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Show wm Its. THE IA SON rPH(? "WWWM4 u I0HI 'Villi' Post-Wa- Peace Plans r I5y 1 iTjwEidSL B.U KIIAGE Service, Union Trust Building Washington, 1). C. Slowly the pattern of America's post-wa- r plans are taking Uiupe, but only the pattern Whin congress r turned, it was evident that no matti r how much disagreement the re might be as to the details of the role the United States will plav in the postwar world, the people have register! ri one idea they want to take part in some kind of an international organization to maintain peace The same opinion turned up in the conversation of time members of congress of widely differing political sentiments with whom I talked shortly after they returned Speaker Sam Rayburn told me that the one phrase which received the most applause in the .spceihes he made in the Southwest was when he said that the United States must do a man's Job for peace Two leading Republican senators expressed the same idea, namely, that the people seem to be of one mind" that America must join in some kind of international effort after the war to maintain peace m congress The disagreements re chifly a difference In degree and represent a discussion, for the most part, over details that nobody expects congress to decide in advance anyhow Of course, there are two things which make for lack of harmony; ne is the natural desire of each political party to criticize the other in a campaign year; the other is the effort of small groups to get aver their own particular ideas. Secretary of State Hull, in his speech of September 12, made it plain that the administration was In favor of an international organization which would agree to use force to maintain peace implying that the United States would offer Its armed forces in collaboration with other nations to stop aggression. He went further on the subject than any official so far but there has been a feeling on the part of many members of congress that the people would support such a policy. Pooling of Resources Meanwhile, the public has gradually come to the realization that Winston Churchill, as the king's first minister with plenary powers, and President Roosevelt, as commander-In-chic- f and, therefore, with similar authority, have agreed that the United States and Britain will pool their military resources not only until the fighting ends, but until the emergency is ended. They will do tins merely by continuing the committee of joint chiefs of staff. They have made it plain that they consider the emergency, or as an official spokesman for the United States described it, a period of will not end until the transition, last peace treaties are signed. In other words, the United States and Great Britain intend, as long as the emergency exists, to take part in an organization to establish and maintain the peace bv means of what amounts to a military alliance between the two nations Prime Minister Churchill was ready to sign a written agreement which would include Britain's pledge to remain our ally and continue the war with us until Japan was beaten that much he told the newsmen and he added, the President had said it was not necessary, that his Presumword was good enough. ably. the written agreement would have included the continuation of the joint committee of the chiefs of staff, too But written or unwritten, such a pact now exists. It is, therefoic. clear that the President intends, if he remains in office, to maintain an Interim arrangement which will keep this country an active factor in w'orld affairs to the point where its policies will be supported by military action This will be of indefinite length, as Churchill put it, until it can be shown that a better arrangement, including all nations, can be found to supplant it. In one sense, therefore, it is less important what decision the congress or the administration makes right now as to its foreign policy since there will be plenty of time for the people to become fully acquainted with the whole situation during the transition period when two of the strongest nations remain united The important thing, of course, is to obtain the eo operate ri of the thud most poweiful natior, Russia And that is what is on the fire Until we know a little right now more about Russia's viiws and intentions, it will be irrpo Mble to m ike a detailed plan for tin i ost-w- wo! Id As I write these lines the startled moon has just slipped be hind a jjg-gecurtain of clouds, like a trans-poi- t sliding under the piotecting cloak of a smoke screen That comparison leaps to my mind because all day I have been follow mg, as you hjve and as closely as either of us could, the progress of the greatest militaiy unde it eking which an American aimy has attempted in this war the battle of Italy For the battle of Italy is the storming of the very poitals of the Reich, the outer run, it is true, but nonetheless, the first breastworks of d Hitlers inner fortress Here, for the first time, American soldiers, hardened on the harsh sands of Africa and the cruel hills of Sicily, meet the guardsmen of the Nazi citadel. Not a army, diluted by a halfhearted