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Show Tin: EXAMINEE: MOKXIXO SIMIAY UTAH, OODEX, j Q Socialist Department of The Morning Examiner j The ! I - Conducted by the Socialist Party of Ogden Editorial Committee . qUCStion KATE S. concerning Socialism answered. iwu-foo- House . siati-iiK-n- te us-ri- uml commonly persistently believed than that th IhIvhvs ate vastly better off Hum they Aver have been before. And front this the Inference is drawn il.ai they really have no just eause for complaint, but are actually getting their fair share of the increased produciirnx which has resulted from the development of machinery. Kncliiltsfa might, admit all this aud yet. on the grounds of expediency and moralitv, find s.iffieleni g cause for a change in tbe present system. But slntenie.it. atjd inference are so plainly contradicted by the facts facts, however, of which most people seem unaware that the point will repay consideration. The purchasing power of the wage in the fifteenth rentury for two rlassei of labor ranges from two dollars nearly to four (the average probably being close to three dollars), for a workday of about eight hours. (Perhaps this will give yon an Insight to the present demand for ran eight-hou- r workday. The workers are seeking simply to get haclf what they once had. And yet they Ore told tbe world today cannot afford to grant It.) Here, then were mere handicraftsmen, working short hours, yet receiving a wage that ensured them maierial comfort, and able also to maintain a king and his nobility, and an extensive monastic establishment. Now, it Is a conservative esllmsle that, machinery and scientific progress have Increased the productivity of labor at least twelve times. Yet the United States census of 1880 showed an average wage for the workers of only about one dollar a day. To sum up, then: productivity increased at least twelve times, hours of labor longer In the face and wages about one-thirof such facta, how la It possible to deny that lue workers are being robbed? Now consider for a moment another period. It la the beginning of the present century', when the wovkiug class was in the lowest depths of wage slavery. Wages fell below the point of subsistence for a family, and the hours of labor were lengthened to the limit of human endurance. The degradation and .Buffering to which the workers were reduced seema almost Incredible. On the other hand, capitalistic wealth was being accumulated with a rapidity Jt was not five hitherto unparalleled. per cent., or ten per cent., but thousands per cent. we are told. Closer examination of the facts brings this out even more, clearly. In 65 came Watt's steam engine; in 1768, the spinning machines; In 1775, Adam Smith's Wealth (ft Nations. In short, the period during which the old trade restrictions Were being removed and machinery was being rapidly Introduced la .one of marked deterioration In' the condition of the workers. Then the capitalistic "lalaaes fair' waa in full awing, consequently, we here have a clear teat of the natnral effect upon the workers of the introduction of machinery in a capitalistic society. The degradation and slavery into which they sank make this one of the blackest pages in the history of England. Little wonder then that they smashed the machines, ignorffnt as yet that it waa not the machine, but Its ownership by the capitalist, that was the cause of their enslavement ! How. then, was this baleful influence counteracted? To what is the lm provement which has since taken plane to be attributed? The first check was factory legislation. Inaugurated In 1802 it began to be effective about 1817. Step by step the power of the capitalist exploiters to subject the- workers to degrading conditions has been limited by law. So far as the workers are concerned this sort of legislation la but a temporary expedient to make, our present, system tolerable so long aa It must last; and today, aa you know, their efforts in this direction are being concentrated on the demand for a legally established eight-hou- r workday. But even more potent than factory and kindred legislation wan the law passed in 1824 granting lha workers tne right of combination. The influence of this factor, however, has beeh confined almost wholly to the skilled workers. This the contrast shown by tbe eharta between the rapid progress of the carpenter and the lpw and mea- of the agricultural ' Ser Improvement clearly indicates. 