OCR Text |
Show n The Salt Lake Tribune, Monday, August A 20, 197.1 Photographer of the West: Now an Immortal crust of snow. Even then they had to stop every once in a while to excavate a mule that had disappeared At one time it took the party 13 hours to cross the divide of two and f O'Sullivan miles. wrote that the party endured "indescnbable hardships. In the fall of 1868 the party reached the Great Salt Lake, where they stored their equipment at Camp Douglas for the winter. By Irene J. Brennan Tribune Correspondent Timothy II O'Sullivan is a little known photographer of the early West. Although he now lies on Staten Island, NY., m an unmarked grave, his photographic legacy places his name on the list of immortals. a ivans pants were lying there, weight on the rope. OSull- one-hal- containing a wallet heavy with his pay of 15 $20 gold pieces. The men grabbed his pants, tied them to (he line and heaved the rope towards shore. The rope reached OSullivan, but not the wallet. It had been shaken loose and dropped into the nver. "That The Indians of the West called him the Shadow Catcher because they were afraid he would capture their spirits on his glass plates. Rather than take a chance they would turn their backs when he pointed his camera m their direction. It was only with much palavering and friendly persuasion that some Indians finally consented to pose for Assembles at S.L. Early the next spnng the as a report of the Wheeler Survey in 1971 reported: "Instruments used at Salt Lake were a mean-timchronometer and a portable transit mounted in observatory erecte ed in 1869 for the U.S. Coast Survey Party; these instruments and the observatory being the property of Brigham Young, president of the Mormon Church." OSullivan's most adventurous and horrifying experiences occurred when he later became a member of the Wheeler Survey party. From pictures. Glimpses of Land OSullivan braved heat, cold, thirst, hunger, fatigue, death by drowning and attack from Hostile Indians to gather glimpses of the raw land of the West and Southwest. r: Vi St 3.aVv- was not an Thotography cameasy job in the 1860s eras were large, heavy and e cumbersome. The technique then used was an extremely messy procedure. The glass plate was coated with a sticky collodion, the picture taken, rushed to the darkroom, fixed, washed and developed, all within a penod of 15 minutes. Any photographer working outside a studio had to carry his own darkroom. With the shifting desert sands and blowing mountain winds, O'Sullivan had to be an expert at working with the tacky plates to obtain good photographs. He learned photography as an apprentice to Matthew Brady, the famous Civil War ' n: - 4, ptir --r . A i i'-- 30 OSullivans This is Picture, OSullivan was always busy, struggling with his cumbersome camera and equipment up and down steep washes, climbing ndges to photograph the nver, taking notes, helping to haul and shove the boats and lugging freight around dangerous spots. At one time the leading boat made a sharp turn in the canyon and hit some strong rapids, which swamped and overturned the boat. All the passengers managed to make it to shore but nearly all the boats contents were lost. OSullivan was one of the men who risked the rapids trying to save some of the supplies. Most of their food and baskets contam.'ng Wheelers painstaking notes were lost shown boat, The at Black Canyon A of the Colorado River during Photo courtesy National 1871. Archives. The remaining men continued en their way upriver with only a very small amount of food. Because of the violence of the rapids they sometimes had to haul their boats all day long, discovering that on sr me days no more than of a mile had been covered. three-quarte- group assembled again at Salt Lake City and King received from Brigham permission Young to make a base camp on the old lake terrace above the city. OSullivan joined the team assigned to survey the lake, which took two months. Twice their little boat, the Eureka, overturned and the men almost drowned. was rough, he said, "for I never found that dust again although I prospected a long time, barefooted, for it." Finally reaching Pyramid Lake, the party saw huge, rocklike tufa pyramids jutting up from the water. Scaling the highest, 500 feet high, they found the; were not the first visitors to the islands. "From every crevice there seemed to come a hiss. The rattling, too, was sharp and with Brady on the battlefields, he became thoroughly schooled in the methods of outdoor photography. Authorized by U.S. Working OSullivan was named official photographer in both the Clarence King Expedition of 1867 and