ally. Italy, but dogged German fighters defending the gateway to their own, their native land. The end of the beginning has ended, the beginning of the end has beAnd we who have watched gun. every sign and every signal as the curtain between what we thought and what we knew was lifted, realize how little we and the world can guess of the inner and complicated woikings of this great war maihine As the aimies of the Allies attack the enemy citadel the leaders of the Allies, Roosevelt and Churchill, plan i niw edifice The invasion of Sicily and the invasion of Italy were planned at Casablanca where, for 24 hours, the few newsmen who were permitted to know, kept the secret of the meetBeside the historic waing itself ters of the St. Lawrence, m the citadel at Quebec, the marching orders were sealed while we newsmen waited, blinded and deafened to all but the most general ideas. What are t$ose marching orders? Some othtr startled moon will tell. Civilian Defense Proves Its Worth As Geimany begins the defense of her inner fortress and the LuftwalTe has been converted from an otlensive to a defensive machine the problem of keeping up the morale of Civilian Defense in this country is a difficult one It would be foolhardy to lie down on the job now for history has shown that frequently fierce and bitter conflicts grow out of victones and until the last shot is fired and after that, it isnt safe to desert the ramparts Recently the value of civilian defense training was proved in a manner which received very little recognition outside of the immediate vicinity When the Congressional d once-feare- Limited, the crack train that runs between New York and Washington, was wiecked in Philadelphia, when the Twentieth Century Limited, another crack train between Chieago and New York, was wiecked. and when a hotel burned in Houston. Texas, the civilian defense organiOn all zation proved its mettle. three occasions, invaluable service was rendered by these unselfish men and women who have so long answered mock alaims and gone on duty for practice drills It was definitely shown that m the case of the wieck of the Congies sional Limited and in the Hemston fire lives were actually saved bv the defense workers In Philadelphia a group of air raid wardens meeting near the scene of the wreck were the first to arrive on the scene. In a short time 7.500 trained workers were at woik assisting police and help ng the test ue So etlee tiv eiy did they handle the traffic that m spi'e of the guit crowds, lares were kept open so th it all injured persons not actually pinned in Ue wreek had been ren need to hospi'als w th n 35 or 40 minutes In H o "t wUrn ef tilt g r, gi a in is a n ,Ui,et ! s an aim e.d ! cu u can ed Ov r o iFy beloi g to Ut i 'e S n the ba'ket is the theme Food fights for freed im " aft 'V i tj e Rove n e 3's i nv Pg i I S()N. Se -i s- - v is sevual 1 fell I t soinetliu g I! it I 1 f re in it to look foi w ud to a d I Me t bet- when mg1 miles I H 1 Cof-fec- Gunner Attempt' To Brin" Home De'pite. the' Twelve fuliUr pilots mv squadron had be cn cut (fit c a routine escort mission a escort ernup were sent to (if I i n tion pot off on the wrong foot that morning of April 13 and ended up the same wav. began Colleen. My plane barely n issed the treetops as I took off from Henderson Field. A guide light at the end of Uie strip blinded me We were to escort navy torpedo bombers on a mission Within sight of land between and Choiseul lsl inds. I suddenly noticed my engine smoking Mv oil line was leakn g Losing altitude rapidly and fearing the motor would explode, I deI cided to bale out It seemed that I hit the water Just a few seconds after my parachute opened. I pulled the cord on my life jacket, but it failed to inflate. It had been punctured. I pulled my rubber raft out and inflated it. The paddle was missing. The water was calm, but 30 minutes later a storm hit High waves tossed my small rubber raft about like a toothpick, and overturned it. Into the water went all of my medical supplies and emergency rations. All I had left was the clothing I was wearing, and my hunting knife and pistol. After I righted the raft I started paddling with my hands I still was In sight of land. In I heard the familiar drone of our fighter plane motors it was my flight returning from the strike on which I had set out that morning. Several of the planes flew low and almost directly over me. I fired five shots from my pistol and waved the white raft sail, but they failed to see me. I started paddling with my hands toward land. On the way, sharks swished by the raft. Reaches Small Island. I slept in a sitting position that night. Long before daybieak I started again for land. The sea was calm. Near sundown the second day out, I finally reached the shore of a small island. I was exhausted, hungry and thirsty. When I reached the beach of the coconut grove island I realized I made a grave mistake by tossing my shoes overboard after the storm. My socks were the only protection for my feet. I gathered two coconuts, cut boles in them with my knife, drank the juice, then broke them open and ate the meat. It was the first liquid and food I had