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Show GREEN RIVER DISPATCH, GREEN RIVER. UTAH Mk Lumber--? CHECK TOMATO LEAF ENORMOUS LOSS BLIGHT BY SPRAYING IN THRESHING Million Bushels As Many as Seven Applications Made in West Virginia. Lost of Grain Each Year Because of Inef- Color and Solidity of Fruit Was Inw proved and M Par Cent Increase In Yield Secured Bordeaux Soap Mixture Used. ficient Methods KEEP MACHINES IN REPAIR Hustle r It. LUMBERJACK will have to hustle I That la the publicly expressed opinion among the experts In every line of business connected with building. They say among other things: That the demand for homes in the United States Is nation-widThat 800,000 homes should have been built at the normal rate In the last two years and that only 60,000 were actually built, leaving a shortage thnt Is estimated at fully 700,000 homes. That from 600,000 to 660,000 homes must be now built yearly to make up the shortage and to get back to the normal rate. That 60,009,000 feet of lumber, board measure, will have to be cut yearly. Instead of 40,000,000 feet which la the normal rate. That an Increase In the lumber output of feet a year will certainly make the lumberjack hustle. The experts do not agree as to figures In all cases. But It Is evident that the shortage In homes is very large. At the recent real estate convention In Atlantic City Inadequate housing facilities were reported from all parts of the country and the shortage In homes was put at e. 1,000,000. Again, It should be remembered that the ordinary deni n nils of manufacturers for lumber are also to be met. That the demand of devastated Europe for lumber will undoubtedly stimulate export from this country. While all the lumberjacks of the country will have to hustle, It looks as If the biggest activity will be demanded from the lumberjacks of the Pacific coast, where most of the lumber comes tap nowadays. srThe pictures show scenes In Idaho and Washington. The mountain lumber camp Is 4,000 feet up In northern Idaho and there Is still snow on the ground In June. The trainload of logs Is on s harrow-gaug-e road In the Idaho pine forests near Fernwood. The three magnificent yellow pines ars In a logging region near Spokane. Tel-lopine Is the principal source of lumber In eastern Washington. TTie normal production of yellow pine Is about 16,000,000,000 feet (board measure) a year. It la figured that this output will have to be Increased to about 20,000,000,000 feet. Some of the white pine trees near Spokane are five feet In diameter and 175 feet high. The largest white pine belt left In the United States jg In ppythera Idaho. Some of the largest and bqgtmulppfll fjwmULs la the country are In this Washlngion-Idnh- o district. This housing problem Is a big one so big that It may lead to action by the federal government. Jhe department of labor, In announcing In January that 600,000 new dwelling houses were needed, had this to say: Two billion dollars, available for loans to home builders, would go far In providing the necessary capital for the building of these dwell0 ings. Securities of a value approximating are held by the constltutent organisations IS the United States League of Building and Loan Associations. Labor conditions, manufacturing, and social needs clearly Indicate the desirability of an Immediate acceleration of building activities throughout the country. By making available capital necessary to building, a tentative plan may materialise In a national system of 'home loan banks. The plan contemplates the creation of a bank In each federal reserve district, similar to the land banks created under the federal farm loan act, with which a local building and loan association could deposit collateral, receiving In exchange home JV0BffX2U7K4Jztosag3? csnrzzrzxB&' house the same principles of standardisation, machine, factory and quantity protection ,that are employed by all other great industries. "Host experts agree that the real crux of tho Industrial housing problem lies not In land cost, taxes or Interest rates, but In the house Itself the cost of construction. The Investment In building Is anywhere tain three to ten times the cost of the land, and Is therefore the dominant Item and the moat potent factor In the entire problem. It Is all very well to eliminate the waste In the other factors waste of time, labor or material but If the productivity of human labor and capital In construction can be Increased the result would be a real step tofeard the solution of the difficulty and the benefits of such an economy would accrue to all parties involved. bouse will come event"That tbs ready-mad- e ually is evident from the progress made. The first experimental building designed to demonstrate the principle of standardisation and factory production was successfully erected In 1909. Since then the work of demonstration and development has proceeded, with the general result always pointing. In my Judgment, to the soundness of the principles and their ultimate success. The help we need ought to come from a government research department established for that purpose. This department would have to beer the same relation to housing, which Is