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Show THE per cent bonds, for which he paid | something in excess of par, so that he is actually getting a return of about 2% per cent on his money. He does not have to pay any federal income tax on this annual income from the bonds, and he does not have to pay any local tax to the state of Maryland. NATIONAL AFFAIRS , 2° Reviewed by CARTER FIELD St. Lawrence seaway treaty still faces almost ‘solid opposition in the senate... Elimination of tax-exempt bonds won't open up a great new source of revenue... Not beef, but linseed oil, it was that killed the trade agreement with Argentina. WASHINGTON. — The obvious’ fact, to any newspaper man conscientiously canvassing the senate, that no treaty providing for a St. Lawrence seaway can possibly win the two-thirds majority necessary to ratification, creates continued speculation among those familiar with the senate situation as to why President Roosevelt is pushing negotiations looking to such a treaty now. Let’s imagine that those bonds, under the new dispensation, are no longer tax-exempt. In order to market them, the city would have to sell them on at least a 4 per cent basis. The man’s income would jump up, on paper, and he would pay just about the difference between his new income and his old income in additional taxes. Based on Value to Investor Grain Producers Exert There has not been a President elected since the St. Lawrence seaway idea began to appeal to the Northwest who has not announced during his campaign that he favored it. The first pressure came from the grain producers who were prom- ised that the seaway would save them a substantial freight charge on shipments to Liverpool, the world’s - wheat market. No one ever claimed seriously that the seaway was economically sound—that is that it would be able to charge enough tolls on shipping, plus the production of electricity, to pay for itself. That is, no economist or cost accounting expert ever did. But it was not necessary to prove anything to farmers except Of the Tax-Exempt Element This is true—on the average—because the price at which tax-exempt bonds can be sold, or more accurately the interest return on money put into tax-exempt bonds, is figured absolutely on the value to the investor of this tax-exempt element. an obvious advance in wheat prices if the cost of moving the wheat to Liverpool could be cut. This argument can still be made, though the fact is that the seaway is further from being economically sound today than ever, due to the heavy falling off in grain exports. On the other hand, a curious fear of another of the seaway’s effects has grown up in the very section of the country which a few years ago was so strong for it. This is fear of manufacturers in the Great Lakes territory that the seaway would bring cheap European competition right to their doors. This, of course, is not worrying the farmers. But whatever the Northwest may want, the Atlantic coast senators are not going to vote for the St. Lawrence seaway. Dropping Tax-Exempt Bonds Wont Open Up Great Revenue Against the New Deal objective of eliminating tax-exempt bonds there is very little that can be said. Every President for many years has wished that it could be done, but until Franklin D. Roosevelt, all have thought it impossible. It still looks pretty tough, but high New Dealers, including the President and Attorney General Robert H. Jackson, are insisting now that it will be accomplished. But its accomplishment will by no means achieve the results which are generally claimed ‘in political speeches. It will not, for instance, open up the tremendous new source of revenue, both for the federal government and the states and cities, that most speakers claim. Most of the difference after tax exempts have passed into history will be a bookkeeping change rather than a real increase in revenue. For example, a man now holds $100,600 of City of Baltimore three down. This is far from meaning that it has failed so far as the hopes of its friends are concerned. Actually much more progress has been made Cordell Hull _ than the mest optimistic of Cordell Hull’s lieutenants dreamed when the first negotiations started. It must be remembered that the tremendous list of agreements now in effect will run on until their vari- ous expiration dates whether con- gress renews the power to make new agreements or not. