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Show Friday, April THE OGDEN POST CENSUS RECORDS LANDS ARE STILL ARE PRESERVED BEING SOLD ON IN WASHINGTON FEUDAL SYSTEM lecords of Former Enumerar This Country Many Years Ago tions Have Been Battered . Is Still Being Practiced in a About; No Complete Records Similar Way; Money Used at Hand Prior to 1830; Mqny Now Instead of Products; Changes Made In Last 150 Long Leases Under This Plan The Old Plan Introduced Into 1 Important facts about every person I People are ipt to think that all remnant! of tha medieval feudal system have , disappeared from our modern lives, and may b surprised to know that land in the state of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and parts of Ohio is handled somewhat as it was during the time of William tha Conqueror. Only now folks pay for such land in cash instead of in tobacco, arrows, or skins of wild animals. This is the ground-resystem used in England during feudal times and still used in the states described above, says the national association of real of estate boards in the seventy-sixt- h its series of articles for the public. This is a system of leasing ground for a period of years, usually 09 years, .with a perpetual renewal clause, at a stated annual rental. It lease in differs from the long-ternot carlong-terdoes lease that the clause. renewal perpetual ry any ' Encoursgea Home Ownership And the city of Baltimore is so wedded to this plan that it believes this system, used by the ancient land barons, has greatly aided twentieth century people to achieve home ownership there. When Lord Baltimore obtained the grant of Maryland in 1633, he became the owner of the land and all the inhabitants became his tenants. So he transplanted something of the English feudal system to America. Real es- -' tate leases were made then for ninety-nin- e years, rentals were paid in tobacco, hues, etc., and the leases were renewable forever. The renter was entitled to full possession and use of the land, and as long as he met the Mground rent payments he could not be disturbed. But when the first leases began to expire, the Maryland courts held that they were perpetual in practice, and that a lessee could stay in possession of such property as long as he liked. These leases, however, were irredeemable, and this situation at times retarded important Sometimes building developments. such tracts would be located in the center of a city block and would affect the development of the entire nt m m ninety-nine-ye- n the United States, regardless of iow prominent or how insignificant hat person may be, are collected by the national government every ten years and filed away in the government archives in Washington. Nobody needs feel that he merely lives and dies without having a permanent lace in the history of the nation. These Individual records are obtaincensuses ed in the great nation-wid- e aken every ten years. The fifteenth of thse periodic censuses was begun on April 2 of this year, and when consisted will represent the most exten-iv- e and comprehensive census known Whos history. In this great Vho of the commonwealth, every in- -i ividual is important enough to be iven a place. Although the statistics resulting .rom each census are published as soon as possible, the facts registered about individuals are stored away for ho use of historians and genealogists of future years; so no person needs expect to find his name included in any publications of the census bureau, fames and tales are not told at the same time. We shall soon know from he 1930 census how many people in the nation are 60 years old, but we hall not be told who they are. About 0 or 60 years from now the records or 1930 will be thrown open to the mblic for research by historians, ;cnealogists, and students of sociol- ar block. Law Made Them Redeemable Various interests sought to remedy this situation, and in 1884 the legists ture passed a law to the effect that all leases thereafter executed for a term of more than fifteen years should be redeemable after fifteen years from the date of the execution of the lease; this to be done at the option of the lessee at a sum equal to the capitalisation of the ground rent at six per cent unless some other amount not exceeding four per cent capitalisation was provided for by the parties to the lease. This act was amended in 1888, reducing the fifteen-yea- r period to ten years and requiring the lessee to give six months notice in writing of his option to redeem. In 1900 a third act was passed making a 11 rents created after April 1 of that year redeemable after five years at six per cent on thirty days notice. But by this time the legislature had destroyed the usefulness of any long term period in such documents. It was one thing to prohibit the holding of commercial property forever under - the ground-resystem and another thing to make it impossible for a willing