Show mi u Former American Heads Ecuador Visits New York And fo Think That We Invented Gunpowdftf Is Key To Problem second clsas matter sccorauig t Ogden Ctsb Entarid at tat Dostofflc to Act of Congress Msrcb B 1879 Member oS Tho &ocuud press HKA 8me and A B O Subacrtpttan price IU5 p month: 1300 pr pu6"eMon of Tbo Aaaoeuted Ptmh u esclusmiy ontttted to Use vw for all news dUpatchwi credited t t or no otherwU credited In this paper olao tbe local new By Walter Llppmann In yesterday's article WEDNESDAY EVENING JUNE 20 1951 uaia rr With Russia ttl Sitting in a Park From Portland Oregon conies a letter from an apartment house owner who is also a real estate broker who says that Ogden should know that the park surrounding the "Ogden municipal building is one of the most delightful he has encountered Parks to be really appreciated must be sat in the writer for says and the Ogden park he insists is made to order those who enjoy sitting in parks to enjoy the grass flowers and trees to watch the passing scene and to do some thinking He rejoices that Ogden provides enough benches to accommodate those who like to sit Portland does too but some of the other cities he visits seem to believe that a park is something to walk through or by and not to sit in This is a dreadful error in his judgment Well who will deny that it isn't as important to provide automobiles? parking places down town for people as it is for Furthermore an abundance of green parking space with benches for home folk and strangers contributes to health and repose —not to mention compliments A national magazine recently presented an illustrated article telling how carefully the French city governments for sitting a plop down chairs in every open spot suitable good idea if there ever was one Our Portland correspondent relates that sitting in a park stimulates his thinking He insists that the advertisements he writes while reposing on a park bench draw more pros pects for the property he offers for sale than those written at his desk Seems as how we shall have to do some sitting in our down town park It ought to be good for what ails us Bribers and Bribed Lindsay C Warren the boss of the governments gen eral accounting office checks among other things the exwho pense accounts submitted by all government employes travel in the public business Mr Warren told senators this week that some high government officials in the second world war accepted from contractors parties payment of hotel bills and even transportation while also drawing travel expenses and allowances from the government The comptroller general assuredly knows when these employes draw government expense and allowances but how does he know about their taking gifts from the business has men doing business with the government? Mr-Warre- n an answer: 'We saw them accepting outrageously expensive gifts from contractors" he said This was bribery of course although the comptroller didn't use such a tough term He reported his experience to back up his contention there undoubtedly exists a weakening of moral standards He was critical of the public officer who takes favors and of the business men who bestows them Mr Warren's statements pose a question for the ethics investigators Who is the more wicked the one who accepts or the one who gives the bribe? If the men talked of as candidates for the nomination for president appear to behave in a coy manner because they do not bluntly announce their ambitions there is a good ' It is a general rule in politics that one should not announce his intentions prematurely to the general public because once a man is an avowed candidate he is a sitting duck for the opposition There is another rule in politics that is quite well ob served It is that it is well while withholding public an nouncement to let a few campaigners here and there know that you intend to be a candidate This promotes some talking up where it is likely to do some good It also prevents some unhappy situations from arising such as discovering that when the announcement actually is made some of the war horses upon who you depended have signed up to il support some other guy Plenty of candidates will pop up when the time is at hand for them to do so Politics is one field of endeavor that never lacks manpower even in periods of great scarcity well-plac- Merry-Go-Rou- I contend ed that the only form a settlement with the Soviet Union could take would be by a military negotiation Today I must give some reasons why I believe that the conflict despite all its enormous political social and ideological elements is at bottom a military This is not the accepted view The communists hold that the internal contradictions of capitalism as they call them will cause capitalist countries the leader among them the United States to go to war and that the final defeat of the capitalist world will be brought about by insurrection within these countries supported by the military power of the Soviet state The curiously enough agree with this analysis and prophecy except that they reverse it and argue that the internal contradictions of the total itarian communist states will compel the Soviet government to resort to