| Show ITALY REALIZES DREAM OF EMPIRE But From Froni Where Will Vill the thc Capital Come to Develop Ethiopia's Unexploited exploited Un Resources And Will ViII Italians Colonize By Dy WILLIAM C. C ITIL the annexation of Ethiopia by Italy the Dark Continent Continent Con W WITH of Africa now consists entirely of colonies of Liberia Liberia Li Liberia Li- Li the European nations with the single exception of beria a tiny negro republic on the Atlantic coast near the equator and just south of the Sahara desert Africa covers square miles and is the home of people For four hundred years cars the continent has been a colonial pie sliced up by the swords of half a dozen nations Much of the territorial holdings in it are in the hands of three minor nations which arc are hardly in a position to defend their hold hold- ings against the countries which Inthe In ln i ithe the past few tew decades have asserted their power more I substantially These three powers are Spain Portugal and Belgium They rule o er Iq square WJ re miles of ot Africa ca en anti and among their colonial subjects sub suu- are aro 17 C people With her new Dew colony which Mussolini Mus rus says sas will be developed tIt to Its fullest extent Immediately Italy now has hns I possession of Libya a n nast vast ast stretch of country across the Mediterranean Medi in a n southerly direction from the mother country I Eritrea along the southern louthern end of the lied fled sea sell Ethiopia which Includes the headwaters of ot the Nile and Italian which lies along the Indian Indian Indian In In- dian ocean and borders Ethiopia on the south Bouth Flanks Britain Lire Life Line This means that Italy has hall become an nn empire that Victor l Emanuel manuel is no longer merely a king but an em em- The only barrier r that separates sep sep- tes arl the two major sections of this vast Tat colonial estate is the An An- Egyptian glo Sudan Italy is now firmly entrenched along both silks sides S of f the Mediterranean and at the southern mouth of the tho lied sea becoming be coming what Is probably the domInating dominating dom dom- mating factor along the line life of ot Britain's empire Britain with her prestige e falling failing apart be because a use of ot the total of ot her campaign in the League of ot Nations to stop the Italian Ital lal- ian course 8 of ot empire and mul the tho utter niter failure of ot her fleet to bluff II Duce Duco into backing barking down now finds herself In a most embarrassing position Not Nui only hoi ho the sha suffered enlisted great Ireal toss loss ol of rf respect in use the eyes of the o the world but bUI buthe she he he has ceased cf to dominate tile the route to 10 India Indin through the Suet canal Her lIer Herline line of 0 colonies stretch from front Cairo to the Cape Cope of oJ Good Hope are areno areno areno no longer honked flanked by a nation without sufficient power to 10 worry anybody but bUI by zy the colonies of oJ a nation which is not nol only powerful in its Africa rica but bUI in Europe itself And the source of o much of 0 the all imi alt irrigation of 0 Egyptian Egyptian tian lands is now nOlo in the tite hands handi of 01 a pou power r which is at 01 present hostile Of at the African colonies Britain's are lire however undoubtedly the best More than one-fourth one of the continent continent conti conti- nent neat Is covered by the Sahara desert des ert crt and ond there Is U another large desert desert des ties ert the Kalahari In the tile South The Th average density of ot the population In Africa is about twelve to a square mile as compared with about forty to a square mile In the United States The density of population of ot the British colonies Is everywhere above the average u for the continent while the possessions of If every other power have ha an average n density below below below be be- low the continental average i approximately persons person In In- these colonies cot coter er lin cill Egypt square miles mils making J the IIO about 16 to the tle square quare putt mill The colonies stretch the tile full li of Africa Alrica on the eastern side ile oJ of the continent are the tle most inhabitable in sections In annexing Ethiopia Italy will have ha added about square miles to her colonial empire and will have hate gathered another JOO persons under the Italian flag nag With the new conquest the population lotion lation of her African colonies rises from 2 25 persons to the square mile mileto to persons to the square mile mill She now controls nearly 1 square miles of ot Africa with a population pop popS of persons Belgium's territory while It Is large consists almost entirely of ot equatorial Jungle which Is not at lit atthe atthe the present time valuable What its worth will vill be when and If It the Jungle of at the Belgian Congo ConJo Is ever er cleared Is unknown There are ore rv pt iwa J 07 4 t i 0 t I r df if j. i 1 y Pf Italian Planes Planel In an Air Raid Near Addis Ababa France I It Is Holder France and anti Great Britain now share equally about two thirds of Africa The remainder Is divided up between Italy Ital Belgium Spain and Portugal It Is France who Is the largest holder bolder of territory In Africa She Iu has hIlS the Island of Madagascar In the Indian ocean tn oft off the southeast African tri tri- can coast Morocco Algiers and Tunis But Hilt since so much of ot her holdings include desert land she bail she 1 I virtually owns the Sahara Sahara her her 4 4 I square miles mile of ot territory I have ha an aver average e U of only i I I nine souls to tn the square I mile utile Her I I African colonial subjects number bout about l. l MOrlO In all I colonies or arr or the she home of 0 not Dot many people able to exist In these OOOO square miles mills the population population pop pop- being about ton ten persons to the square mile with n a total of U 0 1 l 58 1000 I Even ven more