'They' have been able through combination lor that which yon of the Press solicitously pretend to deprecate as the tyranny , of to bring about a partial monopoly In their various trades, inus gaining the power at times to wrest material concessions from their employers and effect a marked improvement in their condi' tion But for the unskilled laborers, feared into competition with that mass of the unemployed which is continual ly recruited through fluctuations of trade and the displacements which accompany the Introduction of machinery. for these workers successful combination on the linea of has been impossible. And as a consequence we find this class everywhere still sunk in poverty most hopeless and y lre of old time honored question ork. ,mdir Ihe dirty do win ho .. ..in nrfiir to tuPBIg wr L set-kin- L to writ Department on Sstf.-ssffM-.a r be no dirty work W? ""king Because, all o.-- r e and streets will he paved machines 'aijl cleaning street have P will put the present t,nde-Thethe In completely narsttui a.col-lartln- e wash and clean the street street-cleanin- g y the dust and dirt into the body it the machine, instead of sending and over hmadesat into the houses who ta individual sad Into the unwary In lw lie to caught iiniiicky enough healed and wake AH houses will he lighted by elect near the center ri the plant situated sufficient rttv and If one plant is not It Is rthem villi he built. Wherever smoke consumnaceusry to burn coal ers will be placed on the chimneys. rf K ririty.-Thmtn- take the Cooperative kitchena and our olace of individual kltchena and dean us. to be will brought food If any woman wishes to wholesome. she will have ding to her own cookhtg an electric cooking stove, thus doing smoke. assy with the coal dust and and those Cooking will be a profession Inwho engage in It will he educated. will telligent persons. All professions he honorable under socialism, for all edwork will be doua by enlightened, wlu he a ucated people; Ignorance thing of the past If we cling to carpet and draperies we will have at our command a machine that Is now In use and at the command of those who have money, that will, by a process of suction, take all the dirt out of carpets and draperies without lcavlpg any dirt behind. All our furniture will he the very best, TP.Hn for use, not for profit,, and the machine referred to will take the dust out of the carving of the frame work, s well as from the upholstery. There will be no necessity for cleaning and renovating old things unless we want to clean and renovate for In the future when our possessions wear out wa will not be obliged to patch them up tod make them last ns long as they will hang together; we Will replace them with new. How patent It is that we should copy and follow the example of Mother Nature; she is a very prodigal, lavish lii her gifts to her children; ebt la not thrifty, nor stingy. If she stores her treasure; It is to give them back with a generous hand. We. tho people, are her children and we have allowed her lavish gifts to us to be greedily monopolized by our shrewd, keen, greedy brothers; we have, in our Ignorance, belteved that thrift and saving and hoarding and denial was the right and proper way to live and we have paid the penalty and forgot-tethe scripture which says, Take no heed for the morrow, and again, Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof. We live ns If we expected to stay on this old planet forever, if we can. we save our money for a "rainy day. and either we do not live to ace the rainy day or the banks In which we put our money "go smash and there we are left. Life Is the most uncertain thing In the world here toThe instinct day and gone tomorrow. of the whble race is to be generous, tn have In abundanre and give In abundance. Today we are "perverts because of tbe unwholesome lesson we have learned of thrift and economy. The earth and 1th fullness Is ours. .will give It hark to ns when we are ready Jt. Then and not until then will we lie true children q ef our Mother Nature.- What has. the last, of this artlcltfila do with the subject? listen! We have been told It Is easy, to be clean, that soap and water' were cheap. 1 Again the old tearhlng la at. fault. Wo need room In which to be clean; we need balhronms and bathhouses; we need plenty of clpan clothes for our perran-- 1 wear and for oar personal use. ver peed the possession of machines, owned, to wash them for ns. Do ' have them? It Is only the ones Vho have plenty of money who can he lrally clean, so until we socially own all tha tblnga we socially need. some ,of t will find it Impossible to keep propso-dal- erty dran. SOCIALISM BY WM. 8. MCLURE 2 rtie of psychology, the which the average meets a new idea la most alHk-- : at There would seem 1o be a coih-n- n business of mentsl habitude, bich then betrays itn-lin of. bwntfol Irritation, like that of one aroused unwillingly from sleep. The uijd moves along smoothly only go rag as it ta in the customary grooves ; and shrinks, perhaps nneonsriouHlv. imm real thought; ihe effort to got In much w!ih new idess-- it being fco much easier to acquiesce In things as jbsy are. As said John Locke,- mdse ar wiont lo an with Jhe wrad. and so go easily: which- dhidy aning or at least serves n as well. right, . .... . To tbe ofsignificance every-da- v Won,d seem as If Ihe mind wmfa' or deadened by tbe very ''.bed ft nr their frequent occurrence. We tl.en.