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Show THE BULLETIN Heat Always Good Remedy For Backaehe Era of Swiff American Clipper Ships Engaged in China Tea Trade Was One Of Most Romantic in Maritime History By DR. rs as "the great race of 1866." It still remains a favorite topic of conversation in Mincing Lane, center of the London tea trade, and inspired both books and poems. Beeord of Flying Cloud. Greatest of all of the clipper Flyships was the American-bui- lt ing Cloud, which established two records which were never equalled. The Flying Cloud was the second extreme clipper designed by Donald McKay, who is credited with being "the man who made the clipper ship famous." His advance production of a ve sel of the extreme clipper class proved a notable contribution to America's prestige as a maritime nation. The Flying Cloud was launched in 1851 and was a vessel of 1,782 tons. Although originally built for the firm of Enoch Train & Company of Boston, she was sold while stKl on the stocks to Grin-ne- ll Minturn & Company, of New n York. Longfellow's of the poem, "Building Ship" with its often quoted line, "Sail on, O union strong and great," is said to have been inspired by the launching of the Flying Cloud. As did many of the early California clipper ships, the Flying Cloud had to cross the Pacific to China to get a cargo home. She made Honolulu in 12 days. On one of those days, using skysails and studsails, she covered 374 miles. The Flying Cloud later accomplished the run around the Horn in 89 days and 21 hours, and three years later she beat her own record by 13 hours. These records were never equalled. Inspired by Baltimore Clippers. The early clipper ships were inspired by the swift privateers produced in Baltimore for the War of 1812, and came into being because of the demand of tea merchants for fleeter vessels to bring each season's new cargoes of tea. Isaac McKim, Baltimore merchant, is credited with being the first to d conceive the idea of a vessel built along the lines of the Baltimore clippers for use in the tea trsde with China. well-know- three-maste- full-rigg- falls. JAMES W. BARTON walking the year 1860 IT than of a century ago and the place was London, England, at the docks. Men crowded the wharf, eyes searching the channel. They jostled each other, eager to be the first to announce the coming of the ship which they awaited. In the windows of nearby buildings other men with field glasses kept watch. A rumor swept like wildfire through the crowd "She's coming, she's coming." But the rumor proved false and the watchers settled themselves to wait again. They were joined by scores of others until the dock was packed solidMost famous of all of the clipper ships, the Flying Cloud made ly with expectant humanity. which were never equalled. (From Bettman Archive.) records a went up. cry Suddenly "Thar she be, coming down In 1832 Mr. McKim had built a tain Waterman was born in New vessel of 493 tons and 143 feet long York May 4, 1808. At the age of the channel. The beauty!" Moving with infinite grace the clipper ship. Falcon, was coming into port, bearing the year's first cargo of tea from Foochow, China, to London. She had made the voyage in 110 days, beating her rivals, Ellen Rodgers, Robin Hood, Chrysolite and Ziba, into port and so won a fortune for her owners. Despite the fact the Falcon was heading for an English and port, she was American-bui- lt was one of the great line of clipper ships, constructed on American ways, which made sea history. There is no more dramatic era of the sea than that of the clipper ships, an era which was recalled a few weeks ago by announcement of the Tea Bureau, Inc., that for the second time in history this country's annual imports of tea had passed the 100,000,000 pound mark. During the Nineteenth century the arrival of the first cargo of new tea into port meant a fortune for its owner, and the clipper ship races bore all the elements of great sporting events. In fact, the races were recorded on canvas by noted painters of the day and have since formed the theme of many books both of an historic and fictional nature. So great was the interest of both tea traders and citizens of London in the clipper races that they have been rivaled only by the famous English derby. It was, in fact, the clipper races which inspired another series of historic contests of our own time, the Sir Thomas Lipton yacht races. Often only the rise and fall of a tide separated the winner from her nearest competitor. Upon one occasion a race