owner to lease commercial property for a term of years. In 1922 business interests of Maryland began an agitation for the right to make leases in the business sections, and in June of that year an amendment to the other acts waa passed which stated that the redeemable features of the lease laws should not apply to leases or subleases on property used exclusively for business, commercial, manufacturing, mercantile or industrial purposes. Apartment properties, as well as residential properties, remained redeem. nt 99-ye- ar able. ogy. teeords Have Been Battered About After a century and a half of being lettered about from one place to another, the census records for each of the fourteen censuses taken during he last one hundred and forty years lave recently been placed in a large ireproof vault at the census bureau n Washington. During the years in which there has been no regular plac n which to store the records, some of them have become lost, or destroyed. For the first census, taken in 790, there are no records for New fersey, Delaware, Virginia, Georgia, Kentucky, and the Southwest terri-or- y (Tennessee). For 1800' the records of Georgia, New Jersey, Tennessee, Kentucky, Virginia and Indiana territory are missing. For 1810 .the records are lost for the District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey and Ohio, and for Tennessee with Hie exception of ;he schedules county, which were discovered and sent to Washington long after the census was aken. For 1820 the records for Alabama, Arkansas, Missouri, New Jersey, and eastern Tennessee are missing. Another small hiatus occurs in the records for 1870, where there is nothing for those counties in the state of Minnesota that begin with letters n the first part of the alphabet down o Stearns." The last delinquency is 'or 1890. Three-fourtof the schedules for this census have been wiped out. It will be noted that with two exceptions the missing records all relate ;o some census prior to that of 1830. This may be explained by the fact that up to that time the census schedules were turned over by the United States marshals, who had charge of aking the census, to the clerk of the federal district court in each locality. The court' clerks were supposed to . Mrand In heart, hand, home, and name of the individual was not re- worthless hollow may be for this the motive behind this used corded unless he had attained the dig- most any locality and of movement D. are We proud P. Murry, nity of being head of a family. Wives, purpose. He said: beau-tif- y and dean to movement were servants keep simply the children, and is his forces w" organizing our community, and will do ail we units; they were counted but not rethe state throughout work." of the name 1850 the every can to further corded. In ... to be individual member of the household are who Residents of Ogden Valley was written down in the census schedplanting, now at their rush season of week-enYOU DONT LOSE 0 ule, together with the age, occupation, next take to asked are Ininformation. and other items of their 26 to put invested in your home, dividual records have been collected April 24, 25, and modernize your plumblT.? order. in towns cenfor the entire population at every you pay 10 down, the sus since that time. Each succeeding Tonight, April 18, at eight oclock, easy monthly installments, counits than precensus has been fuller at the meet will raisers poultry decessor, although there has recently ty high school. County Agent A. L. as so far been a tendency to retrench Christiansen has secured Professor WHARTON adding questions to the population Byron Alder, of the state college, to Crane CoatrsL Qualified census is concerned. lecture to the poultry producers of 1955 1830. Ecdes Avenue of be: In the census of 1870 two items this territory. His subject mil From 1830 to 1949 the schedules re- information which add much to the Feeding, Brooding end Homing of Telephone mained in the custody of the depart- value of the records were recorded for Dealer 3063 Chicks. Baby state. ment of Just where they wen the first time. The citizenship of all a, An excursion of dairy men to kept isnt known. It has been said males over 21 years of age was seis visiting with her relatives, that some of them were destroyed when cured, and a question was asked to the patent office building was burned reveal whether the persons parents Claud Ellis and Will Ellis. in 1836. But this again is a statement were foreign born. BEAUTIFUL POTTED mond is planned for May 1. On that which seems to be improbable. NothThe great trek westward during the day Cache county will ' celebrate Easter Lilies, Hydrant ing was saved from the burning build- decade of the Civil war is clearly Black, and White day. An Spirea, Tulips ing except the employees, who barely charted by the census of 1870. If the visit for dairymen of this county is and escaped with their lives. records of some family in