Show I 0 0 I I J ID By ELMO SCOTT WATSON WATSONS S 17 approaches and end thousands of Americans not only those of Irish blond but others an nit well prepare to honor lionor th the patron petron pa pe tron saint of the L Isle Ule I by y wearing n II bit bitar bita a ar Rv green creen on St. St Patrick's Patricks Vat Pat rick's ricks day It la le Otting that Hie they give some Borne thought to flue HIe contribution which these sons ams of St tt Patrick tho Irish hue have made to the building o of this tills nation And to appreciate te that linI It I Is le necessary to go hack bark to the beginning of the republic republic re re- public and Ind to Inquire Into the number num num- her ber of Irish who ho were In this country country country coun coun- try when the Revolution began and who bo ho remembering the centuries of oppression behind them In Ireland before they came to America were Ire among tI the nut flat to take up arms In la tills Ihle newest nl struggle for liberty from I English domination The researches of historian historians In recent years year have brought to light the fact that a 8 surprisingly large percentage of the patriots of 70 were ere fighting Irish h surprisingly large In InI I view w of the popular Idea that the majority of the colonists colonist were lre of pure blood They hAVe hare also revealed that nearly 1 officers and 2000 of the rank and file tile In the army navy and militia bore characteristic tlc Irish names Indicating that they were Ire either born In Ir Ireland or were lre of Irish ancestry Hut But the greatest contribution of the Irl Irish h to the tile patriot call cause e was wal that of leadership hl as 1111 shown hown by hy the tile fact flirt that In the mho list of generals In Inthe Inthe Inthe the Continental army there were eleven ln who were horn In Ireland and eight others who were tho the sons erns of Irish Add to that list of horn patriots three signers I of tho the I Declaration of ot Independence the sea ea captain whose name Is la preserved pre pro fn served In history ni RS the Father of the American NII Navy and the lur surgeon eon who ho served as all Washington's Washington's Washing Washing- tOI tons ton's secretary In the ono Ilia na woo inner laier i became secretary or of orwar orwar war wor under Washington ton and amid Adams and It will be he seen why there isi IsGEN Is la i I I GEN EDWARD COWARD HAND rood good reason to honor the memories of these o sons anus of St St. on March 17 17 7 Outstanding among the tho military leaders was II Montgomery born near Ireland December Decem her ber 2 Z 1730 who entered the BrIt BrIt- loh Ish army at lit the tilt age t of nf eighteen and won uon renown lit nt the time siege e of Louisburg during the French and Indian war and III In the I t t Indies but whose nae I M h best IlIst I because localise of hU hi connection With the Ill fated expedition against Quebec durIn during the devolution Hl One of eight I general brigadier appointed by bye e congress at nt the outbreak of the war Montgomery led hd tho time forces force which I Forts St St. t. t Johns John's and and anti with Gen fien Philip Schuyler next captured Montreal Then he hI and Jen Cen Arnold laid siege e to Quebec and anti when their demand denand on en Sir Ir Guy my Carleton the the- British commander n lr to surrender surrender der was refused attempted to carry carry car car- arry ry the town h by assault a l The Time at at- attempt tempt was made madl during l snowstorm on December 5 S. S and Montgomery was kit kilo j oJ a II lending leading his tN troops HI S against H a harrl karri- cude cede defended led II by artillery Three other Irish born I general generals nil all veterans of the French and Indian In im dian linn war war who also served In tim time the Canadian expedition hut but lived to perform valuable services for the cause II Il se of liberty were William Thompson II Irvine and William Wil 1111 liam Ilau Maxwell To Thompson born hurn In Ireland In ht lr t ITA i 1 fell the distinction distinction tion lion of being placed In III command of the t raised b by order of time the l Continental congress It I This was the till battalion of eight a C companion of riflemen which were recruited In the summer of lii 1773 and wh i m I Thompson as ns colonel colonel colo colo- nel led Ild to time the siege of Boston lie Ill was made a brigadier general In March 1770 mind and the till following month was sent with Ith f fur four ur regiments nil its reinforcements for tor time the II n l III tin 1111 expedition Upon mooting meeting there the therlo re recreating arm army he be took command In III place e of Gen On John Thomas who vua waa III and later laler turm J over that command to lien ien John Juhn Sullivan In carrying out Sullivan's Sullivans order to attack the tiie enemy at lit I m Thompson was taken prisoner but two months later inter was wal allowed to return to Philadelphia on parole It was wai nearly two lira years before hew he be w wai aa exchanged and he Ie died In Carlisle Car Car- lisle i Pa In to the tile last lut year rear of the war Irvine who was Willi born near Ireland November 3 1741 was a colonel In Thompsons Thompson's brigade brigade bri bri- gade end and shared with him In the Three murl attack and In 10 the cap followed After his hll exchange