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Show I IT Indian History To Be Enriched SOMETHING TO THINK ABOUT It pound very good to bur Governorolest Maw Bones Found in Buried City On Park Site Expected To Add to Lore. A national MEMPHIS. park service officer picked up the bones of an ancient skeleton' and piece of broken pottery and predicted that such relics as thus found in the ruins of a city buried for perhape 10 eenturiee may unravel a new chapter in North American history. The ancient buried city waa found just a few miles from Memphis, and although it had been there since long before tha white man came to this country, it Is not linked with modern history by feet or legend. Preliminary research by archeologists of the national park service indicate that this city once was inhabited by several Indian tribes living peacefully together, or that It was fought for as prize of war and changed hands many times. Six Kaeea Once There. sty that It is often assumed that briar pipes are made from the wood or root of the briar rose. This Is not so; they are made from the root of the Mediterranean heath bruy-erwhere St Raphael is the center. The word briar in really a corruption of bruyere," according to a writer in London Tit Bits. Pipes have a long history. The first mention of inhaling smoke by the Indian was in 1520; tbe method was a forked cane, tbe double end being inserted in the nostrils while the other end was held over the burning herb. From that they changed to the clay pipe, not unlike the ones need In modern times, only very much smaller, and the smoke was exiielled through the nostrils to obtain the full narcotic benefit of the expensive herb. Other pipes that were used were the These were Pipes of Peace." passed round the warriors In order of their rank and age. Also the Indian War ripe, which had the bowl protruding from one end of the ax. These were the earliest types smoked by the North American Indiana. Here are some examples of pipes enjoyed by other nations. The Laplanders nsed thin Iron and walrus teeth. The West coast tribes of Africa used soapstone, which Is a soft substance, easily carved and molded, and unaffected by heat. In India and Persia, hookahs, which look somewhat like a coffee percolator at first sight, are popular. Turkey uses much the same thing, but they have another type with a very long stem, the bottom of which Is shaped Uke a foot to allow it to rest on the ground while smoking. e, Early Postal Sarvice August 5, 1830k President James K. Polk wrote, In a special It is impormessage to congress: tant that mall facilities, so. Indispensable to the diffusion of Information, and for binding together the different portions of our extended Confederacy, should be afforded to our citlxens west of the This recomRocky mountains. mendation led to the establishment of tbe first regular postal service between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Once a month In each direction, malls were carried by steamer between New York and Ch agree and between Panama and Astoria, Ore. Across the Isthmus of Panama carriage was at first by canoes and mules and later by railroad. The transisthmian service was later supplanted by the famous Overland Mall. Capt Cimpr'"n f Whimcpng . On sau J Dr. OLIN Attendance at Museum Is Boosted by Meteorite SCHENECTADY, N. Y.A frag- ment from a meteorite which struck the earth centuries ago la boosting attendance at the Schenectady mu- The piece was chipped from a huge meteorite which gouged a crater near Canyon Diablo, Aril. Indian legends speak of a earning dragon which flew across the sky and thundered into the earth. Museum curators believe it was the meteorite to which the legend re500-fo- ot I The crater dug by flic falling body was believed at first to be an The only craters volcano comparable in size are those visible on the moon, scientists say. ex-tin- ct OPTOMETRIST KING Very Complete Optical Service 1 302 FIRST NATL BANK BLDG. Phone, Dial 46 Alfred Sorensen, Progressive K .TEWELE 75 Emit 2nd. South Jewelry, Watch, Kodak Repairing 40 Yean In Halt Lake We carenrojeUeMhaivef IF YOU WANT 0. K. SHOE REPAIRING you must go to the 0. K. SHOE SHOP 414 So. State Street John at Moderate Prices C,F.r vmtr Shoes Repaired OLD AGE PENSIONS. Three years Membership in the Annuity Benefit Federation qualifies you for ajPoderal Annuity (pension) of S25.75 per the amount for your month at aife 63 or older, plus as long as you both the for twolor month you per live. If you die first 'your wife will gets 19.31 a month as she survives you. Membership fee S3 00 per month. one-ha- lf wife-S33.6- 2 write annuity benefit federation, 160 No. Msin.Salt Lake City , care Apt. 71, for(Membership Application Blank. By O' or favor I New iesifil Or4er DR. GBO. A. WILSON voi C. Stewart, superintend- R THE WONOMIAN PROGRAM FOR CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Chapter VII If by saying we are civilised it is meant that wa have more machinery how! and gprimitive man had, then we are civilised. If, ever, it is man himself who is supposed to be civilized, we are yet a long way off. For man's nature has changed but little from its primitive phases; robbing and killing, with no moral restraint. War