Montana, scheduled. ' When the department of interior for Cut Flowers instance, showed that the eldest was organised in 1849, the schedules of three Mr. Gibly, who- is growing the astchildren was born in Vermont grown by the wen transfermd to the custody of eight years before, while the second ers for Weber county beautification that department, which was given child was born two years later in Ohio campaign reports fine germination charge of taking the decennial census and the youngest was born in Mon- and progress of the young plants. Orfunction which had previously tana the following year, the westward ders are still being taken for county-grow- n been under the state department. Un- migration of the family could be folplants, and a pastel color der the department of interior, the lowed very closely. scheme for every flower garden in the Plaza hu Phone 52 census records were stond in Washseems Utah probable. county Ogden, as made No indication has yet been ington in the new patent office build- to when the 1880 records will be A color harmony achievement day ing in an attic room (No. 216) over thrown open, but genealogists and his- is being held at the county high school the F street entrance. In 1896 the torians are that today. awaiting eagerly Home Demonstrator Ellen census bureau was occupying quarters event. Two facts were re- Agren is in charge, and Color and on E street, just below 9th, in a build- corded in thisimportant census that will be of W. L. DOUGLAS Expert Afton Odell of Loing known as Marinis hall. A fire great interest and value to historians. Clothing color combinations. will the judge gan SHOES which broke out there in March of For the first time the persons relahouse-hol-d furnthat year destroyed the 1890 schedules tionship to the head of the family was Articles of tiothifig, Every pair guarantee! ishings, etc., are on display, being relating to mortality, crime, and oth- recorded. For instance, in the 1870 sent locals by farm in all the .from and Union Made! er special classes, while some of the census if Mary Jones, age 32, was women who studied this work. have schedules for CHRISTENSON population that census listed immediately after John Jones, club work is about to commence were damaged by water. age 85, there is no way of telling Shoe System, Chain In 1903, the census bureau, which whether she was Johns wife or his again. Much enthusiasm was maniWash. Ave. 2339 in and this work last season, had been made a permanent bureau sister. But in 1880 the word wife fest classes are and of boys girls sister would be written after many Ogden, Utah during the previous year, was placed to motto: Their indito join. schedule eagerly under the waiting on the name dpartment Marys of commerce and labor. A fire in the cate her relationship to John. There Make the Better Best, and their commerce building in January, 1921, was also recorded in 1880 the place symbol of the four Hs, standing for injured or partially destroyed most of of birth (the state, territory, or forthe remaining population schedules eign country) of the parents of the person enumerated. Previous censuses relating to 1890. The next episode in this drama will had been content with recording these take place in 1932, when the census facts about the person himself, bureau moves to the new home of the The census law states that the incommerce department, now being formation given to the census-takecompleted at B and 14th streets in shall be considered strictly confidenAll census Washington. records, tial, and will be used for statistical however, are destined finally to be purposes only.- It is for this reason placed in the magnificent hall of rec- that the schedules are kept guarded whole ords which is to be built to house for many years before being opened to all the records of the federal govern- the public. Two generations after the material has been collected and the ; ment in Washington. " How statistical information published, the Records Are Used Today Individual census records for by- individual records are opened to hisgone generations are widely used by torians, genealogists, and .sociologists. keep the records on file at the courthouse. In 1830 they were ordered to be sent to Washington to be preserved by the national government. Evidently the records for New Jersey were never sent in, for some reason that has never been discovered. Myths Exploded Most of the myths which hsve sprung up about the way in which the missing records were destroyed have been exploded. It has been widely stated that many of the records wen lost when the British burned the Capitol in 1814, but it will be remembered that the records were not ordered to be removed to Washington unth sJJ d, u jJ A. I. - Rich-forni- . all-da- y - - Bumke -- Floral Company - , . 