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that it is the present fight on the treaties on Capitol Hill which has tied the hands of the state department in making new agreements, Copper Producing States Ganged on State Department It will be remembered that senators from all the copper producing states ganged up on the state department when they heard that the duty on copper might be cut in half by the agreement under negotiation at the time with Chile. So formidable was this opposition that Secretary Hull promptly announced that copper would not be included. _ This ‘was certain to stir up activity on the part of other interests which might be frightened by pending reciprocal trade agreements. The prompt development concerned linseed oil, which is crushed from flaxseed. Now the amazing part of this linseed oil story is that flax is not an important agricultural product in this country. We actually import linseed oil in quantities, always have, and, so far as one may judge the future, always will. During the depth of the farm depression the department of agriculture called at- tention to the farmers of the coun- try to the fact that there was an overproduction of every single farm product in this country except flax. Nevertheless, there has been no great turning of our farmers to the production of flax. Which is curious because representatives from the few states which produce flax were able to get the duty on linseed oil boosted in the last tariff bill. Yet there has been no important increase in the acres put into fiax as a result of this greater measure of protection. The same polical forces which forced the tariff boost have now been able to scare the state department into refusing to consider letting the Argentines sell us more linseed oil! (Bell Syndicate—WNU Service.) MOAB, UTAH U. S. Guards Its Strategic Resources While ‘Haves’ Fight With “Have Nots’ By PETER BECK (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) ASHINGTON. — When Adolf Hitler initiated his eighth year as Nazi Reichs- fuehrer, he asserted, inthreatening the Allies with total By LEMUEL war, that this was ‘‘a social war between nations, in which the world.”’ (Consolidated For, scattering of generous supplies of mineral and vegeearth and ers woefully leaving barren, oth- Nature created a world of ‘‘haves’’ and “have-nots’’ and war has been going on somewhere ever since. Against daily reports of the pinch European nations are feeling because of blockades, there stands in relief a more encouraging picture for Uncle Sam. U. S. Pretty Well Off. ‘America is. self-sustaining to a degree *nearly equaling the total of “the six other great powers’’ in the essentials to ‘‘a comfortable standard of living,’’ according to Lieut. Col. H. D. Rogers, chief of the commodities division, office of the assistant secretary of. war. These essentials, Colonel Rogers writes in Army ordnance, are: Foods, fibers, power, iron and steel, machinery, chemicals, coal and petroleum. The U. S. has one-third to onehalf the world’s wealth and does one-half its work, Colonel Rogers says. The average American workman has 13% horsepower at his command, those of some other countries less than one. For this reason he estimates the American workman to be worth two French or Italian workmen, nearly two Germans, or three and one-half Russians. Inventive genius and industrial science have cured many of America’s material deficiencies and are working to cure what few there remain today. The army commodities division, according to Colonel Rogers, now lists only 17 materials as “‘strategic,’”’ a far smaller number than that listed by other nations. These are manganese ore, tin, chrome ore, tungsten, antimony, manila fiber, nickel, quartz crystal, quinine, rubber, silk, mica, mercury, aluminum, coconut-shell char, optical glass and wool. Plenty of Aluminum. Not all of these are cause for general alarm. Aluminum, for instance, is perhaps the least ‘‘strategic’’ of all. Maj. G. A. Roush, writing in Military Engineer, states that there is no question of the ability of the reserves to meet even emergency demands. Some geologists have estimated that a considerable supply of high grade bauxite (ore of aluminum) is still available here as a result of the long-established policy of Aluminum Company of America to conserve .its Arkansas deposits for times of emergency. Although the U. S. was completely self-sufficient in bauxite during the World war, the richer Arkansas supplies were heavily drawn upon, causing the company to begin importing increasing amounts, until today more than 60 per cent of its bauxite comes from Dutch Guiana, leaving literally millions of tons of varying grade in Arkansas. However, in any great emergency, no great difficulty is anticipated in policing the ship lane from Dutch Guiana, especially since any American defense program must include defense of the Panama canal. Manganese Safeguarded. Even in the case of manganese, which authorities have labeled stra- industry. : provingly. Effective May 1, a new trainauto service will be inaugurated by 11 leading western railroads in 150. key cities. It works this way: Vacationists bound for a distant destination can leave the car at home, riding comfortably by train to a key point within easy driving distance. There they can rent a modern five-passenger sedan at a nominal rate, galavant around the surrounding country as much as they like, and return home again by train. Hugh W. Siddall, al executive in charge of the plan, calls it ‘‘the railroads’ answer to the prayer of the traveler who likes the mobility of an automobile at certain points, but dislikes driving long intermediated distances.”’ The train-auto combination is expected to be especially popular with traveling salesmen, who can make advance reservations, be he 38 years to fatne. We cite The master clock which ticked off his higher plant of destiny the hung in Westinghouse company in Pittsburgh. It was a highly reputable old clock, but Mr. Conrad didn’t altogether trust it. He and another employee made a bet as to which had the more accurate watch, through a week of time-keeping. Mr. Conrad refused to accept the decision of the office clock. In an unused garage near his home at Wilkinsburg, he rigged a crude receiving apparatus to catch time signals from the naval station at Arlington, Va. He caught them, but he also caught some added starters which he could not at first explain. Em: ploying a primitive directionfinding device, he located them as apparently springing from a slag heap about a bleck away. He didn’t find the source there, but he did find it a few steps farther on with one John Coleman, among the lonely impresarios of the first feeble birth cries of radio. - \ tegic material No. 1, developments of the last few years have greatly reduced the possible danger of loss of supplies. While it is true that ‘domestic production from the low grade ores which are available in 38 states is not being undertaken on anything like a scale equal to the demands of the American steel industry, the Cuban-American Manganese corporation, an Americanfinanced company, has perfected a flotation process for concentrating Cuban ores, which are similar to many of the American low grade Ores. Most authorities feel that shipments. of rubber from the Far East are likely to be regular under almost any conditions that can be visualized at this time.. Meanwhile, S. L. Brous, a. qualified engineer of the B. F. Goodrich company, writing in India Rubber World, recently stated that with the expenditure of $30,000,000 on a high-speed research program to develop synthetic rubbers the United States could in one year be made independent of foreign supplies of natural rubber. Nation Makes Optical Glass. Lammot du Pont, president of E. I. du Pont De Nemours and Company, says that, thanks to American scientists, this country is now producing optical glass second to none, whereas in 1914 we were dependent upon Europe for this vital material needed in the manufacture of various instruments. Science has made us independent today in materials which were strategic in the past, he points out: We now take nitrates from the air, recover potash from HICAGO.—American railroads, having watched painfully while the automobile sliced a big percentage from their total passenger revenues, have decided to fight this competition with—of all things—automobiles. And the traveling public,® which sees merit in both the met at the train by a representaaE was the our own deposits; make our own dyes through organic chemistry, and produce our own camphor synthetically. No one can tell how soon other materials will be removed from the strategic list by science. The Texas Mining and Smelting company now has a plant at Laredo, Texas, designed to make more effective use of antimonial ores from nearby Mexico. Constant experiments are being conducted to improve the nation’s output of mercury, tungsten and other materials. One reason lief that for the optimistic science will find ways be- of supplying our deficiencies in strategic materials is that progress of American civilization makes demands entirely apart from the requirements of defense. To quote Colonel Rogers again, ‘‘It is practically impossible to name a raw material which has a strictly military use, and the same, can be said of many manufactured articles.” Great Men in Exile: Ex-Polish Leaders Claimed by Oblivion ARIS. — While Poland’s government-in-exile continues its ghost-like existence here, the triumvirate which a few months ago led the Warsaw government has become forgotten in obscurity. Marshal Edward SmiglyRidz, the bald-headed, artis- ; in northern Rumania recalling bitterly how his army of 2,000,000 men collapsed overnight before the Nazi onslaught. Smigly-Ridz has been charged with fleeing Poland while his troops still fought, a rumor which the Germans used to advantage in stamping out the last phases of Polish resistance. nods thouch of ClockWatcher Dr. Frank Conrad, the ‘father of radio broadcasting,”’ recently. awarded the gold medal of the American institute for his ‘‘guiding genius in developing the world’s first radio broadcasting system.”’ To Combat— Yes, Automobile! auto, Service.) Alger’s Theory reer routed him tic commander-in-chief now lives in isolation on an estate and F. PARTON Features—WNU a Setback °4 andjust hada been clock-puncher instead of a watcher before this hair-pin turn in his ca- Railroads to Adopt Automobile railroad For Dressing Tube. Gets UR position in agriculture requires a smaller percentage of our population than other nations, 4 leaving the bulk of our _workers free to engage in table resources in some spots of the Skirts EW YORK.