war Contrary to Facta These doctrines teem to me contrary to the facts The communist revolution in Russia was brought about by World war I There was no expansion of communism in the world until the end of World war II In my view the conflict which might bring on the third world war is primarily arid fundamenof the tally the consequence not nature of communism or of capitalism but of the unstable miliSotary relationship between thecomviet Union and the Atlantic munity The communist movement has been in existence for at least a century Its creed was formulated in the communist manifesto of 1848 and all its policies and promises have been current ever since The basic prophecy of Marx has been disproved by the event He prophesied that socialism would begin in the country where capitalism reached its highest and culminating development In fact communism began in Russia which had only the rudiments of a primitive form of capitalism Defeated by Germany How then did Russia happen to confute Marx by becoming the first state? Because the communist czarist empire was defeated by the German army in 1917 and then because the German general staff in order to forestall further military resistance in Russia supported the Bolsheviks sent Lenin from Zurich to St Petersburg to organize a coup d' f tat against the Kerenski provisional government It was the defeat of Russia by Germany in World war I not the internal contradictions of the capitalist society which enabled the communists to gain possession of the machinery of a great state But at the end of World war H the Russian armies having resisted the German invasion ad vanced to a line in the center of western Europe where the Ger man army having been destroyed of the they encountered the armies of the west That line is the line iron curtain ed Cheese Birthday Senator Herbert Lehman of New York thought the hundredth birthday of a cheese factory in his state deserved to receive mention in Congressional Record so he put a piece about it in the journal After reading it we agree with the senator It seems that cheese making was a laborious household chore prior to 1851 In that year Jesse Williams an intelligent dairy farmer decided to try out his idea that the best place to make cheese was in a factory He set to work near Rome N Y with so much success that within a generation 5000 cheese factories of similar type dotted the United States Cheese became abundant a staple in the food markets contributing to the national nutrition and the expansion of the dairy industry The techniques and practices he developed are followed in many respects today Jesse Williams is another example of those useful people who examine old ways of doing things with a view to finding a better way and then trying it out when they think they have found it One wonders however why it was a man and not a woman who moved cheese making from the home I deep-freez- Latin-rAmer-ica- Letter to The Editor Honor Gratis Are Nucleus Of Intelligence Service Editor Standard-ExamineRecently a car weaving drunken- ly from side to side on a four-lan- e highway sjruck an boy then the driver glancing hastily backward stepped on the gas and sped away from the scene of the accident leaving the youth lying bruised broken and bleeding in the borrow pit alongside the road When the man is caught he should be punished severely for his crime but "shouldn't those responsible for selling him the accident in a bottle labeled "Whiskey" be equally punished? During the '20's and early '30's law enforcement officers charged with the responsibility of preventing the sale of intoxicating liquors discharged their duty by finding the bootlegger and prosecuting him as well as the drunken citizen The bootlegger was legally and morally as guilty as the arrested person Now the 'state is in the liquor business The situation has changed The citizen alone assumes the full responsibility while the state rakes in a huge but tainted profit tainted bythe weakness of some of its citizens a profit not only from the sale of liquor but also from prosecution of the victims of the state's liquor business In every case involving drunken driving I believe the state is just as responsible and that the state should be prosecuted that the state aided and abetted the crime much the same as the bootlegger did in the '20's and early '30's The question should not be "good liquor vs bad liquor" but the elimination of the senseless slaughter of innocent people If a man gets bad liquor illegally and goes blind at least he knows whose fault it was If you 'are the victim of a hit and run it makes little difference to you whether the liquor was good bad legal or illegal In some of the larger cities men have been caught selling narcotics to teen agers and adults The government does a pretty good job of stopping this practice by prohibiting the sale of narcotics except by a doctor's prescription and the prosecution of those found guilty of the illegal sale of narcotics Some have even suggested capital punThis ishment for those involved method of prohibiting or at least suppressing the use of narcotics and the methods used in the '20's and '30's plus stiff jail sentences