the Lt. George H. of Head Up Riser The awkward boats were rowed, towed and pushed up the nver. The loaded barge was often unmanageable Li the rapids and swung widely. Because of the fierceness of the rapids, one scientist was severely injured and an Indian guide had his cheekbone smashed by the rocks. By this time the morale was so low that 19 men decided to return to Camp Mohave with one boat and the uncontrollable barge. photographer, starting as a young 'helper' m the studio. Expedition was held with the warring factions and peace declared. Morale Low & wet-plat- WTieeler TAR GA2EE! the shoreline Sometimes was so covered with masses of dead grasshoppers buried in alkali dust that the men found themselves knee-deein the messy water, and the odor was so horrible that the men could barely breathe, while clouds of files tormented them. Squalls on the lake had battered their boat almost to pieces. The survey of the Great Salt Lake was completed in June and another base camp was established at Parleys Park, 25 miles from Salt Lake City. The men enjoyed catching trout in the stream and dined on water-foand venison. Tne Utes of the region visited the camp to satisfy their curiosity about the Shadow Catcher." King made periodic visits to Salt Lake City with regard to survey matters and provisions. Echo Canyon was explored along the Union Pacific Railroad with studies made of the possibility of mining coal in the region. The survey confirmed to Congress and the railroad that the carboniferous strata on either side of the Uintas held a p:actically inexhaustible supply of coal. continued. The whole rock evidently was alive with long p rattlesnakes. The visitors 1871. These expeditions were authorized by the government to make geological, geographical, geodetic and photographic decided that possession was indeed of the law and they hastily departed. At Humboldt Sink, OSullivan was not the first but one of many who fell victim to the nine-tent- surveys. He used an Army ambulance drawn by two to four mules loaded with over 200 pounds of photo equipment. When rough terrain prevented the use of the ambulance, everything had to be packed on the backs of mules. In addition to being the first man to take pictures of many places and subjects in Utah, Nevada, California, Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado, there were many other firsts to his credit. ad "mountain ail," or malaria as we call it. The sulfurous smell of the rotting marshes, plus the nightly hordes of voradense mosquitoes, to snuff out their candles, drove the men to cious enough other quarters. Lightning Strikes OSullivan joined King on an exploratory trip to the top of Jobs Peak west of the Reese River, but this trip was abruptly terminated when a bolt of lightning struck King as he was surveying, numbing his right side. He was carried back to camp and unable to work for a week. In' the summer of 1S67 the King Survey team stopped at Virginia City, Nev., to examLode. ine the Comstock OSullivan descended into a tunnel several hundred feet below the surface and took pictures of the inside of the mine, using magnesium powder ignited in an open tray. It was a risky operation to bum magnesium in a tunnel that might contain pockets of flammable gas. But, he became the first to photograph the interior of a mine. The King Expedition Court Witness Because of the geological study made by the expedition of the Comstock Lode, King was called to court to testify as a witness during litigation r nrolving the silver mines. Later, OSullivan was sent with a scouting party to take photographs of Pyramid Lake The in northern Nevada. group obtained a small baboat teau. a called the Nettie, to follow the Truckee River as it emptied into Pyramid Lake. That was the first time the Truckee had been navigated with such a crossed the Sonoma Range, then known as Ilavillah Mountains, in the summer of 1868, but found snow in the high divides. Some of the drifts were 30 to 40 feet deep. The air was so thin that it was like breathing cold fire to the men. They kept falling out of sight, along with their mules, into the huge drifts and had to be hauled back up with ropes. King decided that they should travel only at night when they could cross on the frozen Tours Uintas In the late summer, OSullivan toured sections of the Uinta Mountains, taking spectacular pictures, Including the Valley of the Provo. In September, the three-yesurvey was finished and auctions were held at Salt Lake City to dispose of stock and gear. Brigham Young attended the sale and must have purchased some items. the time it left Fort Halleck near Elko, Nev., in