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Show THE CITIZEN 12 jiiimiiiiiiiii mimmm mu mini in mg ONGtHE NEW BOOKS Sketch of. Its OxHistory. By H. Vander Linden. ford University Press. BELGIUM: A General In a large sense, old Belgium is dead and new Belgium is in vigorous infancy. The relation of these people to our composite ancestry is closer than most Americans realize. The first real settlers of our four middle states were not Butch but Walloons, These French-speakinBelgians had long been neighbors of the Pilgrim Fathers in Leyden. When New Netherland a purely geographical expression received a civil government it was officially named g Nova Belgica, that is, New ilium.:- - iiimmm liiiiiimiiiMmmuiuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Belgium. This was the classic name of the sev- enteen united provinces ot the Nether- lands federation. Marked on the coat of arms of William the Silent these seventeen dottings, or bricks of turf, can be discerned on many a stained Reformed window in the glass churches in America. Between 1609 and 1624 no Butch families lived on Manhattan island, or in adjoining regions, or cultivated the soil. Those who previously visited, traded, explored, or sought fish or furs, or built the yacht Onrust (Restless) were but summer visitors, or chance made adventurers only, though one party did winter somewhere in the new Dutch province. In fact, during the with ) Fvelve Years Truce Spain which power claimed the whole area of both the Americas no Dutch settlement could honorably be made. Furthermore, the struggle between the Calvinists and Arminians, led, respectively, by Barneveldt and Mauvice, between secession and union, state right and national supremacy, was pivoted on the question of the colonization of America. The Calvinists, or men, won, union and and the result was the formation of the Butch West India Company. This had in view the settlement of New Netherland.' Yet few Butch people wished or had need to leave the old coutnrv for the wilderness. (1609-1621- pro-colonizati- i peopled New York and New Jersey have come the Be Forests, a score of other first families of the Empire state and a very large progeny prominent in public life. Thousands of Americans who imagine and are popularly supposed to be descended from the Huguenots who did not come in numbers until after 16S9 are really the posterity of the Walloons of Belgium, who held to the same church order and view of the universe with the French Huguenots. In fact, Samuel Champlain in 1609 found some Belgians in the region of the lake in northern New York named after him. Nor was this all. There were htere thousands of other Belgians, both Flemings and Walloons, among the emigrants to America, the Roosevelts being a specimen family, In 1790, after the example of the American commonwealth, the Austrian yoke was for a time broken and the United States of Belgium formed. The confederation was, however, short lived, and unAustrian autocracy til the Congress of Vienna imposed a new yoke by making of Holland and naBelgium one country. In 1830 the and tives of this country threw off the Dutch rule and became independent. From that time forth, with her neutrality guaranteed by the powers, Belgium has developed with rapidity. From 1648 her noble river, the Scheldt, had been closed by the Dutch to foreign navigation. In the negotiations which secured its free navigation and enriched Antwerp, the xmerican doctrine of the freedom of river navigation, aided by direct diplomacy from Vashington, had a pow-erfand beneficent influence. al di-ethn- ic ul This work is one of fine scholarship and is of the first order of value. Moreover, the style is win:ome and is rapid in movement, so that one is led forward, in expectant interest, from page to page. We marked scores of pages for quotation or g. Professor Vander Linden has a fine sense of proportion. Indeed his literary edifice reminds one of a cathedral, in being both stately and attractive. Belgium has been rich in great men and women and each character stands out clearly cut like a cameo. Every era, epoch and movement is finely interpreted. One cannot but feel that Belgium sets a good and helpful- example to Ireland and the British government, for hare are two races (roughly, Celtic and Teutonic) having each a distinct ethnic origin and language. Yet, apart from minor rivalries, Flemings and Walloons have ever formed one true nation, since the tripartite division of Europe, in the great compact at Verdun, A. D. 843. On our shelf of books about Belgium and of those which tell the nations story we know of none so sane, so balanced and with so attractive a narrative as this. In chronology it covers the period from the Roman