Show Please he very csreful with fire! STATIUN NO 13 Trees do not live forever Observe these two large dead Douglas fir trees Trees' health and Follow The Forest Umber Pine Trail For Outing Continued from page 2) the trail construction has disturbed the natural covjr of the forest floor Cnrrmind in5TI SNaNfi'nH f?r8ver! iimiilV 1? ainSUnS i IR1DGERLAND EDITION — The Herald Journal Logan Utah Monday Feb 28 1966—3 stream Insicad all the wa- - L J ter from the winter snows - uth They age drains from all directions to the sink hole depressions become susceptible to attack by disease and insects These visible below Water and carbon dioxidf trees were attacked and kill- from he soiI humus combine ed by bark beetles J’8" n- form weak acid luoas Nie the cvidence of tne which dissolve the ancient un- - beetle engravings along tha KanvoiinlSr dprl'in limestone rock stra- - inner bark of the tree trunk la n locations where faults The tree died as a direct re- by pioneeraxemencut cauMd by movement f the suit of girdling The beetles fF 1? parth crust have broken the sought to use the inner bark timlM-t- e strata the water area as a nursery for their r77fHu wluhons gradually percolate young segments lntlB Between tie through to underground res- - In this manner nature or 'logs" the Temple Fork Sawmill logged ervujrx dPep below A con- - “harvests" and cut 17 million board leet soil The and air space forest xmai a called of Douglas fir from the hole can be seen monopolized by overmature lwaUw Spawn Creek and Tempie from the Logan Canyon High- - trees becomes Fork drainages of Logan way onf mHe to the northwest through the natural death of Canyon As Douglas fir was near canteen Springs Where these old trees to younger cut from convenient side parent limestone and shales more vigorous stands This canyons on the lower slopes sinks swallow natural harvest makes room exposed the tog- - holes eaves and near Cache-Vallesprings are for a new generation of trees gers progressively up into qUite common and plants Such an occur- the high country to fell STATION NO 11 This ranee makes these areas stands such as these !aagebrush grass community available to the next group struction of the Union Pacifi ajjwut you is one of the better with the least disturbance to -Railroad and the Utah and range types far cattle It is the soil Northern Railroad provided capable of producing high Note however the vigor n outlet for millions yields of nutritious forage ous young trees 'on the trail Trees as However Douglas fir ties proper grazing in ahead were capable of resist-sma- ll as six inches diameter these mountainous areas re- - ing thejinsfect attack by breast high were cut By 110 quires careful livestock the beetles virtually all of Logan Canyon agement nation 14 had been logged Frequent piant communities are dy- - STATION NO 14 The lake unchecked fires ravaged jamjc changing things They you behold before you is Bear through the area when animals graze Lake: Geologically it is an change Today timber of the Cache Upon them Range manage - old lake formed during the National Forest is managed ment a matter' of ecology growth of the surrounding protected and harvested for a Basic environmental factors mountains by fault action! wide array of values and ben- - gucb ag soil climate and: The lake is approximately efits to society slope determine which plants eight miles wide and twenty grow and how well they miles long being half ini STATION NO 7 In a host grow However the range Utah and half in Idaho It is '' of ways animals are so da manager must regulate both deepest on its east side with that pendent upon plants number of animals and their WORLD S LARGEST KNOWN Umber Pine dwarfs its young admirer More than 2000 s types of plants determine the distribution in order that the ThMake years separate their ages inhabit that of animals types communities are able landmark of the early trap-- stages of plant succession The species Pinusflexilis 1 rels and young boys gives the following informa-- 1 holes to find rodents a given area For instance to Upport them without pers The rendezvous of tneBecause it is possible to is one of the vuitnn' Pine tWn‘ 1 Betwe1 Stahon 1 and 2 Between Station 2 and 3 (Tamiasciur-the red squirrel range deterioration In order1 Rocky Mountain Fur Com-- i due e through man's cultural ion the register hit A Several us hudsomeus) lives in the to achieve proper distribu-coniferoyou see a Badger Hole togs covered with forest community :tion of livestock such man-suc- h Badger is a vicious animal! moss Moss only occurs as this becauMgit has tong sharp where there is shade Sod agement techniques as loca- razor fixe claws and dagger- moisture If you are tost you These small s q u i r r e 1 s ti0n of iait water and drift con- Your children will enjoy like teeth The Badger is a can often determine the north scramble up the tree tninks fencesrare utilized Note the lake rendezvous in 1827 At in the forest out on the limbs and to thejdrjjft fence just over the hill that time the lake was Called big game browse’ TodCthS ““ most interesting animal of direction by finding moss oa ? maU rodents' - children s by this high alpine forest It digs guide