| Show THE GUNNISON VALLEY NEWS GUNNISON UTAH ed Cloud Chief of the Oglala Sioux Was a Warrior Patriot and Diplomat )on’t the Council Lodge He Proved That His Own Willi His “While Brothers’ Both on the War Trail and h Lean inch!' in He Could Hold remot :ets— Nn ed for b vhich t bica: through win th8 may i yoik i e rcmovia e® tiii erial n thtitj py wite 3 outlet ®r kj ncesca 2 OUdcjj wej ne mu berry 4 with Ik m for p Parslr eeps it' to chcjt use vi lough ’ cause rlali rott‘ mi is ev a mi xt 1m IS tar so it - II a m A M m F r: m El FUl 00 4 : f 4 i t ! 'I f WATSON ELMO ncightirrtfre winter of a meteorite went liurtling across the sky over North America That night an' Indian mother named sat in Tier lodge which was pitched somewhere on the grassy plains Of South Dakota between (he Black Hills and the She was Missouri river cradling in her arm her newborn son and as the huge ball of fire blazed overhead she looked up' through the pp at the top of the lodge High above her she saw a fieecy cloud turn a brilliant red in the glaze of the blaz-- ! ing star for a moment she clasped her little son fearful- ly'to her breast Then she laughed and turning to her husband Chief Lone Man exclaimed: “It is a sign' His rame shall be Mnkhpiya Luta the Red Cloud’ ” ONE enali j Met 1 f f little realized how great that name thus lightly given" would become how during the next 50 years it would a name of terror to tle white men who were then just begin sing to crowd in upon the lands cJ her people the Teton Sioux George E Ilyde in his “Red Cloud’s Folk" calls the westward drive of the Gioux from their ancestral homes "a Minnesota to Montana “one of Ihe epic migrations of history" uid says: I “The Oglalas were the spear-leaof the Teton Sioux advance ind from 1840 onwards they tood squarely in the path of that of pioneer lew immigration 'jains traders and the protective which threatened their military ziewly-wo- n hunting range on the In the hisnorthern prairies ensued which toric struggle white reverses revealed the real and durmight of the Sioux ing these years of heavy conflict between 1865 and 1877 Red Cloud Stood out as one of the greatest of the Sioux leaders” Red Cloud had good reason to dislike the white invaders and to “stand in their path” He was left an orphan at the age of three his father Chief Lone Man of the 3rules dying from the effects of drinking too much firewater supplied by white traders When he lost his mother soon afterwards his sisters who were bringing him tip" took him with- them to ihe camp of Old Smoke a Saone Teton chief near Fort Laramie and there Red Cloud grew into young manhood In 1855 Red Cloud learned his first lesson in “the white man's justice” It was when Gen W S Harney won his famous “victory” at Ash Hollow where he attacked the camp of Little Thunder a friendly Brule chief and killed £6 men women and children It was such incidents as these plus the grafting propensities of their agents which made the Oglalas and Brules distrustful of the white men and as traffic over certhe Oregon Trail increased tain bands of both tribes retired to the Powder river Among them was the Iteshica or “Bad Faces” with which young Red Cloud was associated' He won renown as a warrior in more than one battle with the Crows and by 1865 he or was rated as a But he had yet to bead soldier lift a hostile hand against the white man although that was coming soon enough Avoiding Trouble Mainly due to the efforts of Man Afraid of His - Horses the principal chief of the Oglalas these Powder river Sioux had avoided collision with the whites They did this even though some of their tribesmen had joined the Cheyennes and Arapahoes in the war which had been raging south of the Platte In March 1865 a great group of hostiles from the south joined the Powder river tribes “The story these southern Indians told of the outrages the white soldiers had committed against them while they were still friendly and of the 'retribution they had exacted from the whites the sight of the great numbers of captured horses these hostiles had in their possession and the plunder that ' filled their camps greatly excited the Powder river bands It must have been at this moment that who had stood firmly for peace with the whites began to lose his hold over his people Indeed there is every reason to suppose that the hostiles now offered a pipe to the Powder river Indians an that in - a council the friendly chiefs were acoverruled and the pipe te cepted” n y P?l Cloud and the Sioux and Arapahoe chiefs who visited Washington in 1877 They are (standing left to ri?ht: Little Big Man Little Wound Three Bears and He Dog (sitting left to right): and Iron Crow Bed Clocd Pig Boad Yellow Bear (From a photograph by brady printed in Harper’s Weekly for October 20 1877) Then followed the historic Powder River expedition led by General Connor arJ Colonels Cole and Walker This campaign cost the government$200b000 a month and ended in