Show rOT 5 nr 3 5 S L r Women as Well as s Men Are N as for Service With the United Army States ECE T orders of the government government gov gov- gov to the engineering R I department of the United 11 States army to stop enlisting enlisting en en- ea- ea listing men as In a special camouflage division division di dl vision ends a chapter In Ia military camouflage camouflage cam cam- In America A little more than thin a year ago It was doubtful w heth ei or or not the army would have any great use for In the forces abroad By the rec recent nt decree mill mIll- tar camouflage Is made an essential in every regiment like engineering trench digging map making road building and There are now according to military camou camou- fleurs In Ia New York city about expert expert expert ex ex- ex- ex pert abroad with the Pershing Pershing Per Per- shing forces The new nev order makes It necessary for each regiment In every training camp on this side to have at least 10 to train other men In the new art of camouflage Whence will vill these new come Who Is to make them proficient profi- profi cleat clent when even the trained best old military and naval men admit Ignorance Igno Igno- mace rance Until the airplane came In the cay cay- cavalry cavalry alry was the scouting arm of the army says a writer in New York Times Now a large part of the cavalry of the United States army has been dismounted dis dismounted dis- dis dismounted mounted and put to machine guns The airman Is the scout This was the chief factor In raising camouflage camou camou- flage lage to Its present rank of Importance importance tance tance A mounted scout could scarcely scarcely scarcely scarce scarce- ly be deceived by artificial camouflage Now the scout passing at af heights of about 1500 feet feet cannot tell whether the camouflage If clever Is artificial His kodak however Is not so easy to fool It will record many things which escape the ey eye For that reason lights and shades depressions and knolls In the terrain and shadows have to be carefully studIed studied studied stud stud- by the military That makes It necessary for him to know shade and and tone value lue as they register on on the eye of the birdman and on the camera lens Under the Instruction of H. H Ledyard Towle of the Seventy Seventy first first Infantry Infantry Ia- Ia In In- fantry Is the New York division of military camouflage In which the men belong to the new w National a army y yand and wear the uniform and Insignia of the en engineers and on the sleeve the letters M 31 I. I C C. l Military They Include landscape gardeners artIsts artists art art- miniature painters portrait painters photographers woodworkers mural decorators draftsmen and en en- n- n It Jt Is probable that these men will be used to Instruct the varl various us regiments In military camouflage Methods of Teaching An observer need only follow these to the C acre CO-acre acre tract which the city of Yonkers donated to Lieutenant Lieutenant Lieutenant Lieu Lieu- tenant Towle for camouflage work or orInto orinto orinto into their great classroom In NewYork NewYork New NewYork York city to get an Idea of the chief methods of teaching the value of depressions depressions depressions de de- de- de color values lights and shades and locations There arc adjustable adjustable ad ad- instable wires th that t tilt the miniature terrain boards to Just the desired slant so that the soldier can view them from the angle of a sharpshooter er as If from an airplane from the rear or from In front Gauzy curtains create an nn Illusion of various lights at different hours Thus light blue curtains curtains cur cur- make the twilight just before dawn awn Light rose and blue and yellow yellow yel yel- low make dawn noonday and dusk curtains the evening Fr From m 1500 feet telephone poles r disappear Dugouts with f. f path crossing over the roof are like che he side of the hill bill Even the gray grey blue and red caisson wagon moving along the road Is a blur of color Cnn Canvases i II In triangular shape tied to 0 c S 'S the foot of the telephone poles outward out out- ward waid and on both sides conceal the road To an observer on foot or In Inthe Inthe inthe the air at a thousand feet the hill looks deserted deserted deserted-an an almost treeless plain with no distinguishing feature save a neglected old path Yet that hillside harbors six dugouts several observation and listening posts men cannon machine guns and a network network network net net- work of telephone wires Beyond Yonkers there are trench sections with No Mans Man's Land and Its barbed w wire Ire entanglements and dugouts dug dug- outs The trenches are dug so deep that the heads of the men do not show above the surface and the sod removed removed removed re re- re- re moved to dig them Is replaced The openings of the dugouts of the trenches are not as Is sometimes supposed supposed sup sup- supposed posed far behind the trenches They are In the trenches with the on the enemy side Bombs may Bombs may fallin fall fallin in the mo mouth th of th the dugout but seldom seldom sel sel- sel dom inside I I The obvious Is sometimes as good goodas I as the Invisible Lieutenant Towle said recently For Instance the famous famous fa fa- fa dummy fleet the British used Another camouflage to which the Germans Ger Germans mans were dupes was a red cannon scantily camouflaged placed by the British at the summit of a hill The cannon was visible to every German scout