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Show rt? BY THE PRESIDENT''' Jw bull's Connecticut version of the general gen-eral feeTlng, "but the American who needa the pardon of his Britannic majesty is yet to be found." On the 22d of August, accordingly, General Howe put twenty thousand men ashore at Gravesend Bay. British Drive the Colonists. On the 27th, his arrangements for an overwhelming attack succeeding at every point, he drove the five thousand thou-sand Americans thrown out to oppose him back into their works upon the heights, with a loss of four hundred killed and wounded and a thousand taken. Still mindful of Bunker Hill, he would not storm the intrencbnients, ta which Washington himself had brought reinforcements which swelled his stre'ngth upon the heights to ten thousand He determined, instead, to draw lines of siege about them, and at his leisure take army, position, stores, and all. Washington Decides to Retreat. Washington, seeing at once what Howe intended, and how possible It was, decided to withdraw immediately, before a fleet should be in the river and his retreat cut off. It was a masterly piece of work. The British commander was as much astonished to see Brooklyn Heights empty on the mornini of August 30 as he had been to see Dorchester Heights occupied that memorable morning six months before. Washington had taken ten thousand men across that broad river, with all their stores and arms, in a single night, while a small guard kept up a sharp Are from the breastworks, and no sound of the retreat reached the dull ears of the British sentries. Washington's Army Demoralized. But the sharp fighting and bitter defeat of the 27th had sadly, even shamefully, demoralized Washington's raw troops, and he knew he must withdraw from New York. All through September and a part of October he held what he could of the Island, fighting for it almost mile by mile as he withdrv" now cut to the Installment 14 Washington was in his prime, and all the forty-three years of his strenu-oub strenu-oub life he had been at school to learn how such a task as this was to be performed. per-formed. He had found the army not only -without proper discipline and equipment, equip-ment, but actually without powder; wd the winter had come and was passing away before even that primary pri-mary and perilous need could be supplied. sup-plied. The men of that extemporized army had been enlisted but for a few months' service. When their brief terms of enlistment ran out they incontinently in-continently took themselves off; and "Washington's most earnest appeals to the continental and provincial congresses con-gresses to provide for longer enlistments enlist-ments and an adequate system of recruitment re-cruitment did not always suffice to prevent his force from perilously dwindling away under his very eyes. Providence Favors the Patriots. It was a merciful providence that disposed the British to lie quiet in Boston. Bos-ton. Such authority as he had, Washington Washing-ton used to the utmost, and with a diligence and foresight which showed all his old policy of Thorough. Under his orders a few fast vessels were fitted out and armed as privateers priva-teers at the nearest safe ports. Mar-blehead Mar-blehead volunteers in the army were put aboard them for crews, and the enemy's supplies were captured upon the seas and brought overland the much-needed powder and all into the American camp, while men-of-war which might have swept the coast lay just at hand In the harbor. Keeping Things Stirred Up. No opportunity was missed either to disturb the British or to get what the army needed; and the ministers at home, as well as the commanders in Boston, grew uneasy and apprehensive In the presence of so active and watchful watch-ful an opponent. He was playing the game boldly, .even a bit.desperately at times. More than once, as the slow months of siege dragged by, he would have hazarded .a surprise and sought to take the city .by storm, had not the counsel of his officers persistently restrained him. Fighting In the North. Only In the north was there such fighting as he wished to see. Montgomery had pushed through the" forests and taken Montreal (November (Novem-ber 12th, 1775). At the same time Washington had sent a force of some twelve hundred men, under Benedict Arnold, to see what could be done Against the little garrison at Quebec. The journey had cost Arnold four hundred hun-dred men; but with what he had left he had climbed straight to the Heights of Abraham and summoned the British at their gates. When they would neither surrender nor fight, he had sat down to wait for. Montgomery; and when he came, with barely five hundred men, had stormed the stout defenses, in a driving snowstorm, snow-storm, in tho black darkness that came just before the morning on the last day of the year. Had Montgomery Montgom-ery not been killed in tiie assault, the .surprise would have succeeded; and Washington Ready to Strike. With the first month of spring Washington determined to cut inactisn short and make a decisive stroke. He had been long enough with the army now to presume upon its confidence confi-dence and obedience, though he followed fol-lowed his counsels. Siege cannon can-non had been dragged through the unwilling forests all the way from Ticonderoga; the supplies and the time had come; and on the morning of the 5th of March, 1776, the British stared to see ramparts and cannon on Dorchester Heights. "It was like the work of the genii of Aladdin's wonderful lamp," declared one of their astonished officers. Occupies Dorchester Heights. Why they had themselves neglected to occupy the hills of Dorchester, and