-a- nd yet fail to realize them, many are made fully conscious J? we power of life and the heauMr ef b!,,sirr.rn.ndlnf n,y by the thrilling of the artist, so, too, most ef us. rrai insensible to the common hartiaf-,i- a,,d Injustice of the social cOndi-,1h- e uearching pen of the snthmpiat or the burning words of roufR the conscience in wTlt against them. rational thinker, when confronted ' ea contradicting . that' tmantttude of student., mind in - - it ecnalomed- io that.lt must.bg based m'hlch he has overlookaV hich he may be Ignorant, of reasoning with P7cf - m-- 1?- - - . trade-unionism)- trade-untonlr- m abjert. It would seem as If the workers' condition had improved, not liecause, but In spite, of machinery. And It was this fact Which led John Stuart Mill to declare that "it la questionable if all the mechanical Inventions yet made have lightened the day's toll of any human being Why this is so will he considered further on. Enough for Is the gist, of the present that, the socialist indictment, of the capitalist. system from ihn historical stand' point. Its manifest fliilure, with Tbe vastly Increased powers of production to affect any proper which tionate improvement in the condition of the workers la clear evidence that something Is out of joint. (To be continued next week.) h'-rci- Silt JOSEPH WHITWORTH. iThia mans life marks a revolution Joseph the mechanical world. Whitworth ws bora at Stockporl, England, in 'l8b5. At the age of 14 he waa put to ..work in a mill owned by his undo and at. 18 left the mill to become an apprentice to the in trade. The engineer's (machinists! says: "In those daya the Mographer h-- e nnItnilir. Until, there-h- s working mechanic was almost unaid sv1 " "ntlned thorouchlv. if cd by machinery : the pinning mav. i B hoest thinker, he will hold chine waa (ben unknown, the chisel ,n abeyance. The and hammer, the file, the primitive eai ma however, is rare. lathe, and a wimple screw-cuttin-g er h2h if,, I iww. Borin lint Where doc tt In i lii'ii. this criticism 4 the So- riallai programme. (bit under the ro. operative commonwealth there, would he no Incemire for inventot 'unless effort a ere rewarded shove i heir i hoed ol other men? !. wls aud fi ll 3:nds, the general results were 'i a crude and primitixe kind, and vork of high character could only U- produced by superior skill on ll.i- - pint In those days iht rs of the workmen. of was no standard for the sim-- k errewa or bolls and no uniformity .a the size of other psrts. and fitting waa necessary for each one of the thousands of hptndlcs lu a cotton farttiry. From early nisnhood to middle Hge Whitworth devoted his attention to the production 4 machine tools 'machines made for the production of other machinery. In jffJU ha originaied the (list first true pianos ever made and tn lt40 penected and described "method e for producing plans with a degree of precision which wa- - then which formed the unknown, and ground work for nearly all his other machines. About (hi (ime (1840) he perfected machines for measuring ihe and millionth parta of. an iiitlis, SJ.ids and bare Dont Forget that while you cannot be com pellcd to may have to pay them for you adulterate And also that nr. .1. N. Hurty. secretary 4 the Indiana State Board of Healih, estimate ita t!i per cent 4 the total infantile death 4 America are the result of hud feeding and poisons administered in impure foods. At thin rate an army of r'..uiid hahies wer murdered by food adnlterationi-- ! The average reformer seldom has more than one string to hi fiddle, lie. usually puta the ran before tbe horse food! the production of planes nr cylinders, and also the measuring tnschit.es for the delect ion of error and establishment of universal standards. It will be instructive alike to the machinist and layman to ponder on the fart that Whitworth reduced the prlre of work 40 per rent! and in addition to that 40 per cent more work waa produced. From that Hay to this ihe evoiukion of the machine tool has proceeded with Autorapidity. matic and turret lathes bate Increased production enormously; the milling machine has all but displaced the planer in manufacturing machine shops. The advantage of the turret lathe and milling machines arc: Greater output, uni form product, and last, lmt not least, a hoy can run them. Tne turret lathe cah he compared to a revolver: pulling the trigger in the former revolt cs the liirret and presents the tool which it holds to the work. The milling machine operates revolving cutters which