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Show THE CITIZEN AVIATION VOCABULARY New York students of the English language attribute to aerial navigation the addition of 200 words. As the average American has had' ift the past a speaking vocabulary of only 650 of the more than 600,000 words in the English language, the increase brought about by the airplane and airship is regarded as remarkable. For the benefit of those as yet unacquainted with the true meaning of such words as fuselage, nacelle, drift, or. parasite resistance, the Manufacturers Aircraft Association has prepared a flying dictionary with the aid of a report compiled by jp the National Advisory Committee for V Aeronautics at Washington. The 200 or more aeronautical words or phrases in common use on the flying fields or in the aircraft plants are strangers to the average For inreader, says this book. stance, every one, probably, has heard of the aileron, yet many may not know that the ailerons of a biplane are arranged in the trailing edges in a unique manner, causing it to respond at the slightest touch of the controls and enabling the pilot to ignore the lateral altitude of the machine en- tirely. An aileron, to be more specific, is a bit of a wing tip fixed on hinges back on the rear edge at the ends of the wings. It is controlled by wires. When moved from the pilots seat the ailerons on one side raise and those on the other decline proportionately, thereby allowing the wind pressure against them to tip the plane to either side as desired. maA biplane is a chine, one wing placed above the other. A majority of the American and British machines are biplanes. The trailing edge is the rear edge of the wings. Speaking of gliding, it means not only gliding, but the angle of the path the airplane takes when it descends under the influence of gravity alone. A plane usually glides by keeping its nose fixed toward the horizon, when it will glide straightway eight miles for every mile it is above the earth, or eight in one. An airplane is a machine that depends for support in the air on planes or wings and the propelling power of its motors to keep it there, overcom- ing gravity and at the same time propelling it forward. An airship is not an airplane, but a balloon, elongated, and provided somewhat with a propelling system, car for passengers, rudders and stabilizing surfaces. There are three kinds of airships, whose form or shape is tho non-rigialone maintained by the pressure of gas inside and aided by the cables and ropes which hold the passenger-car- . Then there is the underneath. rigid airship, or one having a stiff wood or metal framework inside the gas bag to hold its shape for it The semi-rigi- d airship has a rigid metal or wooden keel or spine along its under side, which holds it partly in shape, 'aided by the expansion of gas two-winge- ' cigar-shape- d, ,'jy d d Inside. Balloons and airships have appendices, too. The appendix is a hose leading from the bottom side of the gas bag to the car and used for inflating it, or, in the case of the spherical balloon like a big rubber ball, It serves to equalize the IS a plane is the structure by which it is enabled to land; the braces and Others may sing of the wine and the wealth and the mirth, The portly presence of potentates goodly in girth; Mine be the dirt and the dross, the dust and scum of the earth! wheels, between which a skid bar is sometimes located. old-fashion- ed A CONSECRATION gas pressure inside. Not of the princes and prelates with Theirs be the music, the color, the glory, the gold; An aviator is an operator or pilot periwigged charioteers Mine be a handful of ashes, a mouthof an airplane, or any heavier-than-aRiding triumphantly laureled to lap ful of mould. craft. A balloon is a lighter-than-ai- r the fat of the years, craft. The term aviator applies to Rather the scorned the rejected the Of the maimed, of the halt and the blind in the rain and the cold either a man or a woman who drives men hemmed in with the spearSJ The men of the tattered battalion airplanes. The term fuselage is comOf these shall my songs be fashioned, mon, yet not wholly understood. It is which fights till it dies, my tale be told. Amen. the body of the airplane, or the Dazed with the dust of the battle, the John Masefield. framework which holds din and the cries, the engine in front, the pilots seat The men with the broken heads and NOCTURNE. and passenger area in the center the blood running into their eyes. tween the wings and then runs back to the tail. Not the commander, beBy Amanda Benjamin Hall. loved of the throne, The tail group is general, and it Night writes her message in a million cock-horsto the when parade Riding contains, besides the rudder or rudstars, are blown, bugles on mathe ders, depending type of The day lies dead behind me with But the lads who carried the koppie elevators a in chine, horizontal posiits care, and can not be known. tion, one on either side of the rudder, And proud am I to be a child of earth, and fins which are vertical to the elevators and are fixed, forming one Not the ruler for me, but the ranker, And proud to be a daughter of the the tramp of the road, plane with the rudder when it is in air! shoulon his sack the with slave The a natural position. The controls are ders pricked on with the goad, the wheel or stick for use of the pilot I would this cosmic rapture might enin guiding his craft, the same as the The man with too weighty a burden, dure: too weary a load; wheel of an automobile or the rudder Too soon life v ill enclose me like a bar of a boat. A control' has three uses, where in other, vehicles such as The sailor, the stoker of steamers, the cell, the motor-ca- r or boat only two uses And I shall be the slave of little man with the clout. can be found for it. The reason is things that aviators have to contend with The chantyman bent at the halliards Who dared the thought of heaven putting a tune to the shout, three dimensions. An auto or boat and of hell. can travel only backward or forward, The drowsy man at the wheel and the or sidewise. A plane can do these Smart Set. tired lookout. things and besides can go either up uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimimmiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiitt or down. A hangar is a shed for an airplane. An airplane also has dope in large quantities. Dope is a substance re1 used in sembling glue, etc., treating the cloth surfaces of airplanes and balloons to increase strength, produce tautness and act as a filler to maintain the air and prevent the fabric from leaking or tearing. Its base usually is cellulose. The nacelle of an airplane or dirigible is a structure to which the wings are attached. The 1 engine is moored and the passengers are stationed in it. A nacelle never extends back to the tail, but sometimes protrudes out on front and holds the propeller. The term pancake came into use during the war. It means that an airplane, when landing, straightens out almost level with the ground, instead of diving into it. In other cases the 21 "'1 tail is dropped lower than the nose, v-V so that the wings catch the air and re;:?. I. tard the force of the descent. A pon'Vi toon is a float or buoyant construction attached either under the wings of a hydroplane or flying boat or under its When we body to keep it afloat. speak in terms of speed, we mean air speed, or the relative speed of an airplane in the air, and deducting the actual speed of the air from the disGround tance we have traveled. C. H. FISCHER, Manager we common. travel more If is speed from one point to another in ten minutes, making fifteen miles from A to 135 South Main St. S Phones: Was. 2667-266- 8 B, we say that the ground speed was a mile and a half a minute, or ninety miles an hour. The undercarriage of rillllllililillliiiiiiiiilililiiilililiiiiiiilililiiiiiiilillllllllillllilllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllli ir fabric-c- overed be-medal- e . . . The price of .King Coal I I may be high, but we have never been able to make the raise retroactive. I : : I Western Fuel Company I |