had waited so patiently till Washington Washing-ton should have time and such guns as he needed, was a question much pressed press-ed at home in England; and their stupidity stu-pidity was rewarded now They had suffered themselves to be amused all night by a furious cannonading cannon-ading out of Roxbury, Somervillo.. and East Cambridge, while two thousand men, a battery of heavy ordnance, and hundreds of wagons and ox-carts with timber, bales of hay, spades, crowbars, hatchets, hammers, and nails, had been gotten safely to the Dorchester hills. When they saw what had happened they thought of the assault upon Bunker's Bun-ker's hill, and hesitated what to do. A violent storm blew up while they waited, rendering an attack across the water impracticable, and when the calmer morning of the 6th dawned it was too late; the American position was too strong. Neither the town nor the harbor could safely be held under fire from Dorchester Heights. The British Evacuate. There was nothing for it but to evacuate the place, and no one gainsaid gain-said their departure. By the 17th they were all embarked, eight thousand troops and nine hundred hun-dred loyalist citizens of Boston, and had set sail towards the north for Halifax. Hal-ifax. They were obliged to leave behind be-hind them more than two hundred canr non and a great quantity of military stores of every kind 'powder, muskets, mus-kets, gun-carriages, small-arms whatever what-ever an army might need. When Washington established himself him-self in General Howe's headquarters, in Mrs. Edwards' comfortable lodging-house lodging-house at the head of State street, he could congratulate himself not only on a surprising victory brilliantly won, but on the possession, besides, of more powder and better stores and equipments equip-ments than he could have dreamed of in his camp at Cambridge. He caught up'Uiis landlady's little granddaughter one day, set her on his knee, as he liked to do, and asked her, smiling, which she liked the better, bet-ter, the redcoats or the provincials. "The redcoats," said the child. "Ah, my dear," said the young general, gen-eral, a blithe light in his blue eyes, "they look better, but they don't fight. The ragged fellows are the boys for fighting." Washington Leaves Boston. But he did not linger at Boston. He knew that its capture did not end, but only deepened, the struggle. Reinforcements would be poured out of England with the spring, and the next point of attack would unquestionably unques-tionably be New York, the key to the Hudson. Here again was a city flanked about on either hand by water, and commanded com-manded by heights the heights of Brooklyn. A garrison must be left in Boston, and New York must be held for the most part by a new levy, as raw, as ill organized and equipped, as factious, as uncertain in capacity and purpose, as that which had awaited his discipline and guidance before Boston. An Ever-Changing Army. It w-as an army always a-making and to be made. The sea was open, moreover. The British could enter the great harbor when they pleased. The insurgents had no naval force whatever with which to withstand them on the water. There were a score of points to be defended which were yet without defence on the long island where the town lay, and round about the spreading arms of the sea that enclosed it; and there were but eighteen thousand militia-men mustered mus-tered lor the formidable task, in the midst of an active loyalist population. popula-tion. The thing must be attempted nevertheless. never-theless. Vital to Hold the Hudson. The command of the Hudson would very likely turn out to be the command com-mand of the continent, and the struggle strug-gle was now to be to the death. It was too late to draw back. The royal authority had, in fact, been everywhere' openly thrown off, even In the middle colonies, where allegiance al-legiance and opinion hung still at so doubtful a balance. For Washington the whole situation must have seemed to be summed up In what had taken place in his own colony at home. Dunmore Raids and Destroys. Dunmore, when he fled to the men- of-war in the bay, had called upon all who were loyal to follow him; had even offered freedom to all slaves and servants ,who would enlist in the force he should collect for the purpose of "reducing the colony to a proper sense of its duty." Unable to do more, he had ravaged the coasts on either hand upon the bay, and had put men ashore within the rivers to raid and burn, making Norfolk, with its loyalist loyal-ist merchants, his headquarters and rendezvous. Driven thence by the provincial militia, he had utterly destroyed the town by fire, and was now refuged upon Gwynn's Island, striking when he could, as before, at the unprotected hamlets and plantations that looked everywhere out upon the water. Virginia's only executive, these nine months and more, had been her committee com-mittee of safety, of which Edmund Pendleton was president. Carolina Declares Independence. Washington had hardly begun his work of organization and defence at New York before North Carolina (April 12, 1776) authorized her delegates dele-gates in the congress at Philadelphia to join in a declaration of independence; independ-ence; and the next month (May 15) the congress advised the colonies to give over all show and pretence of waiting for or desiring peace or accommodation; ac-commodation; to form complete and independent governments of their own, and so put an end to "the exercise of every kind of authority under the crown." The next step was a joint Declaration Declara-tion of Independence, upon a motion made in congress by Richard Henry Lee, in eager obedience