—It is pleasant, , indeed, to get something on Horatio Alger. Here’s a boy who won his way to eminence by watching lock, al- It was an excuse as old as the first caprice Mother Nature. Glamorous WHO’S NEWS THIS WEEK the have-nots are fighting the haves for a new division of So both the federal government and states or smaller taxing units would have to pay higher interest rates on their borrowings, and then would coliect the money back in higher tax returns, on the average making very little difference. Why then all the opposition to The President was asked forthoutlawing tax exempts? right and avoided an answer. ReFor the simple reason contained. plying to an inquiry by Mrs. Elizain that word ‘‘average.’’ In the first beth May Craig, who represents a’ place, individual states, cities and string of newspapers in Maine, the counties think they get the best of President first thought it was a leftthe deal as compared with the fedhanded effort to gain some light as eral government. They think that to his plans for a third term. Then men and women with very large inhe assumed that Mrs. Craig wanted comes buy their securities in order to know why he had not started the _to dodge the top brackets of federal fight sooner. income taxes. And they are right. What most of the correspondents, They do not worry about their own not to mention nearly all the senaresulting tax losses because they see tors, would like to know is why he only the big investment in their local is pushing a fight which he must bonds by rich men and women in know will wind up—if it ever reaches cities outside their own taxing the senate at all—in a crushing power. They do not see tabulations defeat. of their own residents who own fedLast time, in March, 1934, the eral bonds, partly to escape federa) treaty had just three favorable taxation, but also local taxation. votes from Atlantic Not Beef, Linseed Oil, coast states. These were those of SenaKilled Argentine Trade Pact tors... Ellison... D. The actual rock on which the reSmith and James cent negotiations between the UnitF. Byrnes of South ed States and the Argentine repubCarolina, and Senalic split was not beef, canned or tor Fred H. Brown otherwise, as commonly supposed, of New Hampshire. but linseed oil. When the U. S. neBrown was defeatgotiators made it clear that they ed in 1938 by Senawould not cut the tariff on linseed tor Charles W. Tooil in half if under the new rate bey, a Republican, Argentina could export all the linwho is far more inJ. F. Byrnes seed oil she could sell to this counterested in what try, but would insist on a quota, the might happen to Portsmouth by trafArgentines threw up their hands. fic being diverted to the St. LawThere has been not even a hint since rence than in the power plans of the of reopening the discussion for a President. reciprocal trade agreement. In 1934, when that other vote was In fact, it began to look as though, had, Senator Byrnes was regarded regardless of what .action congress as one of the closest men personally may take about exto the President in the entire sentending the power ate. This is still true. But his colof the President to league, Cotton Ed Smith, was one make these agreeof those whom the President tried ments, the program to purge. has about bogged Pressure in Northwest TIMES-INDEPENDENT, tive with the car, and complete their business in a fully insured and maintained vehicle. Executives point to the time saving features, maintaining that long-distance travelers can complete the long part of their trip more quickly and comfortably than by automobile. The system was evolved by an organization headed by Edward O’She and R. H. Rogers of Lincoln, Neb., pioneer automobile operators. Negotiations still are under way with other western roads and it is expected that eventually the auto service will be available in practically every town of 10,000 population or more throughout the West and South. Most of his time the marshal spends walking aimlessly about his palace grounds, finding no comfort even in painting—for he is an artist in his own right. Josef Beck, the dynamic little for: eign minister of Poland-that-was, lives in a swank tuberculosis sanitarium in central Rumania. - Less than a year ago the world rocked when he defied Chancellor Hitler; today Beck is an unknown. When his government was forced to flee Poland, Beck rushed to Cernauti, Rumania, and announced its reorganization there. But Rumania quickly put a stop to this violation of its neutrality, and Josef Beck became another private citizen. Likewise, former President Ignace chosen because they offered maxi- Moscicki, a kindly, studious old man who left Poland immediately after the war began. He resigned shortly after the Nazi conquest to facilitate reorganization of Poland-in-exile at Paris. Ailing, he took treatments in mum carrying capacity sengers and luggage. to join his wife in Switzerland, where The cars will look exactly like privately owned autos and will be replaced with new models each year. Five passenger sedans were for pas- Rumania and was finally permitted he lives in complete retirement. That was in 1912. Mr. Conrad incidentally won the bet on his $5, watch against its $40 rival, but he forgot all about mere time signals. He and Coleman teamed their researches and began filtering ghostly phonograph recordings through the intervening slag heap. The rest is an