the spnng of 1871, until it reached Camp Mohave in Anzona at the end of the summer, two civilian guides disappeared, one member died from consumption and was buried in Death Valley, one scientist almost succumbed from thirst when lost for two days and two members were prostrated by uie heat. Prepare Trip At Camp Mohave the men prepared for the first expedition to go up the Colorado River, embarking at the camp and ending at Diamond Creek 200 some miles upriver. Wheeler wanted to determine the limits of practical navigation and measure the width and velocity of the river. If Wheeler had known the dangers to be encountered, this portion of the survey might well have been abandoned. A party of 35 men made up of Wheeler, OSullivan, scientists, boatmen, soldiers and Indians started from Fort Mohave in three boats and a barge. O'Sullivan promptly named his boat the Rations became so low that Wheeler had to guard them with a nfle and morale plunged to its lowest point. Two men were sent ahead on foot overland to contact the supply party waiting at Dia mond Creek and arrange for provisions to be sent back while the boats were being calked. When men the reached Diamond Creek, they were horrified to discover that the supply party had already departed. Leaving a note for Wheeler, the men tried to catch up with the reinforcements. Walking for 12 hours in the heat, they became exhausted and dumped to the ground. Some prescience sent members of the supply party back along their route, where they found the stricken men. Hurrying back to the river, the boating party was met and given food. Return to Camp $ If rv miles. Some of the men returned to Camp Mohave by boat back down the nver, and this took only five days. One can well Imagine the experiences of the perilous undertaking. At the conclusion of the nver journey, O'Sullivan, naturally slender, was emaciated and exhausted. His last assignment of the tnp was to again persuade the Indian guides to pose for pictures. Finally, after much talk, smoking and giving of gifts, they agreed to let their pictures be taken by the Shadow Catcher." O'Sullivan took hundreds of photographs of the Colorado Canyon, but somehow, on the tnp back to San Francisco, most of the plates were lost. 9 cy 6064-7- TAURUS AM- 20 V 9t S I Romance 7 Show 3 Fn 4 Worry 5 May 6 Vour 7 Fovorob'e 8 Dav 9 fnqenuity MAT 20 i- - 5361-7- GEMINI ??y4r2r Vf'rMt 20 c 0 Money Hove 12 Over n 7- - 350-5CANCER JUNE 13A Toke Your 16 On 17 Thorough 18 Eremely 19 Difficult 20 For 7 Worries 22 Finarvces 23 Collect' 24 Just 25 Fmonciof 14 21 5 JULY 22 0 LEO $ mr v&L'AtlG. 22 6- - CJ 4369 VIRGO f. AUG. 12 SlfT. 22 mm wd M ?3 ppl him mm tubmmm Nitvn Cadi Suggested for GENERAL All oges admitted. Suggested for MATURE oudt-ences (porental gudare suggested). Ait oges admitted Word 72 73 74 Checkup 75 76 77 78 79 80 Arid tt Could Unfounded Go Matters 81 51 Spoil 52 Be 53 A 53 People 59 Heaiih 60 A Good 71 Arid If illness. Dies at 43 at the age of 42 from tuberculosis. There are no monuments to his memory, not even over his grave, nor does any part of the great land which he traveled bear his name. OSullivans plates can be Ar- found in the National chives, Library of Congress, U.S. Geological Survey, New York Historical Society, Art of Chicago, Institute the George Eastman House in Rochester and the New York Public Library. He died became intimate with the great West during his journeys, not only with its dangerous side but with the quiet beauty of its peaks, streams, valleys and deserts, which he preserved for future He There V 68 ocr. 2jo; NOY. 22 SAGITTARIUS J NOV. 12 6365 82 86 CAPRICORN DEC. U JAN. If AQUARIUS JAN. Jff 3 A PISCES m.,t MAX. 20 51 V?' 62-7- 1 picture of Timothy H. OSullivan, located at the Eastman a House taken during an expedition to Panama, showing him to be a slender, bearded man, from constant exposure to the it well-tanne- d sun. Perhaps one day a map will carry the name of OSullivan as a first in honor of his great achievements in bringing to us the shadows of the past." 4831 SO .STATE 0P 6 45PI4. WOWS 7.15 Adults i1 00 till 1 7 50 After 1 Robert''" Redfond Jeremiah Johnson WIDE SCREEN COLOR WB 4 (TO Next Attraction Disneys "SONG Of THE SOUTH W DisneyVARISTOCATS" sfumrisss: 3605 SO. is only one known STATE OPEN 7 30 PM NIGHTLY. CLOSED SUNDAYS ADULTS 1 50, CHILD 50c 2ND BIG WEEK IN COLOR K333 i 15 p .3 WED. AUG ADV Wests largest Air Dome Color TVs and other prizes 14 beautiful new homes Home product displays 22 - OF - d? MAT SAT Aug.13-Sept- , f3' DlC. 12 N?Sl j)AJvtrse rfi SCORPIG 82 Is 83 You &4 Surround 85 Residence 86 Sound 87 Happen 88 Needed 89 More 90 You 57 