quir (Continued on page Six) area tips of the twigs exploring for to the southwest tends “Sweet Lake” tp sustain greater1 food They have a noisy Station 12 numer-most numbers were of deer ! than the and often STATION NO 12 Fire is a ousProbably shrill chatter fish in the lake is therhere originally: make their presence known continuing threat to the for- - Bonneville Cisco This rare The Forest Service regards by objecting loudly to some est stands along this trail At fish is found nowhere else wildlife as a'crop to be manintruder in their “territory” any location you can depart During the early part of this aged enjoyed and harvested A large share of their food is from the trail and century a fairly substantial National Forest administra- mart up of seeds of conifers observe evidence of casualty fishery operated Legislative! tors work closely with the pojtfire such as Douglas fir The damage Charred togs black- action terminated this com- - Utah State Department of base of the old stump ahead ened stumps and calloused fire mercial enterprise in Fish and Game in providing to the left of the trail is a fav- scars are apparent in every Sport fishing is now open year maximum hunting opportunorite place fpr eating and grove round ity storing cones Note the disand numerous fires 15 Station 11 STATION NO The Large carded fragments of Douglas-fi- r accompanied the pioneer tog- scraggly trees occupying this STATION NO 16 Directly cones Such a pile of cone ging as slash was set afire in site are Mountain Mahogany ahead you view the Mountain debris is called a squirrel the fail throughout the can- (Cercocarpus tedifolius) Big Monarch the largest Umber cache yon In the decade between game animals browse on such Pine ever reported trees origi- 1870 and 1880 up to 10 of the Occasskmally vegetation The Mule Deer This venerable giant was nate from seeds burled ia a timbered area of Cache Coun- (Odocoileus hemtonus) is the discovered in the blustery cache like tills It is very ty burned Fires continued big game animal represented winter months early in 1944 likely the monarch “Umber to burn unmolested through here in greatest numbers by W D Porter and Orville Pine” itself got its iggo' and into the 1900’s Elk (Cervus canadensis) S Lee a group of squirrel caehe pjr§ not only kills live veg-- too are present although they This tree is 24 feet in cir etation it consumes the es- are more restricted in num- cumference breast height STATION NO 8 You are sential soil humus It des- bers You can occasionally Estimates of age based upon now standing in a plant com- troys the watershed and fa- observe the tracks of both study of small cere borings inwhich is slowly cilitates flash runoff and ero- deer and elk munity this trail dicate the tree is over 2000 along changing Scientists refer to sion The alkali Deer prefer browse vegeta- years old Still vigorous and the phenomena of one species the streams The entire bio- tion such as brush These ' of healthy it is increasing in plants replacing another on tic community is drastically plants are normally associatat the rate of about on girth a site as “plant succession” altered with the intermediate eighth inch each year ed On this area sage brush is gradually being invaded bjj Aspen If you scrape the ground bare you will find in a few years that weeds move in They are adapted to harsh environment but through their presence they will gradually alter the site A new set of environmental conditions is created favorable to plants like sage brush Eventually these shrubs contribute further to changing site conditions The site becomes favorable to Aspen Note the several distinct Aspen tree heights graduating from the parent trees in the background to the young sprouts in the foreground Ultimately conifers such as the nearby subalpine fir will invade the Aspen and dominate the plant community LOCKER This site will then have reachPACKAGING ed a “climax” condition Stattoa 9 The 9 NO STATION QUICK colored micro vegeorange tation on the surrounding rocks is lichen It occurs in YELLOW AMERICAN Clearfield Cheese Company is a variety of forms colors and ' WHITE AMERICAN shapes Lichen is a fundaproud to be a part of the mental component in the process of decomposition of parCOLORFUL PIMENTO Cache Valley Community and ent rock strata into residual soil TANGY SWISS A lichen is a composite orhappy to be able to offer ganism consisting of a fungus OLE-N-SHAto over 50 lives which symbioticalty employment ' with an algae TJie hyphae of HOT PEPPER local people in our processing the fungus envelop the algal matercells and derive food DIET ials from the alga The algae and wrapping operation in rein turn symbioticalty AMERICAN and CHEESE FOOD ceive from ' the fungus proWellsville tection from external injury (2 and 5 lb loaves) Lichens are the initial step in the rotting breakdown of CHEESE SPREAD (21b loaves) exposed rock Note the v on the of lichen lucky outcrops along the trail ahead Lichens are the first plant groups to occur in the progressing - chain of plan! succession 10 The STATION NO drainage valley directly ahead to tlie west is called “Tl£ This catche-men! 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