4-- H newly-organiz- ed Peanuts hot, peanuts cold; Always fresh; never old For fifteen cents you get one pound The best roasted peanuts in the rs - blamed town. persons seeking to establish titles to estates, by genealogists to trace family records, and bytrying historians interested in the sociological strata of former days. Last year, 3,608 individuals were given permission to ex amine the archives. A privately-pai- d searcher stays at the bureau at all times to serve various' individuals and families throughout the nation. . The census schedules are among the most valuable and reliable means of establishing claims to civi) war pensions. They have also been widely used in recent years to establish the ages of children who desire to secure working pipers. the widest use of census Probably records, however, is made by administrators and courts seeking to settle claims to estates. During the past few years the records have been combed by claimants seeking to establish rights to the Duke estate in North Carolina, to the McClintock and Jennings estates in Chicago, and to the Mark Hopkins estate in California. After each census is taken, the schedules sent in by the enumerators in the field are bound and placed in a huge vault at the census bureau. No one is allowed inside this vault unless accompanied by an official of the bureau, and those who wish to examine and borrowing it on a regular mort- the records must .have the desired gage at six per cent, he may sell a volumes brought to the examining ground-reon the property for the room. There are now approximately 15, amount desired at the same rate of interest. If he wishes to pay off this 000 volumes of schedules in the collecsum at the end of five years, he may tion, which includes the records for jio so, otherwise he may continue, it every census except those for 1890. ndefinitely. And the value of ground-ren- ts The 1890 schedules have never been as investments is best evidenced bound because in that census a separy the fact that many millions of dol-a- rs ate page was used for every family, worth of them are held in the city resulting in such a voluminous mass of reports that - congress has never of Baltimore alone. A recent rule of the supreme bench seen fit to appropriate the necessary of Baltimore provides that trustees, money to have them bound. The oradministering their trusts are forbid-e- n iginal 1890 schedules alone would have to invest such funds in anything filled 41,000 large volumes if they had ut government bonds, state of Mary- been bound. More than three-fourtland bonds, Baltimore city bonds, of the original 1890 records lost or ground-rentand fee simple mort- destroyed by fire; the rest are at presare sold in ent stored in the old President theagages, and ground-rent- s Baltimore in the same manner in tre building in Washington. Those which mortgages are sold. Ground-rent- s which remain would fill 9,161 volumes, are investment tax free by law, and it would probably cost $100,000 to and the tenant pays all property have them bound. The growth of the census work duraxes. the past century and a half is ining Philadelphia Flan Different dicated by the fact that the 1790 known as the Philadelphia, long schedules are bound in 27 small volcity of homes, uses the ground-resystem extensively. Under the Penn- umes, while the 1920 records comprise sylvania laws, however, the lease 4,161 heavy tomes. The schedules for which is the essence of the Maryland the first census take up four feet of shelf space, while those for 1920 exsystem, is not used. This state re- tend quires a conveyance of the land ny of over 786 feet of stacks. The cost binding the 1920 volumes was about deed, but the document is so worded, when two parties wish to enter into a $40,000. Must Know Where Person Lived ground-retransaction, that although To locate any person in the census the land is sold, it is sold on easy terms which amount to a reasonable records, tho name is not enough. The rental over a period of years. The ad- place or at least the general locality in which person was living at the vantage to the buyer or tenant is that time the the the principal, or the price of the land, be known.census was taken must also will not be called for until he may be The use of census ready to buy it. The Pennsylvania torical purposes has records for hissteadily increased statutes also provide that land han- in the past; each year has seen more dled in this way can be redeemed by people delving into the heavy volumes the renter. to obtain information about Ground-rent- s of the Maryland type fCMntioiu. 