exchange ex n- change In 1778 1718 he was 81 placed In command of the he Second Pennsyl Pennsylvania Pennsylvania vania onla brigade promoted to briga general dier-general In 1770 and served nerved with lord Stirling and Mad Anthony Anthony Anthony An An- thony Wayne the time following year 1 b bk k t 1 dr gee k GEN WILLIAM IRVINE In 1782 he was wes given glnn the difficult assignment of commanding at nt Fort Pitt and guarding the northwestern frontier from Indian ludlan attacks as aswell well Weil as adjusting the tho between tho the Virginians nn and the Pennsylvanians over O the time ownership of ot that region lie He filled time the position pORI- pORI lion tion so admirably and so won the time esteem of Washington that In 1701 litH the first President placed him In command of the troops tramps which sup sup- h l LC Mu sou me time 11 m- m bell hellion 1011 of that year jear Maxwell was born In Ireland but hut came camo to this COli country II I r with his parents who settled In New w Jeroy Jer 11 sey oy After making a record for himself as all a gallant j and skillful 1 soldier during the time colonial wars he became colonel of the Second New Jersey regiment at nt the outbreak outbreak out out- break brlIk of the tho Ko Glutton and took part In Montgomery's lol Canadian ex ex- He ile was promoted to brigadier general In 1771 served rd under Schuyler on Lake Champlain a and In III the t early part purt of 1777 commanded the advance IId guard of the American forces near 1 Elizabethtown n N N. J J. J lie III fought fOIl brut braved tI el nt at the head bend of a n New Jer Jer- wy soy brigade at nt and Germantown spent the winter at Valley Forgo Forge and at Rt the battle of ot contributed in largely to the American Idor victory after which he harassed the the enemy us liS It retreated re re- treated lie He served 1 under flen n. nJohn n John Sullivan In the expedition against t the Iroquois In III 1770 iiO and retired from the army In Ii 1754 General Maxwell died November No 1 12 12 1798 jOS When Col Cod William Thompson led lel his Imis 1 battalion of Imla riflemen tn to the siege e of Boston his lieutenant colonel was n a brother Irishman l Hand Iland horn born In III Kings county December I 21 I 1741 jH He lie had mitered entered the service and In III 1771 lil lilI I was tins ns a n of the eighteenth Royal Irl Irish h regiment which be ht accompanied to America I as n a surgeons surgeon's lIr I mate After tr time the re re- re- re organization or me time army early In III 1770 hand was mans made col colonel 0 11 1 of n a regiment rf which FO so distinguished Itself item at nt the Ihl I h tattle tittle of ot Long Island and In the time campaign cam Iun o lal through the Jerseys that the name a n Hand lIand rifleman became Laraine synonymous with daring amid gallantry gal Ial gallantry lantry In action In 1777 land Hand was NM 1 se lir i o COMMODORE JOHN BARRY made malle a brigadier general I. the next year lar he ht helped guard the northern New York frontier under Gen Cen John Juhn Stark and In 1779 he lie distill distin distinguished himself lf during the Sulli Sullivan van an expedition II In IM 1750 Hand was placed In III charge of If a brigade and later he became a ant nd ant lant general of the time army A After e war be Le served r hl In congress and died tiled Sop Sep September 3 1502 2 A Akin kin to the dl of If being I a Hand liand I was us IDA that t 1 be Ii- w ing log a 8 Morgan rifleman after the expert eert marksmen ot of the Continental Conti arm army lied had been organized In 1777 Into loto a rifle corps corps th the command com coin amend mand of which was al given gl to that doughty fighter n Cen Gen Daniel Morgan Morgan Mor Mom gan gap of Virginia The lieutenant colonel of that was another Irishman Butler who ho had been lieutenant colonel of one of the regiments regiment recruited re re- eructed at the beginning of the Revolution Although services during the Revolution Devolution were re distinguished enough his greatest fame came later In 1787 he Ire was appointed agent for Indian affairs and In 1701 us as major gen eral nal In the United States regular army he be commanded the right wing of nell Den lea Arthur St. St army which had bad been sent against t the hostile Indians In the old Northwest On the morning of November No 4 1701 began one of the greatest disasters which hB has ever f befallen American Amerlan troops troops troops-St. St St. lairs lair's Defeat and Dement-and and among the slain after a gallant but futile defense de- de fen He against the the savage e horde hordt was 81 bra brave Gen Con Richard Hutler One of the greatest Indian fighters fighters fight fight- ers Irs this country has ever eTer known known- at least leol he was commander In one of the greatest Indian battles ever fought In America woe America was Andrew Lewis born In Donegal Irell Ireland d about 1720 7 O Ills illa father was as the first white settler In Augusta Augusto County county county coun coun- ty 1 Virginia and the son early showed a fondness for military lire life serving as RI a major In the regi fg regiment meat ment commanded by Washington In Inthe Inthe the Ohio campaign of 1754 1704 and 1751 lie He led It'll the Sandy Randy Creek expedition ex ex- ex- ex of 1750 1751 and while serving sen-Illg under the British