had in nearly 48 hours. I stayed on this island three days It was uninhabited and I knew I would die if I stayed there. Far away I could see a larger island and decided on the fifth day to strike out for it I was growing weak from the coconut diet. After along the coast all that day with a blazing sun baking me. I made the next island at dusk It was studded with coconut trees like the first island X'ext morning I decided to try for aneithcr island It took ire all that day to reach it It was the svi e story when I landed there no food, no firsh w iter, no life Arm and loot Infee ted. My left arm was svvellen to twice its noi mal si'e overnight. My right foot was also infected I realized blood poison was developing, so I cut open the source of Infection with my knife, and bathed my arm in salt water for more than an hour I was relieved somewhat and decided to move on That morning I tried to drink coconut juice but I just couldn't get it down "As I paddled along the shore I saw what appeared to be a house near the end of the island. The house proved a greater distance away than I had estimated, n hand-padell.n- g d objective I. Vrneire, U S M C, w IS telling a gioup of fighter pit ts a pout Sgt Gilbert Henze aiiUiveai-olgunner fiom State Center Iowa Somehow in the fracas I gut se went from my f inuatum, As I headed homeon the major iv ed a radio warnin; ward I that one of our dive boinbus was R d i I four d it a good mile s with of me s i , Frayed for Direction. That night I planned what I decided would probably be my final attempt to contact life I prayed to God Almighty to send me in the Tomorrow, I deright directum cided Ill make for the other side of the big island. Near dusk on the fourth day, as I had barely enuugh strength in my arms to paddle, a storm broke and gradually I was carried out to sea. The last I remember I started to scream, and then I passed out! I was told later that a high wind blew me into shore When I regained consciousness I was in the arms of a nativ e. You American or Japthe native inquired in his best pidgin English. Im American, I told him. Amencan, you good, he replied. Those were the best words I believe I have ever heard in my life. I knew then that I had been rescued. I couldnt walk. My rescuer carried me to his hut not far from the beach. I asked the date and he told me it was May 15. When I told him I had been lost since April 1332 Sergeant Gilbert Henze cockpit, his helmet gone, his clothes ripped to shreds. I asked by radio, is your pilot alive- I dont know sir! he answered, we got hit by a burst of shrapnel about 20 minutes ago, and he has been that way ever since Can you, or have you ever flowm a plane! No sir, he answered. Do you think that you can keep her level and follow my enstrue Lons Yes sir, I sure can try The first thing I want you to do then is to release that 1,000 pound bomb Cant Release Bomb. I cant release it sir, it can only be done from the front cockpit. I peeied anxiously ahead. Be- ... bergt. William I. Coffeen Jr. He days he hardly believed me told me that white men could not live that long on the sea and in the jungle The native was a cmverted Seventh Day Adventist He had been taught Flglish by miss, i u es I felt stronger the next d iv By the third day I was able to walk once mire They decided to take me m a canoe to their village, where I was given Amencan food canned meat and potatoes On the second day m the village the infection m nv foi t was lanced Dumig my stay m the native village I was stricken wuh malaria. I was given queeme, nat e name for quinine My body was b ithed in fresh water and lime Within five d iv s the fever disqpoared While w.th tlie natives I regained 20 of the 40 pounds I had lost When I arrived at the native village I we ghed about 115 pounds. On the 72nd day after I had parachuted into the sea. a navy rescue plane landed otT shore near the native village " I could see the k.d working frantically on the stick as the bomber went irto a sickening glide With my radio dead I frantically signaled for the kid ti jump. If he saw me he failed to notice Then I saw his head and shoulders emeige from the cockpit. I saw him Suddenclutching for his ly I saw his body, parachute and all, shoot upward as the trailing edge of the plane hit him. No man could live under such an impact. I followed the chute downward m tight circles. I could see a huge vent in the shrouds. The kids body dangled from the harness. A few minutes later it hit the water with a splash I brought my plane within a few feet of the water. As I passed over the spot wl ere the kid had fallen all I could see was his yellow Mae West. As I headed for home I graved that the kid was unci ncious when e hit, at least tuis would spare him arv sniVi ng before he drowned I h i) ci cd to be sitLng by our radio a few days later. A filer had been p.cked up by some friendly natives He was conscious when found, and though suffering from multiple wounds and fiactuies, had a better than chance to sur- 1 50-5- 0 I learned later that the tail of the plane had severed his right leg below the knee (Editors notp Sergeant Henze uns returned to the States and died at the