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Show THE BULLETIN Wilkes, our first Antarctic explorer, was a native of New York city, having been born there April 3, 1798. It is an interesting fact that his name is better known in most Americans in connection with an incident which occurred two decades later than it is for his polar discoveries. That inFor Farther Use cident was the famous "Trent affair" of 1861. McTavish called at the head office of his bank and asked to see In 1855 Wilkes was commissioned captain and at the out- the general manager. "Have you a card, air?" he was break of the Civil war in 1861 hi asked. "Aye, I have that" replied McTavish, "but first let me see if yer hands are clean." Silhouette Hour-Glas- s Is a 'Must Fashion Wilkes' Discovery of New Continent miles One Hundred Years Ago Gave America Its First Claim to Antarctic Lands By ELMO SCOTT WATSON tReleaeed by Western Newspaper Union.) recent departure of Admiral Richard THE "De women ever listen to anything?" asks "Husband." Watch them when money talks. E. Byrd for his third expedition into the Antarctic, an expedition which has three purposes exploration, scientific investigation and, most important of all, strengthening any future claims of the United States on territory in the region of the South Pole "fader him yea teere a poet," 'Oh, rm xfad to hour tncf." Tea, the but of my boy ho tried to throw out teas a amateur boxer." recalls another intrepid 100 years ago. He was Lieut. Charles N. Wilkes of the United States navy, who, on January 16, 1840, was the first to discover the exist ence of a continent in the Antarctic sea. A 8567. 'T'HIS really a "must" fashion for this season when your figure should by all means have the delicately rounded, smalkwalsted look that distinguished the gracious ladies of the eighties. Gathers on the shoulders and at the waistline, gathers on each side of the front skirt panel which flat tens your diaphragm beautifully that's all the detailing there is to 8567, so that anybody can make it without any trouble at alL And the result is a charmingly elegant, fashion that you'll love for afternoon and general Is tiny-waist- ed wear. Make It of wool broadcloth, faille, flat crepe or sheer velvet, and revel in the satisfaction of dress that having an ultra-sma- rt looks expensive and costs really very little. Pattern No. 8567 la designed for sizes 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 40. 14 requires 414 yards of As has been the case in so many parts of the world, Great Britain was the first nation to assert sovereignty over Antarctica. Her claims go back to January 17, 1773, when Capt. James Cook crossed the Antarctic circle for the first time in history. A year later he reached what was then "farthest south" (even though it was 1,318 miles from the South pole!) and discovered a land which he named the Isle of Geor- gia, in honor of George III, and Sandwich land, in honor of the fourth earl of Sandwich, first lord of the admiralty during the American Revolution. In 1823 James Weddell of the British royal navy discovered the sea which now bears his name and set a new "farthest south" record or 1,102 miles from the pole. Soon after that the famous whaling firm of Enderby in London became interested in Antarctic exploration and sent out several expeditions. In one of them in 1830 James Briscoe of the Brit- - The Vincennes in Disappointment bay From an illustration In Wilkes "Narratives." Among them was Titian believed to be land were visible Peale, artist and naturalist, the from all three vessels, and the third of the famous Maryland comparison of the three observahim. artist family. Friction and jeal- ousy sprang up among the officers of the command. The commander of the Peacock was senior to Wilkes in the navy, thus requiring a delicacy and tact almost impossible during the cruise and always galling for so downright and headstrong a man as Wilkes. The crew was insubordinate, and there were 125 desertions during the cruise. Wilkes set sail from Hampton Roads, Va., on August 18, 1838, and after a goodwill cruise down the coast of eastern South America, he rounded Cape Horn and arrived off Tierra del Fuego February 17, 1839. Winter came on Four almost immediately. months later the vessels scattered east and west for polar explorations. The little Sea Gull and its entire company went down to death in a storm, and this catastrophe increased the depression Size 39-in- fabric with three-quartlength sleeves; 4Vi yards, with short er sleeves. Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., 149 New Montgomery Ave., San Francisco, Calif. Patterns 15 cents (in coins) each. Metaphorical Flight A Vermont lawyer who got his metaphores mixed up, closed his argument in a trover case as follows: "And now gentlemen of the The Porpoise in an Antarctic gale From an illustration in jury, comes the defendant with Wilkes "Narratives." lying footsteps, with the cloak of in and his puts hypocrisy mouth, his hands into the pockets of my lsh navy discovered and named of the --captain and the fear and y discontent of his crew. From poor defenseless client and took Kemp land, and in 1839 John discovered and named the May to November the squadron therefrom two oxen and a pig." made a great sweep across the Balleny islands. Boston Globe. South Pacific to Australia. To Aid Whalers. On December 26 Wilkes led his By this time the United States of four vessels, the Vinsquadron