for those who drink and drive should now be applied for the elimination of drunken driving since many more people are killed annually now by the use of liquor than the use of narcotics or during the days of prohibition If history repeats itself and it usually does we may find the state in the "good narcotics business" just as it is now in the "good liquor By Peter Ed son WASHINGTON — A new career in foreign intelligence work is now being opened to a select group of honor graduates from U S colleges and universities U S Central Intelligence Agency on July 9 will begin a specialized training course for its first class of about 100 of these "selectees" d All the students have been from the top 10 percent of this June's crop of graduates CIA now plans to run three courses a year to train new personnel for its organization About 60 percent of each class will have AB or BS degrees The other 40 percent will have MA or PhD degrees Eighty percent will be men 20 percent women Starting pay will run as high as $4600 a year for qualified Ph D's Niae If Ton Can Get It It will be nice work if you can get it But getting it will be extremely difficult and keeping It will be downright tough The course will start with a concentrated six to eight weeks in Russian language New teaching methods employing tape recordings in spoken Russian followed by the student through earphones will be used The idea is to cram the course as fast as it can be absorbed Being able to read Russian newspapers like Pravda or Izvestia is now a first requirement for intelligence work After this will come other concentrated courses in rapid reading report writing and mastery of the tools of the intelligence trade Basic training will be concluded with six to eight weeks of instruction in research methods Aim to Develop Career Men Candidates will be under rigorous scruntiny during this basic training Immediate objective of the course is to fit them for jobs in e CIA But the objective is to make foreign intelligence work a career with a definite future and ample security for retirement after extended service Back of this idea is a story When Lieut Gen Walter B Smith now director of CIA came home from Fifance after World war 1 he thought he might like to get into It was then intelligence work business of military primarily the went to the head of attaches He UrZ the army intelligence service and asked for assignment He was asked only one question: "How much private income do you have?" Didin't Get Job Gen Smith who was then Second Lieut Smith had to to answer that he had ony his army pay $141 a month He didn't get the job For the concept of an intelligence officer in those days was of a man who could afford to live high as an attache abroad and pick up gpssip in upper-crusociety So the young lieutenant who couldn't get a job in G-- 2 in 1920 ends up 30 years later as the head oft America's top intelligence agency getting the job the hard Since over his duties way taking r: - "The This expression which is usually ased today to designate actors ©f poor quality started with minstrel shows Ham fat was use d for cleaning the blackening off actors faces Many of the minstrel shows were of poor quality and gave rite to the term j hand-picke- long-rang- ' st last August one of General Smith's principal interests has been to raise intelligence work to the level of a career service His reason is simply that he wants to attract to CIA the best brains available General Smith has called in "as hs director of training Col ofMat- thew Baird wartime CO the 13th air force service command Colonel Baird is a graduate of former Princeton and Oxford headmaster of a boys' school and owner of an Arizona cow ranch Get Specialized Training The system that he has evolved for finding good intelligence material is unique After basTc training by CIA the selectees will get two years of experience in various CIA offices They will then become eligible to compete with regular CIA employes for rotating tours of duty in a career corps Part of this career corps is to be selected for specialized training Some may be sent to the" state department or the armed services for a special tour Of duty Others may go back to the universities for work Still others may do travel for field study in a particular area Takes Special Interest One special group in whom Gen Smith intends to take special interest will include those who after 15 years or so of varied intelligence work show special ability They will be the future heads of divisions deputy director's and directors of CIA Some of these men may ultimately be assigned to —the office—of nanow ONE tional estimates under Dr William Langer Harvard This is and Columbia historian the elite corps of CIA where the final intelligence reports are hammered out Every director of a division In CIA will each year be expected to designate 1 percent of his staff for this general career corps Employes who may have been overlooked in the career selection may compete once a year for places in the corps by taking special educational testing service exams They will give qualified intelligence personnel repeated opportunities to join the career corps It is from this