and fighting are but primitive methods of settling differences. Or, if it is meant that man is civilised because he can use better language, diem in better clothes, live in better homes, eat better food and have more of the comforts of life, then ha is civilised. But, if to be civilised, it is meant maw raw get along more harmoniously with his fellow men and desires no znora thaw what rightly or justly should bo his or belong to then he is still very much uncivilised. So real civilization is more a question of which ride of mans nature Jmwiwataa his life, and of giving man tha sort of training that it si g-- Ris Payments Based on Land Improvement; Roosevelt Suggests U. S. loan War Material to England. Crop w larm,adB UteUaatd by Western Xowopapor Union.) w You may have WASHINGTON. 1 ut extra-curriculu- m well-plann- ed vento-electri- 100-wa- l vcnto-electri- ar all Gatekeeper's Thumb Affects Prison Guard COLUMBIA. S, C. Scrgt R. L. Wright of the state penitennew ailment tiary guard has to bother him. Wright is suffering from gatekeeper's thumb. His thumb has become Inflamed because of the dozens of time each day he has to twist the huge key which locks and unlocks the prison's main gate. P Promotes Soil Betterment (CONTINUED) heard about fee "Alabama plan of h", the Triple A which soma have laid to an attempt of reversing fee polsw icy of paying farmers tar not dom. t,;tw nature the Hwmiwating factor. Until this point ing" and rewarding them for "doI due consideration and the right sort of program worked out for ing. I And feat feo department of j, Ofman's higher development, man will never become civilized even though agriculture doesnt go that far. as it describe ficials there rather, reaches civilisation greater height!. that waa made by one tribe. Over our material not doing less for farmers paying HOW ACCOMPLISHED there is a type made by another but assuring them benefits for takIt should now be obvious that the only program worth while in ing part in a constructive program. tribe. Virtually every type of pottery ever made by Indians has been working to put humanity on a higher plane, is one that has for its basis This to fee way one member of found here. Many kinds have been on understanding of both rides of mans nature. TCiat alone could make the Triple A telle fee story: strucand unearthed whose design man a civilised being. The Wonomian system, baaed as it is upon an Down in Alabama they're trying, ture were not known to archeologists of mans true nature, his inborn aptitudes and tendencies, on a state-wid- e understanding basis, an experiment before. That, in itselt is proof recognize tha importance of this point. And has a cultural program in balanced that may evenfarming once races different that enough tually be a pattern to farm proarranged that will give his higher nature a chance to properly develop lived here. " will do more for man than to merely put an outer grams in other areas. Its known as Only a few excavations have been a program that made at the buried city, in which veneer over hie primitive nature which still remains under the surface tha "Alabama Plan" and It simply there are a dozen mounds similar ready to break through over the least provocation, fended or otherwise, a plan based on goodfive-ye-farming practices, which over a period, to the pyramids built by tha Aztecs, and give vent to his primitive instincts. provides to building up the soil and but historians already are convinced Three nasmitisls for a balanced life make up the Wonomian pro- otherwise Improving fee individual that one of the most Interesting dis- gram: A complete supply of the necessities of life; a thorough education; farm to the point where it becomes coveries of prehistoric life in North and adequate leisure " activities. The first two of these have already a productive unit America has been made by a email been given sufficient consideration under the headings of the WonOmian The Alabama plan to not complicrew of Civilian Conservation corps Set-u- p and the Wonomian Educations! System. From cated. It to part at the AAA farm enrollees who were clearing ground for the Negro park when they un- these discussions it should be obvious thst all Wonomahns can be adeprogram. It carries further than earthed a skeleton and thought they quately supplied with the things life requires end can be educated to be ever before tha conservation work had found the bones of a murdered happy, active, useful citizens. No programs are more complete than done under the AAA program. As man. Investigation proved that it these. It is now the leisure time program of the Wonomahns in which tinder previous AAA programs, farmers will receive conservation was the skeleton of man who lived we are interested. centuries ago. payments to planting within their THE CHILDRENS PROGRAM Want to Investigate. acreage allotments of special crops, The school day is divided. The forenoon for books, the afternoon such as cotton, tobacco, peanuts, The national park service immenature wheat and potatoes. However, undiately ordered that work on the for activities, covering: gymnastics, callisthenics, games, sports, education si art the or Alabama Plan, in the museum, mounds until itudies, der