to the express bidding of a convention met in the hall of the Burgesses at Williamsburg, to frame a constitution for Virginia. Many Still Unconvinced. His motion was adopted by the votes of every colony , except New York. It was a bitter thing to many a loyal man in the colonies to see such things done, and peace rendered impossible. im-possible. Not even those who counted themselves among the warmest friends of the colonial cause were agreed that it was wise thus to throw off one government gov-ernment before another was put in its place while there was as yet no better bet-ter guidance in that districted time than might be had from a body of gentlemen in Philadelphia who possessed pos-sessed no power but to advise. But the radicals were in the saddle. sad-dle. Washington for No Compromise. Washington himself came down from ,New York to urge that the step be taken. He deemed such radicalism wise; for he wished to see compromise compro-mise abandoned, and all minds set as sternly as his own in the resolve to fight the fight out to the bitter end. "I have never entertained an idea of an accommodation," he said, "since I heard of the measures which were adopted in consequence of the Bunker's Bunk-er's Hill fight"; and his will hardened to the contest after the fashion that had always been characteristic of him when once the heat of action was upon up-on him. Tories Make Difficulties. He grew stem, and spoke sometimes some-times with a touch of harshness, in the presence of his difficulties at New York; because he knew that they-were they-were made for him in no small part by Americans who were in the British Brit-ish interest, and whom he scorned even while scrupulous to be just in what he did to thwart and master them. "It requires more serenity of temper, tem-per, a deeper understanding, and more courage than fell to the lot of Marlborough Marl-borough to ride in this whirlwind," said John Adams; and the young commander-in-chief had them all. But his quiet was often that of a metal at white heat, and he kindled a great fire with what he touched. No strength of will, however, could suffice to hold New Yuk and its open harbor against a powerful enemy with such troops as Washington could drill and make between April and July. On the 2Sth of June British transports trans-ports began to gather in the lower bay. Within a few days they had brought thirty thousand men armed and equipped as no other army had ever been in America. British Hold Staten Island. It was impossible to prevent their landing and they were allowed to take possession of Staten island unopposed. Men-of-war pessed untouched through the Narrows, vnd made their way at will up the bi. &d Hudson, unhurt by the batteries u ion either shore. General How remembered Dorchester Dorches-ter and Cbarlestown Heights, and directed di-rected his first movement against Washington's intrenched position on $he bills of Brooklyn, where quite half the American army lav. For a little space he waited till his brother. Admiral Ad-miral Lord Howe, should come to act with him in negotiation and command. com-mand. Lord Howe Offers Pardon. Lord Howe was authorized to offer pardon for submission, and very honorably hon-orably used a month and luore of good fighting time in learning that the colonists had no desire to be pardoned. pardon-ed. "No doubt we all need pardon from heaven for our manifold sins and transgressions," was Governor Trum- quick and aflame with almost uncontrollable uncon-trollable anger to see what cowards his men could be; again heartened to see them stand and hold their ground like men, even in the open. The most that he could do was to check and thwart the powerful army pressing steadily upon his front and the free fleet threatening his flanks. He repulsed the enemy at Harlem Heights (September 16); he kept his ground before them at White Plains, despite the loss of an outpost at Chat-terton Chat-terton Hill (October 28); he might possibly have foiled and harassed them 'the winter through had not General Gen-eral Green suffered a garrison of three thousand of the best-trained men in the .army to be penned up and taken with a great store of artillery and small arms besides, in Fort Washington, Washing-ton, on the island (November 16). After such a blow there was nothing for it but to abandon the Hudson and retreat through New Jersey. Dark Days for Patriots. His generals growing insubordinate, insubordi-nate, Washington could not even collect col-lect his divisions and unite his forces in retreat. His men deserted by the score: whole companies took their way homeward as their terms of enlistment en-listment expired with the closing of the year; barely three thousand men remained with him by the time he had reached Princeton. (TO BE CONTINUED.) Arnold had no came to be ashamed of . the gallant affair. Failure though it was, it heartened the treops beforo Postun to think what mu,ht bo done under such officers. Mrs. Washington Visits Camp. The monotony of the long, anxious reason was broken at Cambridge by a touch now and again of such pleasures pleas-ures as spoke of home and gracious peace. In midwinter Mrs. Washington had driven into camp, come all the way from Virginia, with proper escort In her coach and four, her horses bestridden be-stridden by black postilions in their livery of scarlet and white; and she had seemed to bring with her to the homely place not only the ceremonious cere-monious habit, but the genial and hospitable hos-pitable air of Virginia as well. Many a quiet entertainment at headquarters head-quarters coaxed little ease of mind out of the midst of even that grim and trying wiutetV work while she was there |