1 he public is not at presare used in Ohio. Cincinnati has ent allowed to examine the records for ground leases, some of which date any census since that of 1870, although back ninety-fou- r years, taking the under certain conditions an form of perpetual leases, and there individual mayrestricted secure more records. are in a number of such leases in the The past few censuses have containcider residence sections of the city. ed much more information than earlier The history of this system in Ohio ones did, so the number of who indicates that a great deal of real es- will study the records in people the future tate financing was done in the early will probably be much larger even than at present. Prior to 1SP0 the days on the ground-replan. hs nt hs Produce People's Washington Avenue 2174 The drive of tho A. F. B. F. of Weber county, got. under way will see yerterday, and this week-en- d clean-u- p the destruction of great piles of farm waste. President George F. Stallings lepffrts that the Farm bureau locals are leading in the project, and bishops of each ward are cooperating by cleaning up their church yards. Other associations are at work,, and Easter morning will find the work accomplished. The county commissioners have sent out truths to clean up the roads throughout the county. One regret-abl- e feature that has been encountered by their workers is occasional piles of garbage dumped out on the road side. This practice must be discouraged, for the county has no system of garbage disposal, and such practice is unsanitary. County Commissioner F. W, Stratford today complimented the North Ogden people for taking the initiative in securing a dumping ground and hiring trucks to clean up their town. At a very little expense a 28 AUCTION 2340 Washington Avenue This is undoubtedly the biggest sale held this . aH-m- Acres ; nt 8'et8'XnUtadrionetto the new merchandise, we have coal, gas and electric ranges, 2 dining suites, 40 chain ana all kinds; 2 baby beds, 2 show cases, 1LC. Smith 1 Underwood typewriters, 12 beds, 3 breakfast sets, . davenports, kitchen tables, dining tables, pictures, ing utensils, dishes of all kinds, Plumbing fixtures, tools of all descriptions. .Dont Forget: Saturday Afternoon 1:30 P.M. And 8 P. M. Saturday Night each Monday night at 8, Tuesday night at 8, and night at 8 o'clock until entire stock is sold, j Terms: lA cash, balance in 6 months with approved JACK BELL, Auctioneer. OGDEN REAL ESTATE CO. REALTOR The merchandise is practically all new and of tw best quality. , We have 3 overstuffed living room suites, 4 1 t and 1 enameled bedroom suites, 4 dining suites, desks, 5 sectional bookcases, 2 boo. dressers, 6 roll-to- p 12 keepers. desks, office chairs, 9 rocking chairs, chairs, 8 mattresses, 10 sets springs, 2 pianoj n 1 electric phonograph, 1 Victor, 6 Simmons up to sizes beds, 50 kitchen chairs, 14 Pabco rugs, all w 9x15; floor covering by yard, 10 9x12 Axminster tei 2 Wilton rugs. Chinaware, glassware, dinner sets, w-hu- 4-ro- Kiesel yesr in Ogden. About one-ha- lf in select variety of bearing fruit trees, balance alfalfa and farm land, 5 shares Davis and Weber water, house, sheds, etc. Only 3V& miles from Ogden near new state high way. Price $5500. Reasonable terms, or will consider trade for city home. List your farm or city property with us. Efficient, Dependable Service. 2439 Ogden, Utah Beginning Saturday, April 19th 1:30 P. M. and 8 P. M. s, Handled Through Building Association Ground-rent- s afford a ready method of financing homes. In most cases the land upon which the home is built is held by lease, the fee or reversion being owned by an investor who receives a yearly rental from it. The purchaser of a home can obtain a loan from a building association, secured "F a.n,?11sre on his leasehold and on the building .located on the land. He agrees to pay weekly to the building association a proportionate amount of ground-ren- t, taxes, interest on the mortgage and of payments on the principal. The association then remits the rent to the holder of the ground rent and pays the taxes an other charges for the borrower an retains the interest and principal payments on the mortgage. The home buyer is saved the cost of the ground, paying a small annua sum for its use instead. Of course, in the end he has no equity in the land, but he has been able to provide for his family for as long as he shoult live, whereaa if he had to purchase the ground he might not have been able to swing the transaction. Moreover, ho may buy the land at the end of five years, if he so elects. Never lias to Pay Principal From the point of view of a borrower of money, this is a method of making a loan which never matures. If a man owns his home and needs money, instead of going to his bank JW 18 Phone 378 New Crosley K Screen Grid Tubes K $75.50 Complete K C. E. ARMSTRONG & CO. K Why Buy a Car When You Can-s nt by-go- ne nt JOHNSON LOCK SHOP . Km. STS4R Fh.ii. IITJ Lawn Mowtr. SkarpMwS uri KrirtS Call m4 m Mr awthoS af ahartminc Kfya and Lack. I. all makM af ran. BASSCO SERVICE STATION K K lmkr.lU RiyiM n4 Rwww4. WIRING AND REPAIRS ANYTHING ELECTRICAL THE LIGHTHOUSE ELECTRIC I4TI Waakinctan Anna. 1kM. Ml Nitkt. HR! Ride the Street Car for $1 a Week! Compare the .dollar a week with a day that most cars cost on time, gas, oil and upkeep. The difference make' a sizeable bank account I K K 1C UTAH RAPID TRANSIT , k |