was won by a matter of 20 minutes. This was the contest between the Taeping and the Ariel, which became known which he christened the Anne McKim. The vessel proved to be one of the fastest on the China run, but her carrying capacity was much smaller than that of slower vessels. However, she well served her purpose since she inspired two enterprising marine architects, John Willis Griffiths and Donald McKay, to design a type of sailing vessel from which was evolved the extreme clipper. The Anne McKim was followed by the Rainbow, designed by Griffiths and launched in New York in 1845. The design was so revolutionary that argument became hot as to whether she would float or sink. But she exceeded even the hopes of her designer. She started her maiden voyage to China in February and was back in New York in September, having paid her cost of $45,000 and returned to her owners, Howland and Aspinwall, an equal amount in profit. She did even better on her second voyage when she made the round trip so speedily that she brought back to New York news of her own arrival in Canton. Actually she made the round trip faster than any other ship could sail one way, 92 days out and 88 days back. Interestingly enough, it was the arrival of a cargo of tea on a clipper ship in 1859 that paved the way for our modern system of chain store merchandising and distribution which has revolutionized both production and marketing. A bewhiskered young New Englander by the name of George Huntington Hartford purchased a few chests of tea from a clipper ship just in port with a new cargo, dealing directly with the owner of the tea instead of with a broker as was then the custom. At this time, despite its extensive importation, tea was still a luxury item beyond the reach of the average citizen, the many hands through which it passed before reaching the citizens being largely responsible for this high price. Mr. Hartford put his tea up in small packages and sold it from door to door at a fraction of what it would have cost had the tea passed through the usual number of hands on the way to the consumer. The venture was so successful that he tried it again with a larger purchase of tea and thus gained the idea for the system of mass distribution and merchandising upon which the oldest and largest of the nation's food chains was founded. Within eight years after Mr. Hartford's original venture the price of tea had been brought down to within reach of the man earning a small livelihood. Methods used in the distribution of tea proved so popular with the consumer that they were later translated into the sale of all other types of food products. Thus was established the system of moving goods direct from producer to consumer in large quantities, making possible substantial savings. 'Captains Courageous.' Captains and crews of the clipper ships were as colorful as the Both played ships themselves. leading roles in the success of a voyage and the speed with which the ocean was spanned. Writing of famous ships of the clipper era, Richard C. McKay says, "A sail: ing ship is an exceedingly complex, sensitive and capricious creation, quite as much so as most human beings. Her coquetry and exasperating deviltry have been the delight and despair of seamen's hearts at least since the days when the wise, though Solomon declared that among the things that were too wonderful for him and which he knew not was 'the way of a ship in the midst of a sea'." One of the most famous of all of the clipper ship captains was Robert H. Waterman, first commander of the Sea Witch. Cap much-marrie- d, twelve he shipped on a vessel bound for China. He became mate on the Britannia under Captain Charles H. Marshall and speedily won a reputation for keeping his vessel in excellent shape as well as maintaining order among steerage passengers and crew. At the age of twenty-fiv- e he was made a captain and in 1843 took command of the Natchez, one of the New Orleans packet boats which had been built by Isaac Webb in 1831. Although the Natchez was known as an exceptionally slow ship, Captain Waterman made the voyage from Canton to New York in 78 days, during which he covered 13,955 miles. Upon his arrival in New York he was given an ovation which in those days was comparable to a typical New York welcome in hopor of a pioneer in aviation. The owners of the Natchez, Howland and Aspinwall, were so favorably impressed by his feat that they had built for him the Sea Witch, which was launched in 1846 and was one of the fleetest of the clipper ships. Among