disappointment for the hostiles everyone except whose "camps were full of cavalry horses and mules branded US and many good carbines which they had taken from the so- ldiers" come in and talk with them next Then a third commission year was sent out and after a long delay it finally induced Red Cloud to sign a treaty of peace But he held out until he had obtained the thing he most wanted— not only the promise to abandon the forts along the Bozeman trail but the Then he actual abandonment signed the treaty on November fl 1868 Having failed to whip the Sioux into submission the government next tried diplomacy It sent out a peace commission to persuade the Sioux to be good and especially to allow a road to be built through their hunting grounds to the Montana gold A number of friendly fields chiefs — “trader’s chiefs’’ the hostiles scornfully called them — signed the treaty but such real of His leaders as Horses and Red Cloud who by was time the this principal leader warrior class of the RED CLOUD in the Powder river camps refused to have anything to do with such a document Red Cloud Stands In the Road Despite this fact the peace commissioners reported that their mission had been a success and an expedition commanded by Col Henry B Carrington set out to build a chain of forts along the No Bozeman trail to Montana sooner had he completed Fort Phil Kearney his headquarters than his troubles began For Red Cloud who had by row supplanted as the big man among the Sioux immediately began making good his threat to “stand In the white man’s road” All during the summer of 1866 not a wagon train went over the trail without the men in it having to fight their way through a Moreover the swarm of hostiles Indians boldly pushed in close to the forts running off st9ck and of attacking every detachment troops that ventured out The climax came In December with the comFetterman’s destruction of mand By this time the government was thoroughly convinced' that the pcacd commissioners mission had not been a success Despite hiswamings and appeals Carrington for reinforcements was “made the goat” and reHis suclieved of his command cessor was ordered to make a winter campaign against the hostiles but with the inadequate number of troops supplied him he dared not move The next spring another peace commission was sent out to Fort but Red Cloud sent Laramie word that he was too busy to now in although he might come A Diplomatic Victory Great as had been his victories xn the battlefield this one in the field of diplomacy was even greater He had defied the power of the United States and made a peace on his own terms It is sard that this is the only case ir American history when this nation signed a treaty which gave everything that the other party to the document asked for without getting anything in return True the federal government did get peace for Us citizens— so far as Red Cloud personally was conBut that did not mean cerned that the troubles with the Sioux were over Some of their leaders who signed the treaty led their people back to the Powder river country and remained there as hostiles until they were finally conquered and put on reservations at the close of the Sioux 7 war of Although Red Cloud later dishimself as a war tinguished leader against other tribes notably the Shoshones he kept his promise of refraining from war against the whites But he continued to distinguish himself as a diplomat as an ambassador for his people to the “Great White He was Father” in Washington invited to come there in 1370 to confer with President Grant and the Secretary of the Interior when war with the Sioux another A council was seemed imminent held at the Indian office and there Red Cloud was told that his people must go on a reservation “If Red Cloud had been impressed with the power of the United States by being taken about Washington he did not He had show it at this council come east to prevent a new war and to procure for his people the right to trade on the Platte What was this talk about going on the 1 reservation— to the Missouri? have said three times that I would not go to the Missouri and now I say it here for the fourth This was not the talk time of a man who feared the power of the United States and the glum officials began to realize that dictating to Red Cloud was not go- Editor's Note: The fourth Friday la September Is celebrated la many states as American Indian Day “In recognition of the contribution of the red man to oor national tradition In this article appropriate to tho celebration of that day Is told the story of one ' of the outstanding Indian ebarao- ters in American history It Is based upon the book “Red Cloud’s Folk— A History of the Oglala Sioux Indians written by George E Ilyde and published by the University of Oklahoma Press In Us “The Civilization of the Amer- lean Indian” aeries Bir Hyde's book Is tbe first comprehensive history of one of tbe tribes that made op the great