Show TREAT THEA T DISEASES OF ONION PLANT Smut Works Overtime in Trying g to Snuff Out Young Seedlings by Forming Blisters FUNGUS CAUSE OF AILMENT Control of Trouble Is Accomplished by Changing Location off r- re e tto Clean Soil Sol Also Also Plant Sets Sets' Set Instead of Seed v Prepared Prepared Prepare J by b bj the the- United States Department Depart ment of or Agriculture Maybe it Is because of Its strong men mell Anyway way there Is some magnetic mag mag- attraction which apparently draws disease of various Kinds lInds and r conditions to the onion crop Take for tor instance onion smut mut It works o overtime In trying to snuff saul out the young seedlings by forming brownish bro black Mack elongated blisters which finally I split spilt the leaves and expose th powdery powdery pow pow- dery black mass of spores of-spores spores within the interior of ot the blister A specific fungus causes this onion ailment aliment the tile spores pores wintering In the ground and agaIn aln attacking the young joung seedlings Inthe in the HIP spring The onion is susceptible to the fun fun- us only while in the young seedling 1 stage After the plants reach a height of ef three to four Inches they become Immune to further Infection Smut spreads slowly in the soil soli but an Infested area are In a a field will gradually heroine IP larger and more severely ds- ds east east-d each year jear onions are grown on onn n n 1 an un area The spores are spread on 01 farm implements the tile feet Ceet of men tul animals by surface water and In dust UM carried by the air Purchasers r onion sets ets should use caution that they do not contaminate the soil by planting smutted sets is accomplished In home holne gardens gar dens by changing hanging th the location of of- the onion T-onion nion bed to clean soil soli or by planting sets instead of ot seed In large com corn onion districts of the northern Estates states formaldehyde solution Is applied applied ap ap- ap- ap plied TIlled in the tile furrow with th the seed as this disinfectant holds the fungus In check i-check heck One Joe fluid ounce of 37 to 40 per cent formaldehyde solution is used with j-with With each gallon of water this diluted solution being appU applied d at aV the rate of OO gallons per ncr acre acre or or 1 gallon t to 1 feet teet t of row ro Farmers' Farmers bulletin No lOGO recently Issued by the United States department of agriculture describes de- de 3 b scribes in detail the apparatus used In applying this fungus-destroying fungus seed protector A Destructive Plant Disease Onion mildew or blight Is sometImes some some- tImes serious In the cooler oler and more o onion districts The Tue disease commonly starts n Ia n the field In spots Mind nd spreads to the surrounding areas its development being greatly aided by moist olst weather It centralizes Its at nt- ack o on oft the tile leaves which turn yellow become covered with furry growth and nd eventually collapse The disease occurs wherever onions are grown ex- ex although the control varies an in n different sections As the spores winter In Ia the onion Reid field an efficient crop rotation Is one commendable method of at control the supplementary growing of cabbages potatoes and sugar beets with onions IH being ID valuable Good soil drainage Iso also helps to reduce tho tho blight since It t decreases the moisture In the air ear near the surface of ot the soil Good Ir drainage of the fie fields ds is also essential es es- es so that excessive dew and fog tog fogeS S e-S may be avoided Rosin oil fish soap soaps ns s a sticker makes the use of bo bor bordeaux deaux denux mixture effective In controlling onion mildew Onion leaf mold Is a disease of at ti- ti minor ninor importance except In Louisiana and aDd California A |