I . S natal hospital, Mare Island, Cah forma. He uas buried at Hillside State ( enter, loua I erme-hrv- s,'i' the Gi r I n i usi. ;t soduie - CIV, 111 d el ri s t ' i's ha U i ops Xa n ol i to (.term, in SiVeis ta n le' s to tin i a i ! tO ! o' ejf tC . t i , i f . e.u 7' i ' ,N I ' y s X ' 'N ' isi I n rnek Strewn pil(,ru 0n sui ll DIM ( "f V He- - r s,t.i nit I i J il si The new order will permit farm Implement companies to use more discretion in order to avoid inefficient distribution paintings have been cleaned, stathave been g ven a t"'1' aid the subways leading to tee se- - ite and house office build-.u- e nt rc vv h a fresh cc at of i a ' L ' L g rth of fin n C J. ' 0f Colorado, o t fi c s c m ab, , ' C 2.3 pounds, you woJd re. er guois that he eats OfiE oi.e rr.oal a aay. ue C iTce-- 'vx ,, FARM MACHINERY Agricultural officials have been closeted for several days working on an announcement which will be good news to farmers. They are planning to relax the rationing of farm machinery. Relaxation will take two forms. One Will be to permit farm machinery companies more latitude m distributing their products to different parts of the country. The other will be to take certain machines definitely off the ration list. Although plans are not quite complete, it is probable that most farm machinery will be unrationed tnom now on except tractors, combines, hay bailers, beet lifters and similar mechanized equipment. In general, tractor implements will be taken off the list, though tractors will stay on. It will still be necessary for farmers to go to their ration boards to get permission to buy certain farm machinery, but this will be only for the purpose of making sure that they are leg timate farmers and really need the equipment. The old system of strict rationing on most farm machinery will go by the boards Hitherto, farm implement companies have been required to distribute them products equally throughout the United States, so that some counties where little wheat is raised have receiv ed as many binders as counties in the middle of the wheat belt. Or in some cases, too much corn machinery has been sent to counties where little corn is raised, while corn belt counties have been slight ed Row . e or tor cu- ,uc b e,s rid OF RATIONING house-cleane- to t RTLW CATITAL CHAFF C.V.hile corgressional solons were avav, the have been bc.sv All U.e on Sight-'ce-r- s ,f V ' "'u nidi d alte r on his u tun ttclv fr small rule he found he hed lest his "Her supplies. e, pp'a So "hen the passed on. lt Wajr-ashes be mterreij ' lege Cemetery,' ends and aSSoc; services . . p whole day and . his Into the ground one miscalculated , by Which the B, proved two feet the urn had to partly fiue(i t ter) and whenitie' ers standing arouj" splashed Just like tered pal. Alec1 To Katina Faxinon, For Whom fc one of the world In Fascist fighters K befc to hate them tive Greece. You cant getn if you are q zen, according tei Italy collector himself in Italy not long E! lor a Rembrandt t. that he could tab having a likeness ( w ed over it explained, could n off without damagq If they a ... ... ture of H Duce, they will not ito; so the in And $100,000 and had 3 tng the picture In! . . . Where he ea the painting of Mu it was an oil of u We asked a m some of them act He d tations A fameu pie in one of his earl; a desert scene e ...... portray a man register the dp tried! The director props the terrible hams look farcical ... repeated failure, fc To get he dsw up however, the actors feettb showing him sb desert lv e di nl dropping r si sions after the dropped his pack, finally, his canteen .,14 voted that scene t in the film! wg Hecklers are having ... of ttt a Helm In Sicily, tk lieve, a peasant to his home for two bowls of soap of entree and a ft1 sirloin steak pU Indiana com onto Maryland butter1 (with more butte: termelon and oco cream lor their Doodle coffee, to his appreciation. Not yet! Into Now comes desse: What kindaf eat any more 1 TO rip-cor- .wJ; C, p d British censorship, information concerning the internal situation in India This, Lie government of India seems to believe, might stimulate American sympathy for the Nationalist movement and criticism of the governments ineffecbve administrative techniques 2 Fear of American post-wa- r commercial competition. This concern seems to be shared alike by the British and many large Indian businessmen. It has been so pronounced that the mission thought it expedient, shortly before our arrival to assure the government that OEW activity in India is in no way concerned with trade promotion. To offset the cool attitude of the government of India, the American Mission has received us with a helpfulness and kindliness which has exceeded expectations we are confident that despite all this we can manage fairlv well. - dead N c e low and just visible lay the shoreline of Guadalcanal. If we could make it I could signal for a crash boat or any kind of a boat and then if I could get the kid to follow my liistructnns I would try to bring him in by water. Then I heard the kid shout over his radio, My engine just sputtered then, sir She must be out of gas That's the last word I heard