had become interested in South which he commanded cennes, polar exploration also, and in 1836 himself; the Peacock, commandThe Better Way to congress authorized an expedi- ed by Capt William L. Hudson; tion which was intended primar- the Correct Constipation Porpoise, commanded by brig into assist American ily whaling Commander Lieut Cadwalader dustries in competing with the One way to treat constipation li and the tender, Flying to endure it first and care" tt British by recharting and routing Ringgold; out of Sydney harbor and afterward. The other way Ji to the South Pacific islands, locating Fish, headed for Macquarie island, the avoid having tt by getting at lu indusand areas islands, whaling cauu. Bo why not aave yourself rendezvous. Within a week trial prospects. Antarctic explo- first those dull headachy days, plus after leaving Sydney the Flying the inevitable trips to the mediration was a secondary purpose. Fish and the Peacock out cine chest, If you ean do it by a For this reason the expedition of sight in the fog. dropped "ounce of Then the simple common-senwas not fitted out with vessels prevention"? If your trouble, like that ef selected to buck ice especially millions, is due to lack of "bulk" packs or withstand polar winters; In the diet, "the better way" Is to n. they were ordinary naval vessels This eat Kellogg's at of thin walls, weak prows and excrunchy, toasted, cereal has Just the "bulk" you posed rudders. The two larger need. If you eat it rrevlariy-an- d vessels, the Vincennes and the drink plenty of water you ean Peacock, had the added disadnot only tret regular but keep vantage of a superimposed gun regular, day after day and month is made after month I deck and exposed open gun ports by Keilogg's in Battle Creek. If in the lower deck. There was your condition is chronic, tt is poor and inadequate stowage wise to consult a physician. space for food and medical supplies and water and a very small supply of fuel. If Lieut. Charles WNU W 340 N. Wilkes of the United States navy, commander of the expediIlollow Glory and tion, had been The paths of glory lead but to forced to winter within the Antarctic circle, he and his entire the grave. party would have been frozen or starved to death. The five ships that made the cruise, the sloops Porpoise disappeared but Wilkes Vincennes and Peacock, the pushed on southward in the Vin.';ijf, storeship Relief, the brig Por- cennes. poise and the tenders Sea Gull Finds a New Continent. and Flying Fish, totaled less than By January 16, 1840, he had 2.000 tons, and yet carried a crew kidneys function badly and 66 degrees south latitude reached WHENsuffer 440 men. This meant cramped of nagging backache, found the Peacock and had and with diiziness, burning, scanty or too quarters, with foul air and lack the Porpoise. They were now freaucnt urination and getting up at of space for isolation in case of confronted an ice barrier, but night; when you feel tired, nervous, sickness. Also, the authorities the crews ofbythe use Doan't Pills. alfupset remaining ships to stock failed the had squadron Doss's arc especially for poorly reported that appearances beto with prevent working kidneys. Millions of boxes yond the barrier seemed to indiscurvy. art used every year. They are recomcate land, and in his report mended the country over. Ask your Wilkes lias Troubles. Wilkes sets January 16, 1840, as neighbor! Further to add to the diflicul the date of the discovery of a ties, Wilkes began to show con- new continent. descension and almost open conConcerning this Wilkes writes narrative of tempt to the group of civilian sci- in his entists that had been assigned the expedition that "appearances Bal-len- se All-Bra- ready-to-e- All-Br- pop cow MLS miaous American explorer who gave us our first claim to that coun- try just Easy Task pUutd when I told seat very an - ice-trapp- ed ... cs five-volu- tions, when taken in connection with the more positive proofs of its existence afterward obtained, has left no doubt that the appearance was not deceptive. From this day, therefore, we date the discovery which is claimed for the squadron." From the Peacock the mountains could be distinctly seen "stretching to the southwest as far as anything could be discerned." More Discoveries. the nineteenth, "land was certainly visible from the Vincennes, both to the and southwest hi the former direction most distinctly." The same day Hudson, in the Peacock, saw what appeared to be an immense land mass, 3,000 feet On now south-southe- ast high and covered with snow. On the twenty-secon- d, twenty-thir- d and twenty-eight- h there were more "appearances of land," the proximity of which was further indicated by the discoloration of the water and the character of the bottom shown by soundings. On the thirtieth the Vincennes entered an Indentation of the icebound coast which was named Piners bay. "We approached," says Wilkes, "within half a mile of the dark volcanic rocks, which appeared on both aides of us, and saw the land gradually rising beyond the ice to the height of 3,000 feet It could be distinctly seen extending to the east and west of our position fully 60 miles. Now that all were convinced of its existence, I gave the land the name of the Antarctic continent" ' On February 13 was placed in command of the sloop, San Jacinto. On November 8 the San Jacinto encountered the English mail steamer, Trent which was on its way from . A Day Lest Havana