commodity, that the department of agriculture bears to wheat or the bureau of mines to minerals. In other words, the housing of the Industrial army is as Important In peace as that of the munition workers In war times or the fighting units themselves. And for these purposes the government spent hundreds of millions of dollars and established a special department. It is a fair question whether the Importance of the problem today does not Justify the establishment of a permanent bureau of housing." "What effect wlU.jtiil Increased activity of the r lumber supply? Is an imlumberjack have The announcement has been made In Washingquestion.!!1rij portant ton by Louis K. Sherman, president of the United The exportation' of.) American lumber on the States Bousing corporation, that the land In varl-op- s scale likely to: result from the European demand to was been utilised have the which cities by for material will,' unless accompanied by provifcovernment in Its war emergency building prosion for regrowth, seriously deplete the supplies gram Js to be sold to home seekers for the erec-tt- o needed by home Industries and Impose hardships The houses. conditions of private governing on the consuming public here. Is the view of Henry the sale of such property are that there Is a real 8. Graves, chief of the United States forest servdemand for houses In the community and that the ice. will be homes of started Immediately construction The department jMj agriculture has Issued a following the sale. The lota are to be sold archsets by Colonel Graves warning the woodof pamphlet plans, by prepared Complete thd lumbermen ami all Interested Indunrles, will furbe itects for the housing corporation, using In homo supplies Of forest products or foreign nished with the various lots. 1 trade In them, thsjt I he question of lumber exGrosvener ; Atterbury has some Interesting ports cannot safely be left to the care of Itself. things to say! on this problem. He Is known as The situation is especially critical, he points out, kn architect of International reputation. He Is with certain of our! highest grade woods, sncb as b member, of the board of directors of the Naash, oak, hickory, yjellow poplar and black walnut, tional Housing association, chairman of the war- which are' the support of Important Industries, committee, member of the National Sne housing and with southern yellow pine, of which the member of the French Planning Institute, Is approaching exhaustion of Architects and Engineers on the prob- - : main bulk of supply la exported In large quanreconstruction In the devastated regions 4 and which! likeljj to be aftethe-wa- r demands. meet to tities New York tenement member of the bouse Tho situation, Colonel Graves holds, la one at n commission.,- - For 15 years, under various ominous possibilities! "Most of the leading inbeginning with the Henry Phipps dustrial nations of the world," he says, "whether founds-jtioRussell with the and then Rage lightly wbided and-- ! dependent upon Imports or he has,, spent a large part of his time In heavily trotted an. exporters, are taking steps to work and experiments in the possibilities suir-Sbsafeguard, and develop their timber resources. The of the small house df quantity production for workingmen. These Jpnctlca) studies - United States alofte appears to be content to build tip a great export trade without considering nuid demonstrations have Involved the expendultimate effect upon domestic timber rethe three or two hundred of thousand dollars. iture sources and their capacity In the future to supply 'He says among other things : the home market" "We will make no substantial progress toward Sound public policy does not, however, necesthe solution of the Industrial housing problem until we apply to the production of tbs small sarily demand the discouragement of exports. w $2000,-000,00- ! hum-bonds- ori.-oii- y. 1 . gndl : "I wouldnt grow tomatoes in a blight Infested region without spraying," says 8. L. Dodd, Jr extension pathologist for the' United States department of agriculture and West Virginia agricultural experiment station, who sprayed tomatoes for the control of blight In six counties ff West Virginia In 1918. Thorough spraying was the keynote of hla success. He made six, and In some fields . seven applications, using spray mixture at tiie rate of 150 gallons an acre for mature plants. 8praying Improved color and solidity of fruit, reduced rot-enaunscald, and increased the yield . of ripe fruit 80 per cent, and of both great end ripe fruit 55 per cent A email knapsack compressed-al-l sprayer was used In thla work. Such sprayers are light, easy to operate, . (Proparsd by the United States Depart- fy tmtMiBPkimewm pub-Md- (Prepared by the United Matos Department of Apiculture.) Separators Out of Adjustmant Art Cauaa of Greatest Trouble Thresh-erma-n Should 8tudy Manufacturer's Instructions. Lumbermen Must Turn Out Ten Billion More Feet a Year to Meet Demand for Home Building . appro-tiHatlo- n, le "Die United 8tates, standing second among the countries of the world In forest area and producing more than half of the sawed lumber, should play a more Important part In the export trade of the world