flying over it but It seemed so obviously a fake that not a single enemy bomb was dropped on on it Yet It held its position for a long time and at night poured its stream of fire Into the enemy The same Idea Is carried out by bythe bythe the American who model dummy men and guns for decoys The enemy air scout sees seep a partly camouflaged camouflaged camouflaged camou camou- I cannon or machine gun with Its men bending over It at work aud the smoke pouring from Its nozzle intermittently inter Inter- He cannot see completely hidden from view a q real cannon whose men are are firing filing a deadly volley from under cover and whose ammunition comes to them through tunnels Such UCh experiments are are being made by bv the military at Yonkers ers There are other tricks trick to be learned for they also do their own painting of army equipment before using using us us- ing It Although an ambulance or army truck may not be en entirely rely Invisible invisible invisible ble on account of the various backgrounds backgrounds back back- grounds It must pass It lt can be mottled mottled mot mot- tIed Into a a very poor target In motion mo mo- tion It will appear as a blur caused by heat rays ray for it is mottled In the colors colors colors col col- col- col ors whose values constitute colors which the suns sun's rays would make Natural Camouflage Discarded At first natural camouflage was used almo almost t entirely A clump of trees and brush brus hid a whole machine gun company a group of rocks harbored harbord harbor harbor- ed d a listening post and a deserted mill might hold a regiment But the enemy has learned that even the trees and stones hear and a natural camouflaged camouflaged camou camou- refuge is never safe wholly from air all attack now The most Innocent innocent Inno inno- cent seeming object Is nevertheless an object and ther therefore rore a target for forthe forthe forthe the scout whereas a perfectly smooth hillside with no distinguishing marks may be almost entirely undermined and yet not arouse suspicion Lieutenant Towles Towle's men learn cam cam- from the defensive and offensive offen otren sire sive points of view view how how to advance under cover and how to defend themselves themselves them them- selves under cover They have Invented Invent invent- ed scouting and camo fleurs' fleurs sharpshooters sharpshooters' sharpshooters sharpshooters' sharpshooters sharpshooters' sharp sharp- shooters' shooters suits which when worn worn- by bythe bythe bythe the soldier make him appear like Uke a bitof bitof bit bitof of the landscape as a boulder a log a stump or a part of the foliage of a tree Women Being Trained American women are being trained according to the same method as the men under the Women's Wom Worn ens en's League for National Service and under Lieutenant Towle Discussing their work he said There Isn't any reason why the women shouldn't do as well weli as the themen themen men as that that Is In making mak mak- fag ing the materials b behind the lines Unes It Isn't heavy work but but It demands demand Ingenious ingenious ingenious in In- genious workers skilled in details Tryon Hall the old C. C K G. G Billings place on Washington Heights bought by John D. D no Rockefeller Jr to be given ultimately to the city fo for a park Is the spot chosen for the practical practical experimental work by the women worn wom en Hither they go with Lieutenant Towle to try tryout out ther camouflage s suits and be photographed wearing them Indifferent in indifferent indifferent different positions to see that they blend with different colors of the landscape landscape land land- and would be Invisible to th the enemy not only on on the firing tiring line Une but buton buton buton on the plates of the en enemy my This Is the most serious work that has been undertaken under the au auspices auspices nu- nu spices of f the National League for for- Womans Woman's Service The members of I the camouflage corps of whom there are about 40 confidently expect to cross the water to assist In the camouflage camou flage work vork at which which English and French women are already busy They will not be accepted by the government as regular workers and enlisted for the se vice until they have completed their training and shown that they have hav made good but the fact that Lieutenant Towle Is on leave In order to Instruct them Is sufficient proof that their work will be considered consid ered No Age Limit for Women There Is no age limit up or down for women Joining the corps but each member must have had some practical technical training before she Joins This keeps from the corps very young girls gins The members are young women who are self self supporting They are artists architects metal workers wood carvers photographers etc It Is Isan Isan Isan an exceptionally versatile and responsible responsible responsible sible group They take a three months' months course under Lieutenant Towle Each member of the class makes and develops her own camouflage suit according to her own ideas with the foundation of instruction that she has received Suits as they have been constructed con con- by the girls so far are In one piece like a divers diver's suit with a hood covering the head A human face shows white in the distance and the corps Is experimenting with veils as face coverings Earth brown Is the usual foundation color and upon this th-'s go yellows g greens gra grays grajs s 's and splashes of black |