sparse Is the population tion of or Portugal's several II African colonies s chief among which are areAn An Angola ola bordering the Atlantic coast to the south of the tue Belgian llIn Congo Cono and Mozambique ulon along the Indian ocean o on the mainland opposite Madagascar The Portuguese territory ter embraces a 11 little less hess than tItan square miles with a little littleover littleover over o Inhabitants or about nine to the square mile Spain Spain's Share Shue Sparsely Settled Spain's 1 square miles of ot African territory chiefly In Morocco co and anti on the Atlantic seaboard C S S S SI I Pietro Badoglio Italy's Italy new viceroy vice ro roy of or Ethiopia surveys the lay of the land as an aide points point It out to him west of the Sahara are Inhabited b by only about persons or 05 01 to the square mile The popular conception that Col colts cola nits nil in Africa of er the European colonizing nations all an outlet for lor their excess uce populations p has Ia been bee more or less false With Will all the cola coin and ond empire building o oJ years fara only one lOne person in SO 51 on the African rican continent today is There are in all only oily about aboul It lt Is also doubtful that the Dark Continent an and Its people presen for tor roods goods manu un any grout great t market factored In I Europe Natives NatUes largely largey large large- of ot character require ly a II little ittle y of the manufactured KO goods ot of It may be possible that N F T I I I Recent picture of the defeated Emperor Halle Haiie Selassie with continued development this market will be built up Hut But such de development takes nn an enormous amount of capital That is the one big disappointment disappoint dIsappoint- ment to Italy In her conquest of EthIopia The land exclusive e of the central plateau Is poor the natural natural nat oat ural resources are ridiculously less than they have bave been estimated Inthe in inthe inthe the popular fancy tancy of ot those who seek seck to Justify II Duces Duce's bloody war Colonization I. I Difficult Mussolini claimed a double purpose pur pose In his conquest of the ancient kingdom of ot room room for tor his overcrowded people to expo expand nd and the obtainment of ot raw materials for Italian Industries nut lInt Italian people are apparently not so willing willingto to become colonists In an nn unpleasant ant and uncomfortable land In Eritrea which has been bren Italian now for 50 ro years pars there are ure only about colonists The en entire lire Ogaden area ara with the provinces 0 oj and Doll Dale so completely com cons conquered by the forces force of General Graziani are o oJ of little lil or ar no value being principally desert lie hanot has ha not yet mined into inlO the rich agricultural tural regions region of oJ the ArlU i plateau although al at though that is ii scheduled to be his next step ep There has lice been some romantic gossip of ot vast oil deposits In Ethiopia Ethiopia pia pin especially In the Ogaden district Ills dis but these have hale been ben largely denied de de- nied by the facts What mineral mineraI resources are present will be found for the tue larger part In the tho country to the north northeast past but even these are ore uncertain There Is some salt which Italy mined during the war war war-nt at n a cost rost all out of or proportion to Its Us value In peace times Italy Mu Must Mull t Aid Colonists The Important part of ot l Ethiopia is the central plateau whose population population tion tUrn is the traditional enemy of ot the tribes on the outskirts below Here It Is that Mussolini plans Ians to put most of his colonists The country country coun coun- try Is u agriculturally rich nod the climate while It Is not pleasant to white while people by any means Is at ot least livable Il While I the he plateau may be said to be lie conquered it Is not yet t entirely occupied by Italian armies the and being still unoccupied If It the tue colonization of ot the plateau Is to be successful the colonists must be given a II great deal of aid by the mother country The fact that the colonists will ill start from scratch will be a boon to Italian Hollan industry industry in in- for Cor or th the demand for heavy henvy goods for the building of a 8 new nation nation nation na na- na- na tion should give millions more work It Is believed that the colonists will willbe willbe willbe be able to raise cereals anti and live livestock livestock stock finding n a market for them In Italy and selling them for prices which will nill he be higher than titan the world market for the tho same goods One Oae of 0 the principal problems facing lacing the new Ethiopian emperor and his Ilis General Badoglio is lIh until to 10 do with lh the she natives It 1 is i. hardly ble that they r can call be driven rom Irons the llie land they certainly ui will not be al- al to compete with will the she colonists color on equal e terms for lor they till Kill be able to w work for lor fur far smaller compensation the Italians being unable to 10 compete with will their tots low standard of 01 lit tiling ing The sit situation sit it action II a ill be notch much the same ame as sit that at which hH the Japanese found in attempting to 10 colonize Manchuria With the exception of ot some little platinum anti and gold the mineral resources re re- sources of Ethiopia are largely larely a fable able Tin Tile wealth If any which It will add to Italy will have ha to be worked out of the land In hard Ital Ital- lan Inn sweat sweat and with the lion ion of hundreds of of ot dol dol- lars hare Italy Haly hasn't got the hundreds of millions lint But she has now fulfilled what Mussolini says has been the dream of Fascism 1 for 5 5 years Ita Italy I hns has become an tl empire l it I rounds big anti and it earns II l w invaluable In plaudit from his people C fJ Wt lern N w pat t r Union |