system that Gen Smith hopes to give the United States a professional intelligence career service for the first time in post-gradua- 50 Years Ago lgSS-O—iu- leagues were in a dither over the threatened rebellion of lis Finally they turned to Galo Plaza the minister of defense "It's very simple" he said "IH fire all six generals" He did so And the delineation between military and civilian government had progressed far enough in Ecuador that the six were not given the heroes' welcome given to General MacArthur in the United States today Whistle-Sto- p Campaign Galo Plaza served as ambassador in Washington during part of the vital war years but resigned In 1946 in protest against the dictatorship of President Velasco ran for president himself in 1848 staging the same sort of whistle- stop campaign as Harry Trnjjpa?' and with the same general expec tation tnat ne would be defeated With no political party behind him he visited almost every town and village in Ecuador and instead of haranguing the people with a stentorian outline of his policies he asked their advice as to what should be done Galo Plaza's slogan since elected has been "more work and less gvn-era- ls lit politics" No Quick Solutions There are no quick solutions to Ecuador's problems" he says "In a generation a miracle may he ac complished But during my four years all I can do is to set the country on the right road" Accordingly he has concentrated not on social reform? but on econ nomic progress His old friend Rockefeller helped with this sending American experts to study what products Ecuador can best produce As a result the country ia already on the way to becoming one of the great areas of the world and is slowly pulling away from Its unenviable status as the poorest and most disease-ridde- n country in South America Slaves Four Years Most important of all however Galo Plaza has remained one of n the few presidents to serve out his full four years without resorting to armed strength without suppressing civil liberties Following three abortive revolutions in 14 months Plaza was urg£d to crack down on his enemies However the press still remains free to ridicule him communist speakers remain free to malign him in the public square and he continues to maintain that democracy can work in a country without shoes Nel-so- rice-growi- Latin-America- Questions And Answers Q— Why do we apeak of the "spoils of war"? A —The word spoil both noun and verb stems from the Latin spoilium "the skin or hide stripped from the animal" Hence by extension "arms or other booty taken from a slain enemy" Q —What is the most frequent date for the observance of Easter? A—Easter can come any time from March 22 to April 25 The most frequent date is April 19 the celebration falling on that date on the average once in 26 years Q— How many times did Lou Gehrig hit a home run with the bases loaded? A —Twenty-thre- e times a major league record that still stands today JOSEPHINE st 'For the tost rime we don trade-m- t take ar its history Dependent Parents in Class Q Paragraphs By Carey Williams We wonder why they placed the ax in tax" It was different In the old days The only social problem was who to omit from the guest list Churchill says The U S are doing 1920ths of the work in Korea" it's an old American cus tom It Happened in Ogden- There was a big circus in town Sells and Gray with its famed menagerie and the northeast corner of Union square was covered with immense canvas tents Hundreds had assembled on the streets to see the parade There was a giant elephant one of the largest ever seen here fancy riding horses and other animals including a gigantic Philippine buffalo astride which rode a bepainted savage of ithe South Seas decorated with all By Ben Burroughs the baubles dear to his barbarous There were clowns as horse Modern Teacher" fancy traders roller skate performers and To teach the children nowa- acrobats The Ty belle sisters on the a teacher must be bright trapeze showed strength in jaws days by holding a trapeze rope in their she must be up on every- teeth while performing in midand must always be thing for children of this air right modern age though smart An art exhibition was featured in must still be lead and so it is a teacher must be just one step Ogden Furniture and Carpet Co ahead she must be a real diplomat J S Lewis & Co jewelers feacombined with nerves of steel and she must act with tured visiting cards in the enin each and every deal graved old English black and script honesty that she has ever taught types and what she gives each one of Two real estate transfers were v ! know cannot be them so I salute each edu- recorded at the record's office by bought cator with an old old feature warranty deeds G B Gerald and with deep appreciation wife to Alpha Gerald Brooks part barer an apple fox the teacher id northeast quarter of section 8 Sketches - es -- Line Marks Frontiera It was originally and in my view it still is a military line marking the frontiers of the armies Behind it the Soviet govern ment has established its satellite communist states In front of it there are no communist states That is not because the kremlin or the communist leaders of