produce accurate suror face of any profile the cutters niay be made. Twist drills, reamers and gear are examples of milling machine wurk. Machines make machines nut only of iron and steel but of men. E.B.A. A Policy with the DES MOINES LIFE will do the business, and remember that procrastination is the thiclof time. JOHN L Be simple and yon will be succeaaful. Have you seen eur now Rotary and Ball Bearing; WHEELER WILSON ene-thlr- ons-thir- t c & It ia perfectly simple and simply perfect. No shuttle; no d faster and noise; easier than shuttle chines. We keep supplies foe sewing Machines. Machines rented. h g HERRICK, htaie Manager. Basement Reed lintel s p Inch. tit ri piled of technicalities, the principal life wurk of Joseph Whitworth waa the perfecting of the slide, which holla anu guide the tools in to pay your debts down there Your Widow con-rlusio- u City squared Its Ijikenight next, will not leave Ogden day until Monday morning, lie is perfectly satisfied with the place and a few hour in ion before tbe fight will be sufficient for him. Both men are in flue shape and both expect tn make the fight of ibeir lives and how cmiM they do anything else wTih atirb an exhilarating climate aa ia enjoyed at the present, time. Indications are that a large crowd will go down to Zion from here. The and maintains that ihe pantrular ef- seat sale has already exceeded expecfect which he fight j the first cause tations. nearly all t4 the higher priced (4 all other evil effects or condition. chair being gone. The Ogden bunch tin ifferii will be in evidence on the stage at the He variously maintain teueuu-niare good ringside to eland by their favorite. that, fire-trawhen decorated with rosea and regulated by Inspector and that child GIVE ME THE NAMES. labor, prostitution and gambling are alito to he regulated but not abolish- Of your friends or relatives In the ed. On the other hand Socialists main- East who are contemplating moving tain. without fear i4 nircessful con- to the West during the craning spring tradiction that the evils memlnned or summer. are the natural ouirnme of a system There will be In effect during the of production for profit. Remove the months, from all eastern spring cause by substituting a system of pro- In every eartion of the West, points duction for use and the (Tecta will dis- reduced rates (both me waygreatly and appear. round trip), and it will be to their interest that you give me the names of The Ogden Socialist Incsl meets partiee who may be Induced by these ever second and fourth Thursday of rates to come West. No manor where each month. In Union Ijthor hall, "21 they may ho located, wo will have our straet. Twenty-fourtEver) body representative call upon or write to them and advise them of the cheapest welcome. and heat way to come. Call or addrean: a Socialist Under government C. A. WALKER. General Agent. tbe people will produce goods In fact, Northwestern Railway, Chicago as well aa in name and not the shoddy stuff now miscalled goods will have Chicago, April 15. A Chicago Dally no place when things are made for News special from Singapore save use and not for profit. four German colliers which were anProf. Roentgen who la accounted a chored off Cape St. James left that Boclalivt. gave his discovery to anchorage Thursday and are underthe world without price. He made no stood to lie making for Vladivostok, attempt to enrlrh Iiiniw-l- f by means of the supposed objective of Ihe Baltic It. in this he followed tho unwritten fleet. annually iiimi.ikii.s rut-fac- The machine steadily tend to dis and render them superfluous. Every machine save labor. power; unless it did that it would be useless. In every branch of and be well it Industry remembered, agriculture is today an industry, and t identically affected the transition from band to machine labor is accompanied with the greatest amount of suffering to the workingmen who are affected by it, who, whether they be mechanics or handicraftsmen. or whether they bo farm hands, engaged in ploughing, reaping, or picking cotton, are made superfluous by tbe machine and are thrown out upon the streets and roadsides. It waa this effect of machinery that the workingmen felt first. Numerous riots during tha first years of this century, and not Infrequent occurrences today, at teat the quantity, of suffering which Ihn transition from hand to machine labor or the Introduction of improved machinery, innects upon the working class, and the despair to which they are thereby driven. The Introduction of machinery aa well a its aubae--! quent improvement, ia every time baneful to the workingmen whom it affects. True, enough, under certain conditions, other workingmen may gain thereby, such workingmen, for Instance, aa may be employed in the manufacture of the machine Itself; but, in