than It does now. With proper safeguards in the way of maintaining the raw materials, a strong export trade should be encouraged. But the gains which we may make In the markets of ths world can be kept only In so far as they an based on a permanent supply of timber. If (hey are to be based merely on a cut southern pine, which, as hi the case of i will net sumt wm our domestic needs for more than the next ten or fifteen years, we shall soon be crowded out of the foreign markets by countries which base their export trade on a continuous resource." Europes emergency need for lumber, above Its consumption In normal times, Is put at about 7,000,000,000 feet of lumber a year tor the near future, a conservative estimate ; and her own forests hare been depleted by the war. Europe, however, needs cheap lumber above all, and our product will not be attractive for the principal needs of reconstruction, according to Colonel Graves. Nevertheless, the world situation In lumber, he says, offers "an undoubted opportunity for a permanent export trade from this country of proportions that would seem to be limited only by our own powers to sustain the production of saw material." Senator Sherman presented to the senate the other day a memorial from the Illinois legislature, which was In part as follows: Industries not de"Whereas the wood-usin- g forest local uncertain supplies have upon pending become centered to a very large extent In the thickly populated districts east of the Mississippi river and are' drawing their supplies from the remaining forests In the eastern states, the gulf states and the states adjacent to the Great Lakes. A large number of such Industries are located In the state of Illinois, with the city of Chicago the center of a very large and Important group. cago has for many years been the chief lumber distribution point of the United States and the greatest point of lumber distribution In the world. These Important Industries, Including the manufacture of railway cars boxes, sashes and doors, farm machinery, furniture, pianos, vehicles, nod many other articles, are now threatened by the exhaustion of the forests from which their supnecesplies have been drawn. They now face the Pacific coast the from timber of bringing sity with heavy freight charges added to the cost. To the same Pacific const supply the country must look for luinlier for general construction purposes. The transportation system of the country must add to Its present burdens the transcontinental shipment of very large quantities of lumber, a bulky product upon which a high freight rate greatly Increases the cost to the consumer. "Resolved. That tlie Fifty-firgeneral assembly of the state of Illinois urges the attention of the president and the congress of the United States to the present timber situation and recommends that, without delay, there be formulated such a natlonnl program of forestry as will Insure the future timber supplies required by the Industries of the country. As an exa triple of what should be done, this general assembly points to the wle course of the republic of France In so managing Its forests for more than a century that they contributed substantially to the winning of the great war. "It Is further urged that .the federal government acting Independently or In with the states. Inaugurate action looking toward such measure of public control of the remaining bodies of original timber as win make sure that their supplies will be available as needed by the Industries. "It Is furthermore urged that comprehensive plans he put into effect for restoring the forest lands which are n onagri cultural In on cut-ovcharacter In the eastern states, In the states bordering the Great Lakes, and In the 8outh, In order thnt timber supplies from these regions may be available to the established Industries of the central and eastern states." - st er . ment of Agriculture) livery Important grain state has been losing over n million bushels of grain each year because of Inefficient threshing methods, declare Investigators of the United States department of agriculture. The government, by bringing this enormous loss to the attention of farmers and throshermen and showing them how to avoid It, saved 22,000,000 bushels of grain In the 21 states In which the educational work was carried on last year. When an average of eight bushels of grain la lost on every farm in the United States at threshing time every year, that Ion begins to have a personal meaning. With wheat worth $226, It Is well worth while to prevent that loss. If possible. And it la entirely possible. The chief source of loss la the Inefficient operation of threshing machines. Any standard threshing machine will do satisfactory work If kept in repair and operated Intelligently. If the operator knows his machine, and sees that It la properly adjusted and operated, grain will come through clean and losses will be small. The farmer should know enough about the general operation of a threshing machine to detect poor work, which means a direct loss to him. Adjust Separator Carefully. To do good work the separator must' be set level, both crosswise and lengthwise, and then carefully adjusted to