to St Thomas in the West The most completely lost of all Indies. Aboard the steamer on this voyage were John Slidell of days is that on which one has not Louisiana and James M. Mason laughed. Chamfort of Virginia, who had been appointed commissioners to enlist the sympathy and aid of France and Great Britain for the Confederate cause. sustURiuiM fair I NQ create protect natural The San Jacinto easily overtook hot tattaitein that qnalitiee rains mean enwa... H miUtua, the Trent which hoisted the Engdelicate flavor B tMtKn test. lish colors while Wilkes ran up WOUsiMa H JvyaMflst t s BBBeevJI COOfca? cHmDB the Stars and Stripes and fired a ajsjpjpB shot across the Trent's bow as a signal for her to stop.. When the British captain paid no attention to this summons the San Jacinto sent a shell screaming across the water in front of her. Then the Briton hove to. Wilkes ordered Lieutenant Fairfax to man two boats and board the Trent When the lieutenant did so and asked permission of the captain to see bis passenger list the request was refused. However, Fairfax, seeing Mason and Slidell, and their secretaries, Messrs. Eustis and on the deck informed them that he had orders to take them aboard the San Jacinto. Over the vigorous protest of the British captain this was done, al-- mi. I sj WITH Me-Farla- CAMELS SLOWER BURNING YOU GET the record notes: "Land distinctly seen from 18 to 20 miles distant, a lofty mountain range covered with snow." The following day land was again seen. On the four- teenth: "By measurement the though the families of the four extent of coast of the Antarctic continent, which was then in sight 75 miles and 3,000 feet high." Land Named for Him. Wilkes turned north when in about 97 degrees 40 minutes east, 64 degrees 1 minute south, after having skirted the Antarctic coast for fully 1,700 miles. What he had actually discovered was the large segment of Antarctica afterward named Wilkes land in his honor. On March 11, 1840, Wilkes arrived at Sydney and wrote to the secretary of the navy: "It affords me much gratification to report that we have discovered a large body of land within the Antarctic circle, which I have named the Antarctic continent, and refer you to the report of our cruise and accompanying charts, enclosed herewith, for full information relative thereto." On March 13 the Sydney Herald published a long account of the expedition, in which appeared the first printed notice of the fact that a continent had been discovered in the Antarctic. Before the end of the year a similar announcement was published in London. Wilkes' expedition, made in sailing ships which lacked the special equipment usually regarded as indispensable by polar explorers, was a daring and splendid venture. Some of the positions he assigned to the coast have since been proved to be inaccurate and some of his "appearances of land" were probably ice, but the fact is undeniable that he found a vast stretch of Antarctic coast where no land of any kind was previously supposed to exist and that the knowledge we possess today concerning the outlines of the Antarctic continent began to take definite shape with his discoveries. But, most Important of all, those discoveries gave the United States a real basis for its claims in Antarctica and some day if we wish to establish airplane bases there that may be a very important fact indeed. Confederates were allowed to remain on the Trent which continued on its way to England. Hero of the Hour. Captain Wilkes took his prisoners to Boston where they were imprisoned in Fort Warren. Their .WEgasg created a sensation throughout the country and for a time Wilkes was the hero of the hour. His act was indorsed by the secretary of the navy who wrote the captain a letter of thanks and he received a similar letter from congress. . Bancapture quets and receptions were given him in Boston, New York and Washington. But over in England the affair was viewed in a very different light The British government made a peremptory demand upon the government of the United States for the restoration of the prisoners and an official apology for Wilkes' insult to the British flag and his violation of international law. For a time it seemed that the United States and England might be embroiled in a war over the incident for popular feeling in this country was running as high as it was across the Atlantic. Fortunately, however, President Lincoln and his secretary of State, William H. Seward, were unswayed by public opinion. They ordered the prisoners surrendered on the ground that Captain Wilkes had erred in not carrying the Trent to m nntrni port to have the case adjudicated oerore a prize court In acting as the judge himself and practically executing his own decree the captain had technically committed a violation of international law for which the only redress was the restoration of the status MirrfMTT II fflTMTMnf in ii mm II 111 Tim u . quo. Several years later the Royal Geographical society of England presented him with a gold medal in recognition of his work as an It was also striking explorer. evidence of the fact that the English people bore him no because of his action in thu affair. He died in Washington on ill-w- ill Tnt r eoruary a, 1877. la recent laboratory boned 2555 tests, CAMELS thwtr than the average of the 15 other of the largest- - selling brands tastedslower thsa mny of them. That means, oa the average, smoking plus equal to EXTRA SMOKES PER PACK |