general Grant In 1758 was captured by the time French and held as a prisoner In Montreal for some time Hut But the year 1774 was ns the time high point In his career for tor In that year as brigadier gen general In eral of the Virginia militia he commanded com corn mandell the frontiersmen who defeated de de- defeated the under their lei 24 r GEN RICHARD MONTGOMERY great chief Cornstalk In the famous fa In Battle of Point Pleasant during durIng dur dur- ing log Lord Dunmore's war wor This has been blell culled called the first all Amer lean kiln hattie battle In history since It was the first time that A American fr fron frontiersmen n- n without the aid of ot British Brit ish troops troop fought a major engagement engagement engage engage- ment with the Indians In III 1775 1770 at the suggestion of Washington who ho knew v the ull ability III t of Iw Lewis I I he tie was appointed brigadier briga briga- brigadier dier general In the Continental army arid and wean soon thereafter defeated the time forces under his former governor Lord Dunmore Falling Failing III ng health compelled Lewis howls Is' Is resignation tion from the army before he lie had hall u a u to distinguish himself fur fur- further timer ther and he ht died lied September 27 HSI 1751 The other Irish born generals Walter Stewart John Armstrong and Stephen May Moylan Inn 11 were not so outstanding as those previously named but their records were honorable hon bon enough to bring considerable distinction to them Moylan Is chiefly noted for being a member Imber of Washington's tons staff stat and for beIng being being be be- ing appointed commissary general Jeneral a position which he resigned to recruit recruit re re- cruit crust the time First Pennsylvania regi regiment g meat ment of cavalry cu of which bleh he was col colonel nI serving at Valley Forge Forg with Wayne In the time north and with Gen n h-n Greene In the south lie became a n brigadier general In li 1782 and after arter the war served as ns United States commis commissioner stoner of ot loans ns dying April 11 11 1811 John Armstrong was more noted anted for gallant Ice sen-Ice during the time French and Indian war ar t titan i an n durIna during dur dug log ing the although be he berc rc r. to the rank of ot brigadier gene genc gen gen- c e I 1 In the Continental armr a 0 apost apost post lost which he re resigned In 1777 Proud as Is the rt record Ord of the sons suna ons of St. St Patrick k In the Continental Continental Con Con- army ormy there Is III even en greater reason for pride In their contribution contribution tion to our naval na history I For or the time first American officer to capture a British ship shill W was I nn Rn Irishman Irishman- Commodore John Barr Harry Barry At the outbreak of the Involution he was wasa wasn a n wealthy shipmaster In III Philadel phd phia When the Continental con con- cress In October 1773 authorized the purchase of two ships i l and und their Into war men Barry sailed his Lle merchantman mack Clack Prince Into the harbor and sold her to congress She was 88 renamed the Alfred and later became the flagship of the first American fleet More ships were added later and Berry Barry was commissioned a captain and placed In command of ot the brig Lexington On April 17 17 1778 1776 the Lexington ton captured the British tender Edward the first prize ever taken by a regularly commissioned officer of ot the United States State navy nUl But Dut his most brilliant feat teat was In 1781 1181 when then hn In command of the Alliance Alliance Al Al- liance he hp topp topped off ot the capture of y I. I t tI S I r t ti l r. r rr f fJAMES JAMES McHENRY several se British privateers by ha baring bar hu- log ing a fight with two British vessels both of which were better armed than his his' vessel vesser and capturing both Barry Darry was both sailor Ballor and soldier for he took Washington across the time Delaware and fought at Trenton Princeton and elsewhere After the time he superintended tended the building of ot the frigate United States State and ond commanded her until she was retired from lIen lIen-l service e. e He Ile was the first senior officer with the time rank of commodore after the reorganization of the time navy In 1704 1791 and he died In Sen r ember 13 3 1803 1503 Every ery American knows that our national anthem The Time Star Span Banner Ballner was written during the British attack on Fort McHenry ry In the War of of 1512 but few v of ot them know that this fort was named for an Irish doctor James was born horn In Ireland November No No- vember 10 0 1723 crone came to America In 1771 studied under minder the celebrated celebrated cele cele- Dr Benjamin Hush of Philadelphia Pull Phil adelphia and on us the outbreak of the ne volunteered In the Continental a envy nil lie He served ld as lIS surgeon to a I regiment regiment regi regi- ment was wall mil made de a prisoner by the British when Fort was captured and was not exchanged until 1773 jiS lie He was then appointed secretary to Washington and from that time was a close friend of the corn commander r In chief who when he became President made secretary of war In 1700 iM lie He continued continued con con- In this position through the e administration of President John Adams retiring In to 1801 and dying In |