conquest to that of Belgiums colonial expansion, down to the year 1914. - OF COLUMN-1NG- : A Treatise on Comic Journal By C. L. Edson. Brentanos THE GENTLE ART ism. Newspapers have six to eight columns to the page; a good many of them set aside one of these columns, on their editorial page, for the undisputed use of a man who says what he pleases in it. It is he who has made this known as THE column; but, paradoxically, it is not he who has made it, but we ourselves we, the public, that is; that big, ubiquitous, omniscient, ananymoas muddle of individuals wTho had no voice in the mighty counsels of the Fourth Estate until THE column came along. And beyond all expression, therefore, is the torrent of our gratitude. Of course in the old days we called and ourselves Pro Bono ' Publico and Veritas, Constant Subscriber and that sort of thing;- but we were not edited ruthlessly enough for our own good; people got tired of seeing and our lengthy communications - m 1914-1918- y at once sent ft . . i ' . . -- flasj there must be the heaven-sen- t a can be Nor from the skies. e) joke You see it, or you dont sel it. Neither is there any good explain tion for the man who tries to expla: one. The delightful introductory. essaj by Don Marquis F. P. A., Christoph Morley and George Horace Lorinn which preface the book, and wliiii plained. p make it really worth having, are tesj mony to this assertion. possession of Nauru under the joint j ministration of. Great Britain, A tralia and New Zealand calls attend to the romantic story of the phosi h: .; mi industry of this lonely little i.l: right on the equator in the center the wide Pacific and, incidentally, aj to Ocean Island, where the business mining this wonderful fertilizer hi dj r birth. ' '.s' greet- ings, in French and Butch, to their former neighbors "in Leyden. Then Governor Bradford answered in Dutch a tongue which probably all the young. Pilgrims had made use of when in Holland. Out of this Walloon stock which first . The decision of the European IVa Conference to place the late Gernij 1567-162- Manhattan-the- . PHOSPHATE WAR PRIZE. 0 But in Leyden (the same in ) as in among the hundreds of thousands of refugees were many Walloons from the southern provinces of Belgic land. Their unarmed fathers had been driven like chaff before the tempest of the Spanish invasion of 1567. Led by Jesse de Forest, in 1 624 these ..refugees were willing to cross the Atlantic; for their motives were the same;, their theolcgiciirdoctrines identical, and their general religious ideas were in harmony wtih those of the Pjlgrim. Fathers. When they reach- ed skipped them; but in THE column we are quite different. The man who, rum it xtrims us down to the quivery, snickery core of' u's; clips1 our , hair, shines our?; shoes, .sticks: a jovial Jonquil in our buttbnhoiey and our .fortune is made. We are pointed out in company: We have a', reputation. We are. a living . - asset to- the newspaper. This is the great distinction between the journalistic wit, the Hazlitt or the Lamb of a century ago, and the newspaper columnist of today. The first played a lone hand; the present draws upon the whole community, for .his strength, an antic Antaeus, who rises refreshed from each struggle with his morning mail. It is democracy, - as compared with aristocracy. And hence as .distinctiveiy American as baseball or pumpkin. pie. Ed. Howe, says Mr. Edson, was the first American publisher to bid for newspaper' circulation on. the' basis of a funny column. The column was the feature of the paper, was printed on the first page and it was written by Mr. Howe himself. The paper was the Atchison (Kansas) Globe, and the! Globe Sights, column was called named after a kind of sight used onl long distance rifles. The Globe Sight.'f air hit the bulls eye. The paper flourj ished and became famous. The para graphs did it. Mr. Edson has some extremely inj teresting things to say about the me chanics of joke- - manufacture in thi book, although one may not agrd with' his. contention that humoVist are made by their own efforts: the) Ai work by blueprint and by plan. inspired jest is inspired, and thats ail there is to it. Machine made jesij may serve to fill up the chinks, bi Henry B. Wathall appearing in person in a new romantic comedy-dramWOULD YOU, at the Salt Lake Theatre, Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday next. a, Ocean Island is the smaller ( f two. It is some 160 miles distant fij Nauru, a mere speck of land a t!;j sand acres in extent, having a cirrJ ference of about five miles. Yo : walk right around it in about an h1 Nauru is rather larger, having ai. of 5,000 acres and a circumferci about twelve miles. Both are ir.-composed of very high grade 1:i 1 |