Show p T pitr TACT fe i t jf released sed through courtesy of the utah landmarks associate building salt lake baity city utah tall by bli charles arles kelly trustee iru trustee stee independence Missour miss iten ten miles i east of 0 kansas city was hi 1846 the gathering place tor for emigrants bound tor for oregon california of 0 santa ye re independence at present a of quiet rural town was in those hose days a greal babel on the edge of a wilderness here might be seen mexicans span aard lards trappers traders indians santa fe wagons oxen oxen mules horses and almost every bert of people and equipment the connera donn era were originally from illinois but vie like aliers others reorganized at independence handmade and made that place their starting polia point for california in 1846 T there h r waa waa lib ho particular discussion regard regarding regarda 1 tle the soutelo rou route telo lo 10 be taken until old fort larame was readied reached at ai this poin tand along the iha roid road farther west the party debated abated whether they should go by forti hall or follow the hustings hastings route as it was called clyman and others advised the them to ito go by the regular 4 route via fort Fori hall Zall but in spite 4 of all these warnings a portion of the donner pary decided to try tl the lo 10 new nev route lansford W V hastings left independence end ence a week or I 1 ten days dayd ahead of 0 the donner party acting as a guide to the russell ond and bryabt party the the donner party hurried on with all possible speedy speeds following hastings trail fro from m fort foit bridger through echo the he trail apparently led through ahr 0 ugh weber webe r canyon I 1 in the last na named m ed canyon however a note from hastings was found advising the emi emig granat ranst not to proceed by way of weber canyon canyo n and vaguely outlining another route the information however was so BO indefinite that three men me reed stanton and pike hurried on land and 0 overtook vert ok hastings at the south end of great salt lake hastings refused to go go back and act as aa guide but did dl take a member berof of the donner doaner party io the sumo sumi tolton the mountains and pointing to pilot peik peak indicated the route which must be taken across the desert in the meantime the horses used by reed stanton Sia riton and pike hid had given out the these semen men returned to donner party more dead than alive the donner donnen party had no hopes of eyer ever seeing them again akgain the donner party then thien turned ott off at hemeter He xi neter enefer and made a road through f main canyon and over dig big mountain F and little mountain into salt lalie f valley val ey they reorganized their forces on the present site alte of salt lake city and thought that their troubles were over but in reality they had hadj just begun near the present site of garfield death visited the party and took from from its midst luke luhe halloran a consumptive who went west for his health halloran hallor n was a member of the ma sonic hodga of st joseph missouri some odthe of the donner party were also members of the ibe order Hali halloran oran was waa very popular and out oui of respect to his memory the wagons were arranged in respectful formation and an impressive but sad ceremony was beside the grave of john hargrave a member of the party just ahead which was guided by hastings on the dah of september they reached twenty wells near grants ville I 1 where they found good water aej and grassi grass wear near they turned south and again west near josepa crossed skull valley and pulled over hastings pass in the moun ans they picked up a mutilate ed note from hastings which indicated that two days and two nights night of hard traveling would wo id carry them across the salt desert on september esth the donner party sted and nd fed lani mals and early on the ath they began what they thought was a drive of fifty miles at this 9 time the company numbered number pd eighmy seven about halt half of whom were women and small children those in advance traveled all day and all night of the eth and alth and until ten k on the night of the before peak was reached the presumed forty eight hours j lengthened into sixty tour four and the distance seventy five miles instead 0 of as Indi indicated cited by hastings pr or fifty as some of them had calculated less fortunate members of the party cerebe were be hind them on the salt salt desert without water and with exhausted or dead oxen reeds reed cattle stampeded and were neverseen never Been again the Xio pioneer neer palace carli car a magnificent emigrant wagon belonging to reed heed was jef eft t in the mud jacob ponner donner and Xe keseberg als also 0 left one wagon wagon eadi each on the desert after i heroic effort and suffering buffering the entire party was brought safely tu to pilot peak peake from pilot peak the party turned south and struck hum boadt bol dt wells at Cra gravelly velly ford a six alx lx mils mile favorable stretch of therum chii allum boldt near the present town of be kwawe dissection dis sention occurred and one of 0 their members killea another after numerous other incle including ding troi trouble ible wun with 1 the f W the party passed clo close to the present site of reno and over the pass to todon