the west would not if they could have ex panded the communist revolution into France Italy northwestern Germany and elsewhere They have tried to do just that But they could not do it What they did was to arouse na tional and international resistance which- the communist revolution alone without the support of the red army was unable to cope witn Key to Settlement Thus if we survey the history of the communist revolution for century we find that its course has been determined at every crit ical juncture not by the Marxist analysis and prophecy but by military events We are warranted therefore in concluding that a mil itary settlement with the Soviet Union is the key to the settle ment of the conflict between the communist revolution and the non- communist world If that is the case then the is sue reduced to its critical elements and stripped of the confusion be tween cause and effect Is how much territory is to remain under the military control of the Soviet gov ernment The question is not what Marx and Lenin taught what Ma lin and Molotov believe what com munists everywhere hope for and conspire to do The question is where the red army is to be and where it is to be able to go and where it is not to be able to go That is the question that will have to be answered either by ne business" It seems assinine to me for the gotiation or by a war state to require a man to pass a (To be continued) stiff driver's license test and have his car pass a rigid safety inspection in the hope of preventing acStrictly Honorary cidents sell him a bad acciCLINTON Miss June 20 (UP) — dent in athen bottle labeled "Whiskey" town this a for fire Being engineer Roscoe E Child is a strictly honorary proposition RFD 4 Ogden Utah For their services last year five fire engineers collected 8ft cents each All the town appropriated for the Woodchucks Gassed worK was 4 EXETER N H June 20 (UP)— It's got so a woodchuck isn't safe WHY WE SAY even in its own hole Rockland county farmers dropped almost 4000 gas bombs into woodchuck holes within a few weeks and planned to step-u- p their war against the pests some more as they sent for a new supply of bombs From minstrels WASHINGTON—The first presn ident of a country ever born in the United States arrives in Washington today He is Galo Plaza Lasso president of Ecuador who has played football at the University of California sold apples in New York during the depression and has built up a herd of 1000 Holstein dairy cows one mile up on the plateaus of Ecuador More important than any of these however Galo Plaza is operating one qf the few free and democratic countries in' the western hemisphere On a continent where democracy is squeezed between communism and fascism and where democracy is considered a luxury safe only for countries which can afford he has shown that democracy can work Have Freedom of Press In only five other countries today — Uruguay Chile Mexico Cuba and Costa Rica — is there complete freedom of the press In Peru for instance a newspaperman was jailed recently because he translated a Life magazine article on Evita Peron The article was not even published merely translated ready for publication Nevertheless he was clapped into jail Even in supposedly democratic India Prime Minister Nehru has proposed legislation restricting the press However President Galo Plaza has laughed at the gibes of the Ecuadorian press calls revolution "our national sport" has never imposed martial law drives his own car to his farms and talks in their own language to the Indians who come to see him Cows By Airplane I confess to being a little partial toward Galo Plaza I got to know him when he was ambassador to Washington the introduction having come through the Madame Holstein and the fact that some of my cows are related to his Incidentally the president of Ecuador studied at the University of Maryland in order to specialize in dairying and since that time he has imported his herd sires and some of his heifers from Homer Remsberg at Middletown Md sometimes flying them to Ecuador by plane The fact that Galo Plaza was born hi an almost unknown hotel — the Hotel Martin — in New York's Greenwich Village was due to the circumstance that his father himself a president of Ecuador was then In exile His father was a buccaneering general who made his way by the sword but who married a daughter of a top Ecuadorian aristocrat She has spent much of her life in the United States and is still living Brought Up in Politics As a youngster Galo Plaza was literally brought up in politics His father served two terms as president of Ecuador once before Galo was born 'once afterward Galo saw him put across what were then almost revolutionary measures — public education limiting the hours of the people's work divorce civil marriage and expropriation of large landed estates During part of this time Galo was a playboy at Maryland and California universities sporting a convertible and a big coonskin coat which incidentally proved a life- saver when the old general got fed up with his son's life of ease and cut off his allowance It was then that Galo sold apples on the street corners of New York later got a job as assistant