the Urst place, these happy ones are today always much fewer than those who suffer; and, in the second place, it may well be doubted whether a consciousness of this fact could go far to console the starving ones. KARL KAVT8KY. run, J 1I : nil re lined, it would GARDINER FIGHT. a )eur to produce h,iv fmn!. Bo for profit ue atiulicra i - an-- the public Big Fatty of Ogden Sport Lovera Will tiiiiKt tiuv. Be Present. The reformer i e : here. He corexposes financial f jxilt.lral Georgs Gardiner, who will try ruption and vice of Nil kinds. He tells with Mike Soreck at Balt u that tt costs th-- ' I i State in the circle Mon- - WORK- r law among Under a Socialist government the rich hoboes who live off the industrious. through interests. rent and profits, and the pen ail' holme who live off the industrious by begging, will both have to reform their habits. HILLIARD. E. A. BATTEL and 1. MORAN Address all communications to K. S. Hilliard. 567 26th St. ! 'and never stop to chine formed ihe whole repeia.iu-- QUESTION. Egotism fairlyprejudiro the opposite ivof.it of engi.ieer'a tools. The measure i!i- n t rule divide,1, inview, but assume, vahor. that there is in sm wa a of an inch; and ihruch with none, and pew judgmen offhand. 1 to .c1n la eight time cleaning more the skilled aorkra.in ventured to go o Thre Id pernsps no bur housewives are liaituB 80C,AL'SdTr A MOEXINfi, CARL RASSDSSON, WHEELER A WILSON, Sewing Machine Agents. 'Phones. Ind 811; Bell, 830-Y- . 246 Washington Avt,, Ogden. . y place workingmen CONSISTENCY, , : 1 p ART THOU? back-yard- s THIS PREE TRIP INCLUDES berths both ways. fare, round trip. Second-Sleep-ing and lodging at PortThird Meals on railway trains. Fourth-Bo- ard land. Fifth The party will be chaperoned by the Standard editor, wife and daughter, or by a chaperone elected by the. successful contestants, as the former may decide. First-Rail- way ' . e 4 The trip will include an excursion down the Columbia river to the great (J W Q 7K I ! v The Grandest Trip Ten Jolly Girls Ever Had to See the Great Pacific Ocean WHERE Public Opinion of March 25 contains, in addition to the editorial on Klretrapa." which wn reproduce below, an Interview with the representative of an organization called .the Plant, Fruit and Flower Guild, whose object fa to make the desert s of tenement houses In New York blossom ss near like tbe rose as possible and to metamorphose the into hanging gardens. As the publishers of the above-nameits magazine have called npon readers for criticism, and suggest lone of topics of general interest for discussion in Ita columns, we suggest that, a few articles from some 4 the representative Socialists would prove of timely Interest. Fire traps. More than 50 persons have perished In tenement- house fires in New York City alone since last September, We are astonished that there ia not. a louder outcry against this terrible wasie of human lives. In some rases the deaths were due to the dangerous herding of bo many families in quarters from which a rapid exit waa difficult. The last, and most appalling holocaust is attributed to the fact that the were crowded landing with refrigerators and other family Impedimenta. There Is a law In New York against the encumbering of fire escapes, but the Inspection Is too lax to enforce the law. The speed with which tenements burn gives ground for tbe further assumption that, the Inspection does not see to It that buildings are constructed eccordlng to requirements. Not only in New York hiit in other cities these losses can frequently he trared to the greed of builders whose aim is not how safe, hut bow cheap. Rigorous Inspection chould prevent such combinations of . crime and carelessness. The question was asked In one of our papers, Why, If adulterated foods caused death in so many Instances, th proportion and manufacture of such food should not be arrested end o tried for murder? We the question. Why? Wholesale murder seems to be legalized. Again we ask The question could be answer- cd by SociBllKtu. Produce for uwe and not 1 or profit. One manufacturer Ten Most Popular Weber County Girls 8 to be Sent at the Expense of the Evening Standard and Morning Examiner for a 10 Days Visit to the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition at Portland, Oregon J - ' . . V ibf A Pacific Ocean, the greatest body of water on earth, all at the expense of the Standard-Examine- r. : ; guests of the Standard and Examiner from the day they leave until they return, will be entertained only at the best hotels enroute, will travel only on the best equipped transcontinental trains, the best appointed Steamship lines and will have an opportunity to enjoy The young every pleasure who will be the that this magnificent trip affords, , See Rules Governing Contest on Another Page |