over my radio for suddenly it too went e con-diti- is that a chill visit and the . deep-roote- When lulled I I had ni 'e a'o'hir bad move found no 1. ft onh cl ITs and mountains. H ever, thcie w is plenty of flesh w.i'e- i- my first in approximately 27 davs I final lv decided that 1 wou'd retrace my si I s and tiy to make it back to tie fust island on which I landed. I statu d out the next morning and b fitly made it b ak to the plantation house. The infection in my hand had cleared, but my foot was swollen from infection I soon f und I him -- trouble at about 5 IKK) feet T! e piled h u half wav ut tf Le bori bci Aoes of Al u ltd in t aslnngton, D. C. I - S. V C tAii gn mBuima, in pcneiugeami s inside India still remain one resore spot wbeie Anglo American as fi they and lenelly lations, frank aie could stand some cleaning up All of the Hi esidc ills special have brought home more or They insame reports the less clude' I ail gl hn Currie member of Lie White lhi.se stiff. of War Louis Johnson; Billv Phillips Ambassador Special LnLt evidence of Indian sore spots is a lopoit to Leo Crowley, now economic Warfare administrator from his New Delhi representative John I ise her, who writes The government of India, the Bnt.sh atmv and m my Indian busi-rsnu'ii view the opening of an h onoJiuc Waifaie) office OFWf sus-here w.th f; ink and directnot is This susp.cion t n,n ed at us alone it f ills on all American i e; rcsentativ es in India The American Mission was ed here in 1941 in the face of cinsidcrable reluctance on the part of the gnvernmert of India (Previ-ousl- v the United States had not been permitted even a consulate in New Delhi ) The OWI, OSS and even lerd-leasrepresent ltiv os have told us th it thev have been received here with open misgivings and in tie case of the first two agencies, somet ires with hostility Before our arrival, the government of India raised a number of questions regarding our mission with the American Mission We have reason to believe that our movements have been under close observation, both here and in England, and that surveillance Is likely to continue. Reasons for Coolness. There seem to be two main reaFischer resons for this attitude, ported to Crowley 1. The fear that American representatives may send to Washington, through channels not subject to of ijor 1111 IN Dl Crippled Bomber M DREW PEARSON '71 d ful that it ttus occupied by Japs saw a sign th it re id Solomon Developing C inp my, Svdney, AustraI soon learned that the lia . building was p i r t of an abandoned coconut i a hition I staye.il at the plant it on house five days Oi. the six'h day I gathered son e limes and oranges and started tavilmg again In tne distance I (i id see the tiji of a large island, v ' i tl e c ik of a mountain risn g abive the clouds I decided to in eke tins island my next D KtEPJTT'GQ-noiJN- marine dive bombers on a foiay acMinst the Jap-hclI read el the beach rear the house at n id ifteiiieon of the next airfield at Munda and wete on day. I id ny r eft in the bush returning to Henderson and appioaeled the building, fearGuadalcanal. I ter that rn,lit rgt William I Jr, 23, whose parents live at 5348 North Lotus street, Chicago. Ill , Is at a naval base hospital being treated for malaria and malnutri- je 1 r Itaukhaze bv 5tH) chup-laAlthough mine than s now serve in the nivy, the d ani the marn e cor; s coast g more must be adeud II. mf' For 72 days he was missing in action. His comrades in a maiine corps flying unit in the Guadalcanal area had long given up hope of seeing him again. But Sergeant Bill Coffcen came back. Shaggy and lean, he stepped out of a navy rescue plane. lie told of surviving storms, blistering sun and infection and living for 32 days on a coconut diet. The last 40 days he was missing, friendly natives cared for him. Today St iff Battle of Italy Beginning of End B R I E FS I lb After 32 I )a on Barren ElamE Analsst and ( ommenlutor. TTNU !( tollonin. tun ( I ditor's nail stories n t f tinlttn bs t orntnit ( or I rul'd ''l"h ' respond' nli "I th? at "I tin i""a 1 s j u marine tin first of then luiilit ii unit mil 8 illturn I n av hr Vu rg "" ( ofle,n Jr , as told to 'ta'l Harry Indor I he st i and o as lint ten bv Xei.Miii 1in I Johnson I Survios SiTjrrant Majority of American People Ask Participation in International Organization To Maintain Harmony. Ane IlIMtN Marine Fliers Triumph Over Perils of Air and Sea; Combat Correspondents Recount Tales of Heroism Nation to Be Active Factor In ( much-neede- Ie-dc- - c -s- d Now comes host. Tootsie Rolls' What's Tootsie I Who knows?" Lend-Leas- The Magazine K the field with New York school lessons so excite home when the dont it believe states that the K produced only eral S.r Harold1 Zatso7 How aboe who mav be n the 1944 Pre Sumner Welles r from him, Coronet. rPl01j T-i- are non politic' if worked SEP there to at Would be say 4 '4 j th p is newspaper 5 the 1 South Pacific. it warns the job, I poisoninf t best item in hoH ding: The evident is ington to Drew Pearson the doghouse J Lieut. Col. joying Club the Stork corgra being th' 4 You are said a neRSP3; po.nt ? W t! . a lot heavier ' I The only cour' 3 |