old story—the historic KDKA Harding broadcast, Dr. Coleman’s 200 radio patents, his honorary doctorate from the University of Pittsburgh and his award of the Liebman, Edison, John Scott, and Lamme medals. He is still curious and will take a sharp look at anything interesting or important, which alertness has led him into diligent research in botany, biology and astronomy. has a lined, leathery face, gray hair and, naturally, watchful eyes. —— He steelever- Ee THERE are any good ball players among the European refugees, they can get good jobs and nice pay in the Caribbean league, worki General Trajilla 2) ea After Playersfor Caribbean Team can republic. accused National Leonidas Trui110 boss of the Domini- He has been angrily of raiding the Negro league, Pittsburgh Crawfords American and the have been mourning that no dark-skinned _shortstop is safe when the general starts building up his infield. The little, brown, diligent head-man of Santo Domingo is unpredictable. Since he took power 10 years ago, the junta of exiles here has been stacking him up as another Hitler. But just now, he signs a contracr admitting 500 families of exiles from Germany and Poland, do- nates them 24,000 acres of land and says. provision will be made for 100,000 additional settlers in the future. The contract grants citizenship to the newcomers and pledges their freedom from ‘‘molestation, discrimination or persecution.”’ He was a farm boy who learnea fighting and ball-playing with the marines, during an eight-year period, ending in 1924 with the end of occupation. He’s a fast shortstop. In the Dominican army he romped up through grades from private to general. In 1930, he/tipped over old President Velasquez and took the country. In the framework of a democracy, he made himself a 100 per cent dictator and his enemies admit that he has made a tidy little nation out of a jungle. He put the opposition in jail. He has the cleanest of the LatinAmerican countries and boasts that there is neither crime nor unemployment in Sarto Domingo. He decreed that all automobiles should have lettered on their license plates, ‘Viva Trujillo!’’ He also had con‘ress officially proclaim him, ‘‘ben sfactor of the fatherland.”’ He has a beautiful residentia! espatrolled night and day by gate, he army, and three country estates. vyhere meals are served on sched le, as he has implanted: the tradi on that he is apt to appear any -here, any time—and he really is Pattern 6459 HE glamour of a dressing table can easily be yours. Clear directions for four different dressing table skirts—economical yardages—directions for adapting any table are all in this practical pattern. Pattern 6459 contains instructions for making four dressing tables; materials needed; pattern of scallops and rounded edge. To obtain this pattern send 15 cents in coins to The Sewing Circle Household Arts Dept., 259 W. 14th St., New York, N. Y. Please write your name, address and pattern number plainly. | Wise and Otherwise Logic is something you use to prove the other fellow wrong. When a fellow says “no man is perfect” you may be pretty sure he asn’t married a widow and hear about her first husband. Nothing -succeeds. like success. But failure succeeds as often. It takes two to make a bargain— but usually only one gets it. A doctor’s pills might cure some ills, but not ill-humor. Give a revue producer an inch, says Marjorie, and he’s } got costumes for the whole chorus. Largest Open-Air Theater The Roman theater at Vienne, France, is said to be the largest open-air theater in the world. Built some 2,000 years ago, it was unknown to the present generation until a railroad wreck dislodged some earth and revealed the upper tier of seats. Archeologists excavated and the ancient theater was uncovered. It has now been restored has a seating spectators. HOW ARE YOUR . EMCEE capacity of . and 9,000 NERVES i SOS) Cranky? Restless? Can’t sleep? Tire easily? ‘Worried due to female functional disorders? Then try Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound famous for over 60 years in helping such weak, rundown, nervous women. Start today! Clear Gain Whatever happens beyond exe pectation should be counted clear gain.—Terence. ee Beware Coughs from common colds. That Hang On Creomulsion relieves =i be=- cause it goes right to the seat of the trouble to loosen germ laden phlegm, increase secretion and aid nature to soothe and heal raw, tender, inflamed bronchial mucous membranes. No matter how many medicines you have tried, tell your druggist to sell you a bottle of Creomulsion with the understanding that you are to like the way it quickly allays the cough. or you are to have your money back. CREOMULSION for Coughs, Chest Colds, Bronchitis Y BUREAU OF STANDARDS : @A BUSINESS ‘ organization which wants to get the most for the money sets up standards by which to judge what is offered to it, just as in Washington the government maintains a Bureau of Standards. @You can have your own Bureau of Standards, too. Just consult the advertising columns of your newspaper. They safeguard your purchasing power every day of every year. “SX — |