purser on the Goace line between New York and Chile Fired Six Generals Subsequently Galo and his father patched up their differences and young Plaza took over the operation of the family's farms where he introduced American tractors contour plowing and Maryland cows Neighbors scoffed called him the "man with the gringo ideas" But since then farm methods in Ecuador gradually have become modernized Plaza got started in nolitics at the very bottom He became a mem ber of the municipal court of Quito then mayor of Quito later minis ter of defense at a most crucial before Pearl period— Harbor As minister of defense he laid down the unheard-o- f doctrine that the army must keep out of politics and proved that he meant what he said At one cabinet crisis his col- Latin-America- con-fli- rt - Not Coy but Canny reason By Drew Pearson (Ed Note— The brass ring good for one free ride on the Washgoes to ington President Galo Plaza of Ecuador) 20 - Years Ago Mrs P A Beck had as her house guests her son P A BeckJr of Hartford conn and two daughters Mrs Kenneth Hess of San Fran cisco and Mrs U R Hooker of Kemmerer Wyo with her two children Mane and Billy Principals in the cast of "The Crimson Star'' of the Lewis school included: Heber Graham Helen Murphy Dan Thomas Gladys Oss- man Jack Bennett Halvor Phil lips Mina Schultz Dave McFarland Irene Green Mark Tillotson and Audrey Blan chard Mrs D R Wheelwright and her son Max had left by motor for Chicago to spend the summer 'in the ' east Ellen Halgren pupil of Miss Min nie Moore Brown had appeared in a recital of dramatic readings at the Hotel Bigelow Mary Gay vio linist and Marjorie Perrins pianist had assisted m the program er to Eugene Robinson lots 3 and 4 block 9 plat A Hooper consid ration $800 township 6 north range 1 west Joseph W Arave and wife of Hoop- - By Major Thomas N Nial To be eligible for the class O de pendency allowance parents must get more than 50 percent of their support from the enlisted man himself If they don't become dependent on him until after he goes into service then they're eligible as soon as he starts contributing more than half their support He need not have contributed for any set length of time To illustrate another point take the cage of Charlie K Charlie's mother and father live together with his two younger brothers and three sisters His father has a toueh time feeding and clothing a family of seven still at home while Charliesis in the army So Charlie tries to make out a class Q allotment He tries to make it over to his mother contending his father supports the five other kids but Charlie supports his mother alone by sending money home That's a pretty good argument but not good enough His claim is turned down Why? The defense department says the "family unit" must be considered — mother father brothers and sisters if they all live together Charlie would have to contribute more than 50 percent to the expenses of the whole family unit before he could make allotment out to any members of it To Apply for Allotment In every case eligible parents or wives should get the enlisted man himself to apply for the class Q allotment Payments will work a little differently for wives and children who get the allowance automatically andan for dependent parents where investigation is needed to prove dependency Say Tommy J leaves a wife at home when he joins the Air Force on July 15 He makes out an 1 iotment immediately The air force need not get affidavits from his wife so at the end of the month al-- j along with his regular pay Tom my himself is paid in cash the government's portion of the total allowance As a recruit with one dependent this would amount to $45 He's expected to send this home himself fJ hTe next month August his The next month August his is deducted from his pay the government adds its $45 and his wife should get her check for $85 Ln September With" dependent parents it's different Oscar G is recalled as a quartermaster 3c in the naval reserve His widowed mother depends on him for over half her support As soon as he reports for duty on July 15 he applies for a class Q allotment for her At his next pay day around himself allots Aug 1 the $60 he as a man in the E--4 pay grade is deducted from his pay and sent to his mother in September a month or so later That's all she may get for a couple months just Oscar's own $60 contribution not the government's part of the allowance Meanwhile she gets the rather aflengthy "parent's dependency fidavit' 'form to explain her sources of income and expenses She should get help from the Red Cross in filling it out After she returns it to the navy and the allotment ia approved she ll start drawing the full class Q allowance Oscar's $60 plus the government's $6750 $12750 (That's the amount for a man in the 4 pay grade with two or fewer dependents) What's more she'll be paid for all the government's part of the allowance since Oscar made apwithplication The governmentdefiniteholds it until it determines ly that Oscar s mother is entitled -- totalling E-- to it You may write Major Nial care your own' d question Enclose a stamped envelope) (From AP NewsfkatUMra of this newspaper about service-connecte- |