donner ner lalie lake with butters blutters port fort as the objective cb etive an attempt was made to reach ile the summit but the party returned to their camp at donner conner lake Lakel to reorganize when they awoke the following morning a snowfall had occurred notwithstanding this another attempt was made to cross which resulted in another failure A A very heavy snowfall occurred on the third i day day and the party was vias marooned tor for the winter without supplies some ot of the members made an attempt to reach fort sutter butter and of these a considerable number per perished fahed in the snow between donner lake and fort sutter utter butter made heroic attempts and organized expedition after expedition for their relief and was able to supply hem with many provisions only forty tour four of the eighty seven who crossed cir ossed the salt saat desert lived to seo see the el dorado of aliel their hopes I 1 it would be preposterous to presume that hastings was waa not moved by the buffering ring and death of these people and their failure since it was his ambition to settle california with adherence guided by him hastings was obsessed i with the idea of tab g an a n on anthe the mast coast with himself atthe at the head his judgement jud gement regarding the practicability ot of the route was and atter after the don tier rier tragedy it was no longer followed the ot of the tragedy ot of death was iwas laid bald at at donner lake ijane but the trouble experienced experience il before reaching salt lake valley and those which occurred on the salt desert were the urt un deriving causes for or the delay no party ot of emi emigrants granta was waa entirely free from misfortune and many of them lt feied seye severely rely the advertising and promotion work of hastings the of members of the party stories of cannibalism the persecution of keseberg Re and the enterprise enter se of mcglashan ot of truckee california 17 t collecting relies relics jand and publishing a huntsi e ot of the tragedy have made it most noted baity of oa emigrants wo who 64 versed afie west i if THE NATIONAL N PARKS PARK AND THEIR RELATION TO THE FUTURE OF ERN UTAH the article given below Is an address given by E T scoven supt bupt of national parks paries of utah at a meeting of the lions club at kanab K acab recently although I 1 expect the facts are well known to nearly every one present I 1 than think it will be veil to open this I 1 paper with a discussion of just eliy irl ly we hayo such things thing sas as national parks arks th rought the country and to consider a few of the principals behind the operations and policies the impression Is quite general gener a I 1 in most quarters qu aXters that th national park Is something new in land manage went trent something which has only started up in the last few fe years to meet the demands of a nation which has haa turned to out of door recreation to an astounding a extent however the national park ide represents the oldest policy of land conservation otti off I 1 dally recognized by the principals which have ever guided the major movements of 0 park adminis strat str atlon lon were first enacted into law when yellowstone Yellow atone was created in 1872 irmay it may be of interest to note in passing that of the 23 national parks la in existence toay six alx were created before 1900 sli between betwee a 1900 and 1910 tour four between bet we 1910 and the end ot of the world war and seven elace that i time with farthi r re frence to the tha latter figure of 0 f seven sevea since the war it choul be kept in mind that two ot of tills this group were withdrawn as aa nation 41 a monuments in 1918 and their real entry into be park family should be that date instead I 1 ot when the law was aPP approved royed it is therefore safe safa to state billat illat that 18 13 of the 23 national Natio ail parka were in exl sance before the worm war wa aarand rand and 11 14 of them wora ra either elther in I 1 n a park 40 for r monument M on U m e n t status at atu S before 1910 thero Is a distinct itea tendency dency especially among grassing graSsl ng interests td d accuse tho national park system of having undergone 1 a tremendous tremon dous expansion cance the war var it has hai r libel been a habit to lo judge the increase in num bers a and n d area of the national parks tile the last few years by the amount of increased interest they have drawn low ilow I however 0 ver whelo when yoi const consider dir the abod figures as representing the growth ol 01 i the parks parka instead instead ofa 01 the e fact that park visitors have increased from ito to per year and park dark ap atlo a a from about to per yearl year I 1 in the isal last twelve years an aa en entirely different story la is brought aut the national park alsa Is a peculiar type of government reservation itis it Is also the one one distinct contribution of the people of the united states stages to land the principle of wilderness preservation tor for the benefit and enjoyment of the Is an american principle after originating this idealistic idea we benito went to work with characteristic american energy and developed to a point where it has attracted the interest of other nations and alid we now find parks with our own national parks as models Is being established