Sioux er Dakota aatioa It thrown much new tight on ear government’s relations with that proud people especially la regard to the treaties with them which were quite as Important as our wart with them which have been the theme of most writers about tho Sioux ' WHO'S NEWS THIS WEEK By Lemuel F Parton rmrrrfTTfwrmwfTfwn - By SCOTT s AAlAAAAAAAAAiiAAAAAAAAAIAA mg to be tljp etsy tusk they had anticipated " Nor did he go to the Missouri The upslmt of the matter was that the government gave in the Oglalas were to have a reservation near Fort Laramie and Red to Cloud was to be permitted name lus own agent and his own trader (Incidentally the govern-men- f failed to keep its promise in regard to the latter) For the next live or six years Red Cloud although settled on a still remained a reservation power among the Sioux His unruly Oglalas made life miserable for the men who were appointed to be their agents and he contributed to their unhappiness by his that they complaints repeated were grafting and cheating his people Some of these complaints were only too true but others were inspired by scheming traders who had Red Cloud’s ear and used him as a tool in their efforts to get their share of the graft The Oglala Disarmed The Oglala chieftain took no active part in the Sioux war of But charges that he was giving aid to the hostiles in the camps of Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse were used by the military to justify the disarming of his people and the seizure of all their horses by Col Ranald S Mackenzie in the fall of 1877 From that time on the power and influence of Red Cloud waned After he signed the treaty of 1863 Red Cloud’s policy according to Hyde was “to remain on good terms with the whites as far as possible to obtain help from them but above all to hold stubbornly to the old roving and hunting life and never to give it upv For an Indian Red Cloud was on able man but it is to be doubted If he ever had the breadth of vision that Spotted Tail sometimes exhibited This Brule chief realized after 1865 that the old wild life was doomed and tried to lead his people to accept the Inevitable changes in their way L VI EW YORK possibly bettet than ‘‘horse and bugy” days would lie “square-- i lgger" days as a pluase of poignant retrospect There wa- a touch Sea Ancient 0( nostalgia in the expert' Stow Engine! amazingly Pi ess stories and --mAaif Race v brMtif'i! picture in tlik Ncwpoit gctiwas of the Conrad and the Seen Sc is the only seauoithy squ n e ig gn s left in Ameiica mi their n out iu e to Bermuda Both boats have Diesr For hut they oinei engines gencies stow all that and it is peiliaps a bit tactless to bring it up now This is a machine age holiday With the all its shoi (comings power age does enable some people to make enough money to get away from it once in a while Young G owner of the Huntington Hartfoid Conrad Is the inheritor of a That's fortune a good beginning for anyone who wants to voyage back into past epochs— whether his taste is for old lioust's old prints old ships ortiicn a horse nod b£ey Air comes high Iiaitford spent 175000 getting the Conrad In racing trim think of a demon One doesn’t squash player as a sailing man but Mr Hartford was a squash racquets wizard in his undergraduate days at Harvard in the class of 1933 He G is the only son of Mrs Henrietta Hartford of Newport and Charleston getting about a lot having a wonderful time and probably not "wishing you were here” He takes a hand in all sorts of sports and probably stirs more this with envy Old Gaff ert r race Dream About than In anything done or he Yardarm Day! wU has do e 8tarts many an old gaffer dreaming he is out on the yardarm in a gale and that— according to the Prophet Joel —is as it should be providing the young men keep up with their visions Mr Hartford bought the Conrad from Capt Alan Vllliers Australian book sailor who sailed her all over the world in his literary argosy She had settled down In the valhalla of old ships at Brooklyn when Mr Hartford brought her to life again The ship was built more than 50 years ago by the Danish government which later used her as a Her proper name Is training ship Shes a proud the Georg Stage staunch old ship with two full suits of sails decks of teak and two brass cannon on the poop deck She Is 100 feet 8 Inches on the waterline Baron konstantin Add'd Bluebird To Your Linens Out ynoss the tulips fly our itheied friends the Bluebirds so realistic when embroidered in dainty 10 to the inch cross stitch0 See how prettily these bird motifs may be ndapted either to border or corner various household ac- - sets !owU ast or kUehen curtain Tulip are in single stitch Use gay floss Pattern 1475 contains a transfer pattern of two motifs 6’4 by 8V cssorlts-breaO- inches two motifs 3 by 9ft Inches and four motifs 6 by 6 Vs inches and four motifs 314 by 5V4 inches illustrations of color suggestions rematerial all stitches used quirements Send 13 