Day on his glass generations plates. OSullivan became the first official photographer for the U.S. Geological Survey when it was established in 1879. In 1880 he was appointed photographer for the U.S. Treasury Department, but had to resign after five months because of M STATE F Am THIN MAN' J TMj t,;.9 COEOVT i THE Parade 73 is open trom 2 pm. from 11am. until 11pm. until 11pm. weekdays and weekends and Labor Day. ADMISolON PRICES Weekdays 2 5 p m. -- Adults SI .00 Children $.50 After 5 pm. weekdays, all day weekends & Labor $1 50 Children $.75 Day-Ad- ults Just drive to Salt Lake City's Willow Creek Country Club and follow the signs to Parade of Homes 73" Classifieds Sell TpfMM It had taken the group 33 labor to days of go upstream a distance of 200 back-breakin- g OPEN SUNDAY AT SHOWS CONTINUOUS PeLegend Today and Every Monday (except holidays) of Boggy CfECftfci ' Wor A TRUE by TECHNICOLOR LIPPOBT $3.50 pex person Ride TOMORROW & ALL Rides-A- WED... (Regularfy $5.00) you want! LL Davis Stadium F.lmedmTECHNISCOPf - YOUR LOCAL GUFfflGHTEP" - s A 45, 130, 10 p.m. Sun. from 3.15 fewfcThuv ftx vwynen (frefced m o ntansicr pomed red by nrujperj and cr3 INGMAR BERGMAN'S CRIESAND SUPER DIME DAYS , On 5; STORY tower Q the 9th Eif. fill ImH TONIGHT 7fiOp.m. ftw Physicol 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 $0 NcfHing 28 Are 29 Could 30 Lots 2327-29-5- About one hours travel from Wickenburg, the coach was ambushed by a group of Apaches. The only survivor of the raid was Moll. History records this event as the Wickenburg Massacre." OSullivan served as photographer for Wheeler again in 1874 and 1875 during further explorations of the West. GUIDE TMW 4 Around LIBRA 11 OCT. .vV Fred Lonng, barometnc recorder and press agent for Wheeler, with two scientific members of the party, left by stage for San Bernardino, Calif. They transferred stagecoaches at Wickenburg, Anz., and had as traveling companions a Prescott jeweler and Moll Shephard, a disreputaThe coach ble character. also carried $25,000 in gold. Coach Ambushed This excursion brought their Mohave Indian guides into the territory of the Piutes, with whom they were at war. The Piutes planned to ambush the party upriver and kill he Mohaves. A friendly Indian warned the members and the deadly massacre was abrogated when a council meeting MOVIE AUDIENCE Wfh lougWf Doy 26 Putter 27Activt.es 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 351" 36 37 38 39 40 Sin. B'gg er Your Your Romantic Judgment Respect Ahead Confidently Deed Hoppy Temper Role Of Pleasures Children Companion Of Importance Moving It's Will 61 31 Mcke 32 Vour 33 0 34 Authority $4 Source 55 fe't 56 Making Picture. ar r rs RPOLLAN By CLAY Tour Doil y Actnl Cuido M According to tho Sion. i To develop message for Monday, read words corresponding lo numbers of yourZodioc birth sign, ARIES MAX. 2 Hides WHSPBSrt rsflem 2:00 p.m. till Closing STARTING FRIDAY: "THE SEVENTH SEAL WAIT 711 YOU RIDE THE NEW Persons under 17 not odmitted, unless oc compomed by parent or odult PESTRiCTED THIS WED. thru TUES. AUG. 28 guardian. SALT PALACE, SALT LAKE CITY Persons under 18 not oJ roul NinHR. ,ha new mined , SEE THE SMALLEST 500 PERFORMERS & ANIMALS! WI10-E- R WILD MOUSE. S- - JU ooutn, Shoftat 7 inay. 561 25 00&9-15- - 1 , '.v THE NEPTUNE FACTCa g MAN IN THE WORLD! craft. All went smoothly until the Nettie hit wild, whirling rapids, which slammed the boat against rocks, pinning it fast seme 40 yards from the nver bank. Oars were swept away by the current and wooden sweeps were bent useless by the fast water. O'Sullivan volunteered to swim ashore so that a line could be fastened to the boat Clad only in his underwear, he dove into the cold, swift water and fought his way through the rapids. About l'X) yards downstream he crawled onto shore, Its underwear in tatters and his body bruised. Heavy Walk! Unable to fang the light rope Successfully to shore, the men aboard the Nettie looked (or something heavy to use as cheat coop runi 14 THRIJJNG PL8Q8MANCES OPENS THIS WED. at 7:30 P.M. FRL at 2:30 & 8 00 P.M. THURS. at 2:30 & 7:30 P.M. SUN. at 1 :30 & SAT. at 11:00 AM., 3.00 & 8.00 P.M. 5 30 P M. O MON. & TUPS, at 2:30 & 7 30 P.M. ALL SEATS RESERVES SAVE KIDS UNDER 12 THURS. 2.30 & SAT. PRl at 2.30 P.M. MON. 8 TUES. at 2 31 ? M. WE0. at 7.3C P.M. TAX INCLUDED 7:30 P.M. $3.50-$4.5a$5.- 1 i $1.00 ON 1 A.M. All 5 ZCM! TOOTS ON SAUAT SAIT FUACE BUX OFFICE F M4I tDwntmwr $41 Ldn, Prwo'Gnm, IWTIFPCHAKCi WAi USE RMMFRICARD, CottCfwl Mint, i ?tmi cat r n $TUX13 &MU8) EijutiroTisss 11:15 MI Eshr 3:15 . JriislM Phone 1:30 EEL 1 634-262- 1 fcwd THp Ell ond on wry lwatlobli |