the hikes; through gallery, halted tripe be project and their contents could be ex- various industries, mines, forms, etc., or visits to other parte of the operation to the first time in 1841, amined. After a preliminary study state or wtimi, for first-han- d information tha things necessary to give full payments made to Alabama of tiie site, they ordered a rounded-omust include play aa well as book learni- farmers will be contingent upon carwhich education, that the Negro park be built on a ng. It is as necessary to learn how to play, how to give and take, and rying out of certain good farming nearby tract and that the site of the how to play the game with good sportsmanship, as it is to know all of practices. buried city be preserved for its hisPlanned Conservatism. tha book subjects, if one is to be really educated. All of which is carried torical value. The difference between the Alaunder direction the The national park service plane to out according to a scientifically arranged program, bama Plan and tha general conserof and recreation education an experts. make vation program to about feo diff crcenter of the area. Blueprint! alThe activities, basketball, football, baseball and anes between going Into a cafeteria ready have been drawn and work field sports the things so necessary to build a school spirit and enthu- and picking out a dish or two that soon will begin on the first of 15 siasm far school are encouraged. Each season the champions for each you especially like end sitting down or more buildings, including a large mesL Heretofore, of activities are crowned; champions of the school, of the district, to a these constructed. be win museum, which fermera in Alabama and other of the honors. or and There tha of state to the are nation, highest top Present blueprints show plana for states have had available to them an amphitheater, a swimming pool be no weaklings or underdeveloped children among tha Wonomahns. certain practices which they could This for now other for oldsters. and recreation the the the coven youngsters; program picnic grounds, use to earn the payments available said for funds facilities. Stewart under fee farm program. They THE LEISURE TIME PROGRAM tills would be provided by federal have used many of these but naturand state governments. The Wonomahni day starts at 8 a. m. and he works only until noon, ally they have not always picked out unless oa shift work; than ha works different hours, but still only four fee best combination of practices the land. Thst was fee cafeteria College Girls Prefer boon a day. Taking two hours for lunch, he can taka hie time and to method of soil conservation. Under War Mechanics Training enjoy his meoL Following lunch, ho may spend the afternoon working the Alabama Plan, fee conservation TROY, N. Y. Russell Sage col- around his lot in an effort to win a prise for tha beat flower garden, program worked out to each farm lege glrla participating in a defense beet kept lawn or the most beautiful home. It may be that his time represents a balanced type of farmtraining program for women favor will bo spent in research work or following a hobby. Ho may want to ing. Thats fee meal the everyday mechanics job. go fishing or hunting with friends, so off they go. The soft baB park type of conservation. When registration was conducted be an attraction, aa tha dairy team may be winning its important Not only to the conservation wen for the colleges training program may team. be Ha one the of their mining planned game to each year, but it to against leading may players, 14S girls chose the division of everyor a member of one of the other teems It may be that he is a golfer worked out for five years in advance. second choice The mechanics. day The Alabama Plan, like most courses. Naturwas emergency nursing, with 113 and enjoys a good game of golf frequently on well-ke- pt ally, when the Mg league ball games are played, he must be there parts of fee farm program, came girls enrolling. Other courses and enrollments in- rooting for hie favorite teem Or he may want to spend the afternoon from suggestions from formers cluded: on an airplane trip or motoring with his family. Which over it is, there themselves who have observed the Clerical training. 108; feeding and are plenty of things to do in healthful activities, sufficient to keep him operation of fee farm program and mads suggestions on it from time nutrition, 85; relief work, 77; forum active and in a good state of health. to time. Alabama farmers have felt technique, 73; teaching skills, SI; censorship and military intelligence, His evenings likewise are arranged for outlets in other phases of fee need for more planning and more balance in their conservation 19; clothing, 16; and scientific tech- his nature. For entertainment, good motion pictures can be seen cm any work and the AAA program bee niques, 8. in once the playhouse a week, a good drama, been adapted to make it possible Students In agreement with the night except' Sunday; three times a year, a good opera and, as the crowning event of the to this state-wid- e experiment In faculty eliminated 15 of their usual extra curricular activities In order to season, a grand opera. Add to these, band