in ciany different nations I 1 I 1 sald said the fundamental tunde mental park policy Is peculiar by ahls I 1 merely mean that we wd have gone be beyond y ond accepted policies of land conservation previously in use conservation of our forests and other resources la Is a factor which we can trace back almost to the dawn ot of civilization when we say that we are conserving our forests tor for instance this implies that they will ie be protected until the proper time ar rives ilves for or their utilization regular channels of commerce and under such conditions that the species can be perpetuated by new growth however in the parks weare we are attempting to preserve the forests fores tb which means that they will go be left to grow until finally destroyed des dea royed by their natural enemies and in many pases cases we will give them protection against these not only do we intend to 0 try and preserve OUT our forests in tiie the parks but this same policy goes on down the line to include every everything tiling we have trees grubs shrubs flowers grasp streams waterfalls m mountains and many other factors actors including all forms ot of wild life go to make up the landscapes in the park and alymust all must be protected tor for preservation within their life cycles the above statement represents the ideal condition but due to many other factors we cannot always follow exactly on the line of this ideal 1 I however we ere are ea earnestly trying to jcurry carry out the spirit ot of the idea and I 1 think we kaari are very iery successful in put 1 ting all fa facts acts in their proper place our most difficult problem la Is to try and balance the public use of the parks against the idea of wilderness preservation however by careful planning and through an intelligent understanding on the part of our american people we know that the situation prevents no difficulty just how we are bringing about aboud a full public use of the recreation recreational ai and educational cat ional advantages of the park and at the same time preserving our wilderness setting Is a subject which would take another evening to discuss we have biow now touched very jrie briefly fly on the for setting I 1 aside national parks parka ind and the policies which underlie administration I 1 am now anticipating the question which has no doubt already formed in your minds why should the government iset eat aside such large areas of linds lands tor for a peculiar purpose and just how can such a policy of land mafia management gement overwork ever work to ilie the benefit ot of anybody especially local residents ot of southern utah the quickest wiy way to answer that question Is probably to go out and see what others think of the value of a national park in the first place it should be distinctly understood tt that not every seeton of a state and in many cases not every state Is fortunate to have resources which are capable of being being used as national parks in order to be considered tor for park status a land aha area must contain either scientific or features so unusual or striking or such perfect examples of they are capable of commanding national and even international interest congressman Cramp crampton tan of michigan an outstanding champion of 0 the national parks haa stated it it ye well when lie he remarked that the word national park when applied to any area should have the same significance as the word sterling when stamped on sll all yer another distinguished pei aon has called calle dibe the parks them the Rem brandts of oc nature it if I 1 remember correctly there were 14 bills before the last secession sees sion of congress to create national natto ns 1 parks I 1 also believe that our service was on record as being opposed to all but two of these it can hardly be said bald I 1 that we were selfish in oui oui opposition as we have jurisdiction however we feel that it Is our duty to lo keep up tile the high stand ardd which have been required I 1 for admission with butow but fow 0 exceptions cIt lons to tle national nall park system ilithe in the past However however when iva we rome to the value ol of the te park to abe area in which it happens happ enri to be located this nver never ending introduction of 0 bills tor for the creation of ot new national parks la significant it if there were we some actual cash value involved groups and organizations in au all parts ot of the country would not be trying so BO desperately pera tely to have a park operating in their vICInIty 4 congress has just authorized new barid parka in several ofine atthe eastern sta hash stages es due to id the fa fact ct the country has been ben settled so many years most of 0 the land lain pr private ownership As a condition tor for il thio areas becoming parks thelah specifies that this lland jand must be purchased and turned over to the g government overn ment in case there are any persons present who feel that a park has ano no value to the local people and the state diate in which tt is located it should be ba interesting te to tor them to know thit that these states are attempting to rabi infill millions ons of 0 dollars to meet thial situatiOn not only this they have already succeeded in raising a great part of the needed amounts the legislature sla ture ol of I 1 th the estate |