition officially opened by Queen Victoria and d Prince Albert Since then many crowned heads and presidents have hav e seized such opportunities to combine combine com com- bine bane official business with seem seeing g the tho sights lights After London started the world worlds a fair fever it spread through Eu rope and North America wi with th amazing rapidity with Isolated cases cropping up all aU over the world d from Melbourne Australia to S Se- Se vW vir Spain Spats Within 85 65 years Par Paris s ha d seven important expositions exposition l s an reports another planned to for r establishing a world record d for worlds world's fairs London follows follow a with a score acore of et five Ave It Is often dim dim- cult to decide whether a busy fri In- In exposition or a big cents centen n nial stet celebration is e a worlds world's fair There Thera are few set rules for pia playing play play- y ing the ng exposition game although q an as international agreement on oa th the e subject has haa been discussed as and d standing committees exist in a most mo st European countries Almost any o oc oc- c caslon casion now Is considered legitimate e Janeiro excuse for a worlds world's fair RIO d da de S staged elated one to celebrate th the e centenary of Brazilian d sacs ence la in 1922 Antwerp to commemorate rate 1 o. o Belgium's Belgium century of lad Inde inde- r in 1930 and Brussels in fa honor of the tho centenary of Belgian railroads in 1933 1935 Transportation's Big lr Part Fart Indeed the latter seems seem symbolic of the tendency of the 85 years of fairs away tars away from the early arts and crafts and toward the accomplishments of science especially In Inthe inthe n the service of transportation In 1851 the only transportation exhibit sent to the exposition from the United States was an artificial leg I But at the Chicago Centennial in 34 1933 modes of transportation constituted con con- s a more extensive display than did the rho exhibit of any one state or nation There is no wonder however howver how how- e ever ver that fairs recognize transportation tation rattan as Important since fairs are becoming bigger and better and more frequent largely because of the ease with which they can be r reached The worlds world's fair today with its b bewildering mixture of amusement education and commercialism is sometimes hard to distinguish from its more workaday relative the international in trade exposition for advertising advertising ad ad- purposes such as the International In Petroleum exposition in Tulsa Okla The worlds world's fair is a s sporadic celebration however and thus differs from the perennial industrial industrial in in- exhibition like those of the British Industries fair held simultaneously simul timul in London and Birmingham Birmingham ham every year since 1919 1915 and th the e Leipzig fairs which have been landmarks landmarks land marks of ot international trade for r 7 00 years and are now considered the oldest and largest of the hard hardy y perennials Each fair offers a novelty of some som e sort like London's original Crystal Palace Chicago's Chicago ride camel-ride ia in 1893 and its sky sky ride ride In 1933 or the Texas Centennials Centennial's rocket-ride rocket but bu t there Is no novelty In 10 holding a fair Always Alway it has been fairweather fair Lair fairweather weather somewhere In the world d. d since Chinese tribesmen began t to o congregate at some convenient t tn crossroads years ago when n trade r really meant trade and bustness business bust busi ness was on the barter standard Ancient Greeks and their Roman Roma n Imitators held periodic fairs garnished gar garnished with games and some rd religious reli trimmings In Medieval l Times Shrewd medieval European merchants mer men chants reaped the rewards of virtue virtu e e when they all aU Journeyed to their r nearest religious center center and and se set setup t up booths for a fair during a church h h I festival So general was this practice tice that some languages combined combine d the word fair with that fo for dr r church service The hiring of servants and the settlement of marriage mar I contracts were transactions transaction s no more out of place on primitive primitiv e medieval midways than the e exchange exchange ex- ex x change of cattle or the sale of horses Incidental merrymaking became became be came such a substantial factor that tha t it soon set up In hi business for itself Itsel f primly differentiated with the t tr term nn I pleasure fair One of these th the e St St. Bartholomew's Fair was abol in la London only as late a as s 1926 1920 England retains traces of ot many primitive fairs such as Goose Goos e Fair and Onion Fair while developIng develop develop- p. p ing fag the more modern modem trade sho show w to a high degree of ef specialization n. n from the annual exhibition of Brit t ish lair products to an ea international audience au au with 80 different potential potentia l language markets to the restricted restricts ld d Antique Dealers' Dealers Fair or the E Exhibition Ex Ex- o of Acetylene OxyAcetylene Oxy Oxy-Acety- I lene lane and Allied Industries I The old-fashioned old f fair ir to which products were brought sold and carted away now is II being replaced by the modem modern exhibition which is simply a sample huge case where potential buyers make choices but not purchases Such are the fairs which have taus made traveling buyers buyer thrive where the vanishing traveling salesmen once flourished around such ouch international commercial cen rea center ter tern as ea Leipzig Lyons Basle Praha Pra Pra- ha hat and end in Russia The great Hindu market a at t Third Kurd war In kt India is less lell advanced Expositions ExposItion have set the style for everything from Jewelry to hotel facades The Chicago Columbian exposition exposition ex position of 1893 was responsible for foran foran an epidemic of ot pseudo Grecian architecture which whack supplanted the brownstone front throughout th the e United States until 1915 when the Spanish Moorish buildings of the San Diego and the San Francisco fairs fair started a wave 0 of low strawberry straw straw- berry stucco structures topped with red brown tiles ties The Eiffel Eel Tower at th the Paris Path exposition of 1889 1869 served as a calling card for the steel construction w which later came to stay in is modern modem |