concerts, pageants of histo- I conservation to be undertaken berical events, lectures on national or international affairs or on educa-- ginning in 1941. Inaugurate defense training. tional subjects, dances, religious activities, etc., for evenings out. At the The Alabama farmers who want home, good radio programs free from advertisements except tor an- this type of program believe that Winds to May Utilize nouncements of important events, talking books, television programs, a farmer who does not take care of hi soil should not receive the full Light Homes in Vermont parties and hobbies. benefits under the farm program. RUTLAND, VT. New England The actors, actresses, musicians and radio entertainers an recruited winds soon may light the homes of Requirements f Plan. 1.000 families. from among tha graduates of the colleges in voice, drama and music. Here's what the Alabama farmer c An Initial experimental Proving their ability first in minor plays and concerts, the more out- has to do to avoid deductions In his station to be constructed standing artists an advanced to the philharmonic orchestra and the conservation payments to 1941: atop Grandpas Knob in tha Green L Grow erosion-restatin- g crops mountains near here will produce open or the radio; tha cream of whom shall become the members of on an acreage equal to 1.000 kilowatts enough power to the grand opera. All of which shall assun the beat talent r"iMv for each year 28 at least per cent of hta cropland. tt lights apiece for all entertainments and sesun entertainments of the highest type. light five 2. Properly terrace an cropland 2.000 families. In tha farm having a slope In excess THE RESULTS Baaed on studies of engineers and of 2 per cent c powscientists, fee With such programs to follow from childhood up, how can a member Establish or maintain perennial er plant is wind turbine, using crops on at least oh vanes like fee wing of the largest help having his higher natun develop? And, with hie better self in modern bombing planes to gener- control, will not his primitive the law of the fang and claw natun be sere for each 15 seres of cropland. 4. Establish or maintain permanent crowded into the background, when it will cesao to be a strong influate electrical power. encing factor in his life? Certainly. Then can the reel civilisation of pasture on at least one aero for each 15 acres of cropland. man taka place. Only such a program as this can make Molotoff a Comrade but " civilised. Requirement No. 1 has to be carried out each year, of course, but Hitler a 'Mr.' to Russia Mon so is true in connection with Wonomian programs for numbers 2, 2, and 4 are to be done M OSCO W .The Communist party security, and tha educational development of tha real maw, in )... y over a five-yeof period. One-fift-h Pravda his frontwith berried inborn aptitudes and tendencies; which assures --h a newspaper Kf-fee requirements under points 2, 2, page photograph of Premier Molo the things necessary to make hi life full and complete leaving end 4 must be carried out each year. toff and Adolf Hitler at Berlin, cep nothing his neighbor has that ho could want, for ha has equal rights Deductions in fee farmers contloned: and equal privileges. Which means that he can live Comrade V. M. Molotoff and Mr harmoniously and servation payments will be made on A. Hitler In the new Reich Chan peacefully with his fellow men, while advancing to heights in life almost fee basis of 5 per cent of the payundreamed of. Such is what it means to be civilized and to have cellery. a real ment to each 10 per cent by which ' he fails to carry out the 1941 requireThe photograph showed both civilisation. ments. standing, feeing the camera. Behind them wen members of fee Nazi The Alabama Plan to resulting in more Fuehrer's entourage. among farmers In many cases. For example, operators of smell farms are not able to 400-ac- re Dr New AAA' Alabama Plan' Socio-conom- ic Salt Loaf in Ue Salt has been need in all ages and' all civilisations. Some of the oldest of trade routes came Into use for the traffic In salt. It was probably first used as an ailment when men was In transition from the nomadic stage to the settled, agricultural life. The Indians, though no such salt users as the civilised races, felt the need for It as all animals do and obtained It, like the wild beasts, at the licks and salt springs found In many places. In the coastal regions they usually got It from the sinks and ponds of the tide lands. ferred. CL ent of this archeological center and the near-b- y Shelby Negro state park, aid there was little doubt that at least half a dozen races once dwelt upon the site. But it has not been determined yet whether all lived peacefully together or whether the city changed hands many times dur-- j ing Indian wars. Old Custom In Britain Whispering campaigns are not new, sgys tbe Manchester Guardian. One of the stories against the duke of Newcastle was that he ran to George II, crying out that Pitts favorite general was quite mad. Mad, is her replied the king. Then I hope he will bite. some others of my generals. A famous case nearer our own time was that of William Ewart Gladstone. It was hot enough for the Cories of the seventies and eighties that