the stories growing out of Captain Waterman's feats in beating competing clippers into port with tea cargoes was one to the effect that he "carried sail too hard" and then put padlocks on the sails in order to prevent members of his crew from cutting it away. Crews of the American clippers were a polyglot lot with frequently as many as seven nationalities represented on one ship. It was said of them that they "worked like horses at sea and spent their money like asses ashore." In any event, it was a commonplace occurrence before a vessel sailed for at least half and often times more members of the crew to be lifted aboard like sacks, as the celebraresult of tions on land. Once on board, however, they were speedily sobered up and for the duration of the voyage they rarely if ever saw any alcoholic beverages. A Society Event. Departure of the clippers was the occasion for a gathering of smart New York society at Battery Park, which was then a fashionable resort. When the vessels had finished loading cargo they would drop down to East river and anchor off the park, usually under their own sail as tug boats were both scarce and slow. New York society went to the park to hear the sailors sing their sea chanties which were an important part of sea life. Songs gave zest and cheeriness to life aboard ship. If the crew knocked off chantey-inthen something was definitely wrong and the captain started to worry. These songs originated early in the Nineteenth century with negro stevedores in Mobile and New Orleans, from whom the sailors aboard the packet boats learned them. Rates these clipper ships earned from New York to Hong Kong seem almost incredible nowadays. In 1850 the Samuel Russell received $60 per ton of 40 cubic feet. This clipper was registered as 940 tons and being a sharp ship could not carry more than 1,200 tons but her freight cargo would still amount to $72,000. Today owners of vessels plying from New York to Hong Kong regard $12 a ton as a good price. Opening of the Suez canal in 18G9 rang the knell for the clipper ships since it gave the steamships an advantage they had not possessed when it was necessary to watch every pound of coal. As steamships rapidly replaced the clippers for tea cargoes, the latter drifted into the Australian trade, where wool gave them another opportunity. But the day of their glory was finished and their proud traditions waned until they were little more than worn-ofreighters toiling through seas over which they had once held sway. my first backache, due to in- e ooo COLUMN jury (braking my car) required a supporting brace (Goldthwait) for four years; the second attack, due to infected tonsils, disappeared when tonsils were removed; and the third and fourth attacks, due to infected teeth, disappeared when these teeth were removed. Baking soda is one of the best known agents for cleaning glass- ware. tu w vu m ut m mr- - m 00 Protect the mattress from tearing and from dust by a muslin mattress cover, and by placing a mattress pad between the spring and the mattress. Worth the Grind It is the climb that puts on mus- o cle. Anything worth having is By boiling old mason jar lids in never cheap. God has no bargain-counte- rs for even His poor or a gallon of water to which has With the backache due to injury I been added a cup of vinegar you weak. It hurts to fall down, but found that by assuming a certain can remove that ancient strengthens us to pick ourselves position in bed I up. L. 2L Talbot. could be free of pain. With the backaches due to Infection and (tonsils teeth), I found that the pain was worse when I was at rest and was less painful when I was up and walking about. W181 many pinna i Inrliiriin m m rfv. Dr. Barton self, fail to remember, however, is that the backache due to injury may come on slowly because the injury it not due to some sudden strain but to some slow steady strain on the back. Many cases are due to men and women allowing themselves to become overweight, particularly over the abdomen. The increased weight of the abdomen causes a pulling on the joint between the spinal column and the hip bones. This causes not only backache but often severe pain down the upper leg sciaUca. In these cases, reducing the weight and the wearing of an "uplifting" abdominal belt takes the train off these joints and gives great relief. Abdominal Belt Also for , Underweights. However, those who are underweight may also nave this pain if they are physically weak and do not stand correctly. Here also an abdominal belt is of help. Also, as