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Show THURSDAY. JUNE 30. 197 7 PASS THE MUSTARD It's Hamburger Grilling Season This summer, as the hamburger sizzles on the backyard barbecue, government scientists are slaving in a hot lab to come up with a better burger. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, which buys 400 million pounds of ground beef a year for its school lunch programs, has scientists tasting and testing hamburger in order to evaluate government specifications on maturity and fat content. The scientists work might ultimately shape the hamburgers Americans bite into every day at the rate of 11 billion pounds a year. By 1980, USDA researchers pre- dict, Americans will gobble up 14 billions pounds IF WE FAN convince, industry that we have a better way to make a hamone that is burger patty more palatable and will keep them out of court we think theyll be interested, Dr. Russell Cross of the Agr- icultural Research Service told the National Geographic Society. The research is focusing on a new method of grinding beef to remove the connective tissue, or sinew, and other undesirable particles. Sinew is tougher in older cattle, the animals that usually wind up as hamburger. If the connective tissues can be removed, specifications on minimum grade may not be necessary," Dr. Cross said. comes into contact with a the raw, chopped meat took plate or chopping board the idea home. where raw products hac In the 19th century Gerbeen prepared. man immigrants brought the seeds of what was to become RARE OK WELL-DONfat. and the researchers hamburgers are still selling the American Hamburger at a whopping pace in the to this country. want to determine how much United States and at least 2 fat makes for the best flavor. The broiled and bun verIf you get much below 15 other countries. A new restsion came later. Many gasMidwest in the chain aurant the per cent fat content, meat tends to get dry and called Chutes dispenses tronomes believe the winning combination first occurtough, Dr. Cross said. I 'hamburgers, among other red in 1904 at the St. Louis fast foods, 20 and pneuthrough between mine prefer matic tubes to customers in World's Fair. But owners of 24 per cent. louis Lunch, a tiny cafe in Hamburger does not have their cars. to Although it origin is con- New Haven, Conn., claim to be cooked well-don- e troversial, the hamburger is that hamburgers" were destroy potentially harmful scientist thought to have been inspir- first served there in 1900. another backeria, ed by Tatar invaders inworking on the study said, mediuDeclared a city landmark, I mine habiting the Baltic region in prefer adding: m-rare. the Middle Ages. Sailors the brick luncheonette still He said the greatest hazard can occur in from Hamburg, Germany, serves up its specialty daily. who saw the Tatars eating the home when cooked meat Fat. usually taken from the trimmings of young cattle and thrown in to flavor hamburger, is also being eyed. Hamburger now cannot be more than 30 per cent By JEEPXEYS, gaudy stretched versions of World War II jeeps, provide public transportation in Manila. Philippine relations with the United States have been strained Guard Against Fake Turquoise outright fake. His technique of reading stones makeup has proven what police, gem dealers, and jewelry makers long have known : An awful lot of those turquoise rings, bracelets and necklaces being sold during the ongoing boom in American Indian jewelry are not what they seem. e stones They are to look like treated and dyed good turquoise, or tiny chips of turquoise glued together and polished to appear to be a single gem, or Hong Kong glass. low-grad- MINES IN five states produce most i tie greenish-blu- e stones i America Arizona, Cali.ornia, Colorado, Nevada and New Mexico, the National Geographic Society says. Almost all is made into Indian jewelry, a growing business of $750 million a year in New Mexico alone. Dr. Michael Parsons of Arizona State University at Tempe says about half of the .hundreds of stones he has analyzed are not turquoise at of little all. but look-alikvalue or clever or crude ' imitations. Of stones that are genuine, only 3 to 5 per cent are natural gem grade" turquoise. about the same percentage found in mining. Tl'RQI'OISK IS a hydrous phosphate of aluminum and copper, formed through the eons by water seeping through rock. Its usually found in arid regions, seldom in mines deeper than 100 feet. We call the gem turquoise thanks to the French who. among others, thought it came from semi-precio- Turkey. But the trade routes led farther East, to mines in Persia. In the ancient world, Egyptian pharaohs prized the stones, sometimes sending thousands of miners under guard to the Sinai Peninsula to find them. In the New World, prehistoric Indians used turquoise for pendants, beads, mosaics and carved figures. One Indian legend credits a mythical mountain of turquoise with radiating blue color to the sky. However, natural sky stones" are dull looking, waxy in luster and may be soft and breakable. BODY OIL AND excessive soap may add an unwanted green to the blue stone. The amount of greenness a stone takes on, contrary to an old Indian story, does not indicate the degree of a spouse's unfaithfulness. Natures shortcomings have not stopped man from improving stones and their value deepening the color, and adding luster and hardness, with mutton tallow, butter, ear wax, Prussian blue dye, or liquid plas- tics. Such stabilized turquoise can make beautiful jewelry. But selling it as natural, untreated turquoise is against federal law and the statutes of at least nine states, with violators subject to $5,000 fines. In his pioneering analysis technique, Parsons aims a powerful electron beam at the stone, stirring up radiation which is then read and analyzed with help from a Since every computer. stone's chemical makeup is slightly different, identities are an individual as fingerprints. Certificates with fingerprint" descriptions already are helping police, museum directors, gem dealers, and customers to detect fraudulent and stolen turquoise. Goose Nests Saved At Reservoir The new regulation on Blackfoot Reservoir, which prohibited fishing from bouts nr islands the first nine days of the general fishing season, may have served its purpose and eliminated some nest desertion by Canada geese," according to Fish and Game Biologists Perry Johnson of Pocatello. Johnson checked goose nests on the islands this year and found of 79 nests only four were deserted for a live percent desertion rate. This compares with t!7 nests in i;t7(i when 17 or 25 AND PAID QUARTERLY 5.13 per annum nests w ith a desertion of nine ncsUi ul .aunroxiniatelv p IH'iici.i i iii. 1 .it uiu.-- c mr effective yield FDIC alarm came during the past tour years when the average desertion rate rose to 21 percent. "This made us think we had to do something." said Johnson, and trying the boating closure was a step we thought might lie successful. It now appears we may have been right." Cows Product Rivers Of Milk percent were deserted. It appears the new regulation which was designed to protect nesting geese has been successful." Johnson said. This is largely due to the good compliance and coox'ratioii we had from the public. OUR INTEREST IS COMPOUNDED DAILY 5 We'd like to com- mend our sportsmen for reading the regulations and abiding by them." Johnson noted the average on the islands is 75 In Ki'ii'i, American dairy cows produced enough milk to form a river that would measure 2.9(14 miles long. 41 feet wide and tfirec-and-a-lia- lf feet deep. It would slieteh from Boston to San Francisco. If put in gallon cartons and placed side by side, the 120 billion pounds of milk produced would form a Ixuid around the world 85 times at the equator. t 2200 H0RTH MAIM HORTH iOGAH UT r L 'l Dila i National Geographic over the issue of continued U. S. military bases in the islands, but bonds of friendship formed by nearly 80 years of close associa-tio- n between the countries remain strong. Foolproof Tests Science has put the bite to a notorious wooden nickel fake turquoise jewelry. An Arizona analytical chemist has learned how to fingerprint turquoise, determining whether a stone is natural, doctored up, or an Bruc |