Gladstone should be bad; he must be mad, too. A tory member was said to have remarked to a liberal : We are much better off than yon fOr a leader; ours Is only an unprincipled scoundrel, but yours Is a dangerous lunatic. There were all kinds of stories about Gladstones madness, fed with his collect erally associa. ing hqblta. Nilt QDll were jtravv gant things said about his china collections hut It was reported quite gravely that he had been to a toy shop and lied ordered the entire contents to be sent to his house. Money To Bi Al - he will make an effort to reduce the atate money- - pending agencies from 122 to 15. hat would indeed be a major aecom plishment. And he further proposee to reduce state expenses More power to him, May the mantle by about S5,000,0u0. of Moses fall upon him and stay with him nntil he has led the children of Zion out of their economie wilderness. And may he reate such a condition that never again will it be said that thousands of untive Utahans have to leave the state every year to make a living Soothing Pipe History Dates to Indian in 1526 A Plan For Econ National Neivl omic Security Without Far Farm Credit WASHINGTON. The volume of financing through the Farm Credit administration was larger In 1940 past. than to Farmers several years obtained 8480,-000,0- of credit during the first nlns months of feo year compared to 9418.000,000 in fee cor r .responding period at 1839. A Increase may also be fur-fea- tot maintain heavy equipmen, , to terracing. However, ,c,n form so qonylt to buy feta equipment, andeu their share on the bnu amount of time they use d it Tkat to the story-t- old bon standpoint of the Triple A. You better able to judge its merits I I am. Of course, if you hay views you would like to would be only too glad to hear t toad Of iH- - lf o sod No prob ! sbou ex, sad ef whit I torn Pnttdent MUl Announces Loaned1 Aid to Britain It was late as I hurried that Ditto iprii 05 tog) toe paved space In front of to ecutive offices. Tbe waiting n was Jammed. Overcoats were ; high on fee huge mahogany presented to tha President by Philippine General Aguinaldoi We were soon crowding th fee toner waiting room ind sa the ban and into the President1 1 office. The moment I hid worta my way forward and lt i President, I was sure he had i thing important to say. He laughing and chatting with the i pushed dose around his desk looked very serious. Finally the last reporter had c in. The President begin to ip He spoke slowly, deliberately; formally but seriously, aimoune his plan tor lending t leasing implements of wsr to f Britain. Because I had to broadcast afterward I was busy taking notes, but as I v. down fee words that would bs I tory some day, I suddenly Mi I nothing was real around mt. I Use 1M0 m iprii 1 1 1 pere toi i, tost cent 1941 tbs 1 mat thst 1(40 lbs long-await- fee 1933 fzrr is it ber ceir upa ReoaeveH Tells Story. It couldn't be thst tha other of the world was burning up--L a proud nation which claimed rule the Seven Seas waa b help feat I was actually i down on a piece of copy papw ' gigantic plan to bring that help. was simply too big to imp. could any one human being to sit down and draw up id feat involved these millions of I pie, feet must answer the a cross, conflicting hopes, beliefs, 1 muds and desires of half thef my pencil kept on to words and suddenly I ss they i writing down a simple little dote about a lot of men in a i car making bets. I This seemed still mors unrssl R to fee Presidents way of to illustrate frightfully eoi things wife very simple, ebm experiences. Ha told how, was fee young assistant secrctoiy1 fee navy back to 1914, war to wss suddenly declared and hi hurrying back to Washington. In the smoking ear with bimt a number of brokers and banks of "fee best economic brains called f President country" the no war They were saying that couMi last long. The bankers tor It to two and a half months ithoBl long eould fight nation money to the bank. obts post rars i to fees prel can fell vifl E mil ... feoi i i da ml cr bs CO Msney Not Essential. This, the President aid, bow wrong the accepted I were. History shows, he aAte 1 wr lost ever no country I of leek of money. And then he went on lessml lending his plan to Crest piemen ts of wsr instead of lending moneyIt no notes betora him but wNJI he had spent plenty I the his plan, thst It wss I thought. end study I merits Whatever the merit one Its be, may stilled tor this: I something feat came I sndsrt terls to Washington to EnIcOI have been hysteria while It did to JJI J mschtogunbuUet.immrfil them Britain, It promised and ie morale. And It stifled, too. mends of the would TV? country which to tha very verge eompbto could hardly the od was satisfied. And to side of the PlclurL,Jli.fe,ctb hnply ft. would bring then wo were 7,lp.rul the President mide have gras, would oM He also made to It would not be rton. L0f tbe congress for any ) rthl must swsit the enycmn congress when you time to think some f . u mW The plan may impr critics say. the rsfugei. It may has W it Uc.L But 11 oui discussion wouUhs of country which js 10 aid and ffl,,ort. k " pre" I 1 . I I i 'Jtl . Jtogj srrrB-- - joy" democracy. 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