cents In stamps or coins (coins preferred) for this pattern to The Sewing Circle Needlecraft Dept 82 Eighth Ave New York Please write plainly your name address and pattern number 7avotita )2cctpa oft tha Y 14 14 Gratsd I t tap salt cup sugar Up vsnllja Scald milk with orange rind Beat eggs end egg yolk slightly mix with salt sugar and vanilla Add hot milk gradually return to double boiler cook until custard coats spoon and foam disappears from surface Strain and chill Serve with meringue tnd garnish with jelly This will make a delicious dessert Uncooked Meringue Few drope vantXU or orange extract sgg white Few grains salt sugar 1 von neu- - I tbe German foreign minister asserts the right and intention of Germany to organize Nazi units abroad The Abroad Uration comes at the peak of a Organize to drive by the relch Back Hitler and to in all its minorities doctrinate European countries and to unite Germans everywhere behind the national socialist regime In this activity Herr von Neurath seems to have displaced the frenetic Rosenberg of whom not much has been heard lately The foreign minister is of the ancient Junker clan close in with the monarchists and the army of aristocratic feudal and liU new ascendanbackground cy is Interpreted by soma observers as an Indication of the increasing dominance of his allied groups as against the newcomers who head the Nazi party He sterna from Germany aristoa hefty ruddy crat of an ancient Wuerttemberg dynasty with slicked gray hair and He gray mustache was a student of law entering the consular service in 1900 Serving in many foreign capitals he was 'Ambassador to Rome from 1922 to 1930 and formed a warm friendship with Mussolini whom he characterized He dislikes pubas the Ideal ruler lic appearances and rarely makes interview an or grants speech ISLAND FLOATINQ cups milk oranfs rtnd whole ( (s (g yolk 114 Beat salted and flavored egg white to stiff foam Add sugar tableapoonful at a time beating until all granules are dissolved Wealth lit Happmesf There is a sort of wealth in tho ability to find happiness in simple things like books birds flowers and friends that cost nothing— Vinton A Holbrook HEUBIKIDNEiYsSl To Get Rid of Add and Poisonous Waste hdg ts ksep )red Yeer kidneys UtHng wsete mile II your kidneys (asntloasUy dlnerdmd end IsS te renters scene Impurities there nay be oieoaine ef tbe whole systea and dtetreee Horning eeeaty er tee frseeent wv aatioa may be e warning U zoom kidney er bladder disturbance Yea nay auger nefflng BaehneB pen latent Sender he etlarke at dteeieaa patfflanae getting ep el(bte ewelllng week nerroun' aS al under tbe AlYl mL In euch eanae It !e Better te rely ee a ned trine that Baa woe eeuntry eddo eeriain then ee oometblrr leae la wee ably known Use Itaaa’t Pi IU A n altitude at grateful people Deeaa dk pewr eefokiart By eonaUnUy I row the blood pt i TIT HEN SIOTTED TAIL of living Red Cloud could not see this and he remained 'nonas the exasperated progressive Indian office officials put it until the day of his death” That day came In 1909 when Red Cloud blind and bowed with the weight of his 87 years died at his home on the Pine Ridge resThe ervation in South Dakota newspaper dispatches which carried the news of his death told of his great deeds on the war trail They gave no mention of the fact that he was great in other ways too— as a patriot fighting a losing battle against the power of a more numerous race and as a diplomat who more than once had defeated the men of that race In the council as well as on the battlefield C f WtntNywpapr Union the President Hoover VY was hit by an airplane bomb Admiral Harry E Yarnell assumed emergency command of all Ameri-can shipping In Rules Are Off Far Eastern wa Since this ters When Japs Fight China Oor lobby Is dcllgbtfally sir cooled dartag tbs gammer moo tbs A Radio far Frery Ream ZOO Rewnw— 200 Beths isn't a real war Just what he can do about such random shooting isn’t quite clear— there are no rules to govern the present situation— but at any rate he’s riding herd on our ships and doing the best he can In the Boxer uprising at the turn he was an ensign of the century A a Ameron the XJ S S Yorktown ica pursued her “manifest destiny he hasn’t missed any of the major excitements since them Previously he had been In the war and the Philippine insurHe helped occupy Vera rection Cruz and he was an aide on the staff of Admiral Hugh Rodman when our ships were serving with the British grand fleet In the Work He rose in the navy through war his mastery of engineering tech' i niques News f'saturss 0 ConsolMt—d WNU Sarrlca t I 11 ll ll ’t' s rft H 'S L Ex 1: 1 HOTEL Temple Square Rates gira iotZ CO Tbe Kebl Temple Sqweee B— a bU friendly highly 14 always lied It pkaneTew and elate ewuerw— ly eemlWuUe there theewwehly anraehleYow fere udwetand why thin betel te at— lean CicnLT zzoor:r:rxxr3 tbe uppeeelata why H t‘rp If! e mark el RPskeee: — Tew seat ERNEST C ROSSITtR -r |