men and women grow older and weaker there is an extra strain on the joints and muscles of the lower back. The thought then in all cases of backache is to try to find the cause. While trying to find the cause injury, infection, poor posture heat in any form Is good treatment Heat not only soothes the nerves but relaxes the muscles, thus taking much of the "pull" or tension off the muscles and ligaments surrounding the affected part LVEil ic -- e Tooth Disorders and Trifacial Neuralgia of the drug companies has to the medical and dental profession an accurate and complete illustration of the distribution of the "fifth" nerve. The illustration shows how branches, large and small, go to every part of the face, jaws, cheeks, throat and to each individual tooth. I had it framed and it hangs on the wall of my office as I can so easily point out how one tiny nerve ending in a tooth can start pain in the large group of nerve fibers under the ear and cause that agonizing pain called tic dolo-reuor trifacial neuralgia. That other conditions of the teeth aside from impacted wisdom teeth may be causing this severe trifacial neuralgia is stated by Dr. M. Mel-chiin the Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology. Copenhagen. Dangers or Extracting Teeth. Dr. Melchior is very emphatic in pointing out the danger following extraction of the teeth. Pieces of the root or splinters of bone from the bony socket often remain which may heal into the jaw without causing any symptoms but which, after many years, may be the concealed cause of severe neuralgias. Extraction of the teeth may develop little nerve tumors, thin ridges of bone, and fractures of the sides of the bony sockets in the jaw bone. Some of the pieces of bone stick out as bony edges and cut into the lining membrane of the mouth. These sharp edges are of course struck by food or other substances in the mouth, causing continuous in- ! I ....&. l.l junea or Bareness wiui resulting infections. The treatment for such cases is the removal of these jagged pieces of bone. f Driving ACCIDENTS 1 I DOUBLED in Winter J JUST WHEN DRIVING IS MOST IMPORTANT I JS The best drivers need WEEDS the best buy in tire chains carried by the best dealers. WEED AMERICAN CHAINS keep your car on the road and out of the repair shop. They keep you oa the job and out of the hos- WEED CHAINS give you more than pitaL LOOK FOR THI double mileage. Their bidden values WEED CHAIN SNOW GIRL provide greater protection. WEED engineers make certain of results by testing WEED CHAINS continuously in the laboratory, and on the road But the tens of thousands of car owners who wouldn't drive on a snowy, slippery, winter road without WEEDS are your best assurance that these chains are right Get the genuine:ask for WEED ONE ed AMERICAN CHAINS Made by American Chain &. Cable IrUirmWWtW'mEWl vs2 ComfTH x, or I g ut Apples peeled, cored and baked in pineapple juice make a new and tempting dish. adding the unbeaten white of an egg. HEALTH My full-poop- ed trans-Atlant- fiiiM and money... nourishing.., order, today, from your grocer. if his back were hurting him Use a clean sheet of wrapping I want to stop and tell him paper to roll piei and pastry on. It saves a lot of cleaning up later. about the back00 I aches have TODAY'S If cream Is too thin to whip, try had in time. WAS three-quarte- and fJeasurm . . . sovei cooking Fainting the top and bottom cellar steps white may save many WHENEVER I see a man as IReteaard by Western Newspaper Union. t for parties THE HOUSE Released by Weetera Newipaper Union.) By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Delicious t i Finds Opportunity Secret With One A secret is seldom safe in mora great man ever complains of lack of opportunity. Emerson. than one breast. Swift No In SALT LAKE THE HOTEL Choice of theDucriminatingTraveUr QUESTION BOX 400 What is sebum? What does it Sebnm Is the name of the natural oil that is made in little oil sacs or sacks la lower part of skin. II comes np to surface of skin and keeps skin soft and pliabe. Q. Docs the plan mean to eat more food in the 24 hours? A. No. Part of lunch and evening dinner Is eaten at 11 a. m. and 4 p. m. ROOMS 400 BATHS Rates: $2.00 to $4.00 do? A. M IW e Q. CITY $200,000.00 remodeling and refurnishing; program has made available the finest hotel accommodation In the Our West AT OUR SAME POPULAR PRICES. CAFETERIA DINING ROOM MRS. J. BUFFET DANCE The BamiHfiM H. WATEIS, rVtifcW Manapin DINE -- J.HOIMAN WATERS ami W. ROSS SUTTON MIRROR. ROOM EVEIT SATURDAY EVENING |