the particular Job at band. The greater pert of the separation 1s done In the cylinder and Immediately after the grain passes over It If cracked grains art frequent there may be too much d Sprayer for Small Operations Ne Pumping Required While Spraying. Compreeaad-AI- r and produce a fine misty spray. Several different kinds, varying somewhat . In shape and construction; but built mi the compressed-ai- r principle, are now offered for sale. The spray formula used was 0 Bordeaux soap mixture, composed of five pounds of copper sulphate, five pounds atone lime, three pounds resin Hah oil soap, and fifty gallons of water. To reduce the work of props ring spray mixtures the following stock solutions were made: Five pounds of copper sulphate (blue stone) wee dissolved by suspending It In a wooden veeeel containing five gal loos of water. Copper sulphate corrodes Iron and tin. Five pounds of atone lime (qnlck-llme- ) was slaked la another vessel by slowly adding water at lint and later Increasing the volume to five gallons. Three pounds of resin fish oil soap waa diluted in a third veeeel by stirring It In hot water antll thin and Increasing the volume to five gallons by adding water of ordinary temperature. These stock solutions keep Indefinitely If not mixed or weakened by rain, but the time should be covered to prevent drying out and airnlaklng. The level of the liquid when freshly made and after each spray period should be marked on each vessel, and water added when needed to restore Toss by evaporation. Ten gallons of spray mixture arc prepared by taking one gallon of each freshly stirred stock solution and Ingal- creasing It to three end Ions by adding water, and by pouring together and stirring the three diluted solutions thus made. The resulting mixture is ready for nee ts soon ai strained and should be used while fresh, as It deteriorates by standing. 54-S-5- Large pile shows grain wasted while threshing 2J bushels 8 pinto In thla Instance. 8mall pile shows grain wasted after adjustments had bean made to machine leas than 1 pint The unnecessary loss of 7 pints occurred every two minutes the separator was In operation. This means that 4J4 par cent of tho grain was lost one-thir- d sad play of the cylinder, the speed may be too high, or the concaves may ha set too high. The teeth may be crooked or too high and not centered. CARE OF HORSES SHOULDERS Too rapid speed will also crack grain. Pry grain demands a lower speed of Prevent Accumulation of Dirt and the cylinder. Oandruff on Collars, Especially If Unthreshed heads are often found Soreness Develops. In the tailings. This results tarn Do not use sweat pads. Keep collars missing or fcroken teeth, or teeth too fhr apart, not centered, or badly worn ; riean of dandruff and dirt, especially concave set too low, or concave with If soreness develops. Sponge the shoulnot enough teeth. The speed of the ders of work horses with cold water If they am cylinder also causes many unthreshed at night after work. heads. Damp, unripe or moldy grain sweaty at noon, sponge et noon also. requires more than normal speed of Care should be taken In fitting collars the cylinder to thresh It out welL on work horses. Many collars are too Operator Should Knew Machine. big or too loose. If the withers are Grain la lost through the Improper fat or espedklly full, the fitting of coladjustment of other parts of the sep- lars win need extra care. Ohio State arator as well as the cylinder, so it la University. evident that the operator must be thoroughly familiar with the entire GAPES IN LITTLE CHICKENS machine. It may not be possible to eve all the grain now lost, but the Disease Kills Mors Young Fowls Than careless operator who does not know Other Ailment DiscourAny how to adjust the different parts of hla ages Poultry Keeping. machine will waste a great amount unwill He to have necessarily. surely Probably more little chickens are make frequent stops few adjustment. killed than by any other on by Every time a machine stops the whole disease. gapes On- nearly every farm nt craw must be Idle until It starts again least a few chickens die every spring i loss iff time to everybody conof this trouble, end on many farms cerned. Manufacturers furnish Instruction the loes is so great as to discourage books on the care and operation of the keeping of poultry. their threshing machine. They have spent yeara In experimenting, and they FATTEN DUCKS FOR MARKET know how their machines should be run to secure the most satisfactory For Two Weeke Give Mixture of Corn, results. A great deal of the trouble meal, Middlings, Bran, Meat Scrap and Green Feed. experienced by the thresherman Is due to hla disregard of or even neglect to reed the manufacturers Instructions. Before marketing the ducks, fatten There are other ways In whlrh grain for two weeks on a mixture of three can be saved, but the proper operation pounds cornmoul, two. pounds midof the separator Is the most Important dlings, one pound bran, one pound Efficient operation of the threshing meat scrap, one pound green feed, machine should Interest both thresher-me- three per cent grit Moisten with sou and farmer milk or buttermilk. Feed quite wet. - n " |