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Show Review oi current Events tlie World Over Defense Progress of the Talker Presents His Strike Business Conference jij.Test Farmers Opened by President Hoover. A py EDWARD W. PICKARD ..vrs WALKER J. Gov- defense before numerous n vwlt ami to testify to the pre called ;ty of his actions At the and motive.:.. week of the beginning Walker's chief coun- f'r0nB.d nf We stateurmt: te can only go to court to avoid a physical well ensue if a conflict that might without juris- made order were f ,h? & forney staff challenged the of the court to limit the govLore i, riSty The' amor's first witnesses were the taxi hoard of con members of the city - F. Loree. one of them being M Hudson and Delaware the of .resident his nd Llroai He colleagues testifnot attempt in did Walker that ied of cabs number the limit any way to with J. A. after the bond transaction basis of one of Mr. g'sto which is the Four Seahurv'3 most serious charges. were taxicab operators independent control called and swore the board of a monopoly had not tried to create I- for the larger companies. newspaper publPaul Block, the witnisher, was a loyal and stubborn ess for the mayor. Concerning their Joint stock account, he testified that each took $102,000 from it in one year, and he told the governor that he never the thought that his entertained or business friendship for the mayor might be used to trade for fa per-aon- Roosevelts question Governor vors. brought forth illuminating test! that Mr $140,000 regarding mony Block had put Into a tile mnnufac taring concern in which Senator John lug Hastings, another of the Walker It was owned a large interest. brought out that none of the tile ever was sold to the city. It was also shown that if the plnns to manufactJ. group, ure the tile had not been dropped the city would have been Interested In the product. Walkers claim has been that the entire Investigation was inspired by the Republicans to embarrass the Democratic party in the November election. to bolster np this claim he summoned eight Republican state leaders, at the head of the list being W. Kinjpdand Mary, state chairman. The governor, however, blocked this move by refusing to hear testimony regarding the motives of the legislators who ordered the Investigation In the attempt that resulted the charges against In the mayor. The hearing has taken much more time than had been expected, so the decided on night sessions. governor v, Ahrr.ED E. SMITH, whilom national leader of the Democratic Party, is now an editor. When the Outlook, now the New Out-loresumes ation on public- October M will be fitting editorial 1 the chair, once occupied by Theodore Roosevelt, Id his announcement of the fact he said he would n7 on the traditions of and Roosevelt 8Mve to make magazine a plat- term for the free and !$$ hheml expression of A. E. Smith thought economic, civic and spiritual b effis ot the Ag to lts day htical complexion he had nothing to Progressive the oa wbich suspended pub- - licatinniUtl.00k kprin- - was recently pur- rr,lnk Ticbenor, publisher f Aer digest and other Bu- -.. ln,Ied by tlenrv tfaid peSiT "as amoneTr ln 1SG!) and has Includ-uj,by k " "' Jears Allbolt Roospve,tFour I?' "re.combined with the - a- -o ,Mependen B, c, Po,"1' hU'h was founded by as an anti slavery organ. M.idd,e West ere k their success designed to force Pface nn! evemen? 11 h,gher levels. The ' started In Iowa, Spread to' tones wel fatPS' and two ln Nebraska where pro(iuc'red. At Omaha ntv a. Td higbpr tasks Conn lc.a 9 of the ''d'k association tn a'V fof per hundredweight "pb a previous lbe at llncolD milk e'ers pny an in0f CPnts over the jure, previous S"striu-.C0S!derabI- Tr vie-trii- k l)rl-'e- 07 Jenibled , agriculturists were ieaftamp! along the mnIn ter were rpnng nto maha, but peters tere'in tbat 80me of the the method o' enf8 d!Spute as "holidjjit orcing the farmers the White House eonfer- WHEN v enee on business and Industry opened Friday with more than one hundred prominent men in attendance, President Hoover started the proceedings with a statement outlining the scope of the parley. He proposed several specific lines of action. One aims to bring about increased em ploy meat and includes the five day wek, though Mr. Hoover did not recommend its adoption universally. A second deals with easier and cheaper creilit for certain industries that have not benefited by the loosening up that already has taken place. A third proposition is to seek better credit fa cilities for marketing of farm products and live stock, both in the United States and abroad. Other speakers of the opening day were: Secretary of the Treasury Mills, Gov. Eugene Meyer of the federal reserve board, Chairman Atlee Fomerene of the Reconstruction Finance corporation. Secretary of Commerce Ralph I). Chapin, Chairman Franklin W. Fort of the home loan bank board and Paul Bestor, farm loan commissioner. It was decided that small committees should handle each specific problem of economic inertia, and that after the close of the conference the plans It may develop shall be given effect by local subcommittees. Officials predicted that as a result of the conference a central or executive committee will be formed to Include the biggest bankers and business men of the country. This body, they pointed out, may unify the activities of the business and industrial committees of the 12 federal reserve districts and become the spearhead of the recovery drive. TRIMBI.E, clerk of the of representatives, made good his promise and gave to the public a statement of the transactions of the Reconstruction corporation from July 21 to July 31 Inclusive. During those eleven days, the directors of the corauthorized poration 437 new loans aggre-gatin- SOUTH g $45,057,556, and Increases of former loans totaling $1,653,500 to banks and other credit institutions and to railroads. The total so loaned was $46,711,056. Later It was revealed that some of the loans authorized to banks had not been drawn upon. Chairman Steagall of the house banking committee said he believed the publicity given the loans would tend to strengthen the confidence of depositors in the banks concerned. Mr. Trimble was accused by Congressman Treadway of Massachusetts of acting as he did In order to gain favor with Speaker Garner, who advocated publicity for the reports. In reply the house clerk said this charge was ridiculous and that he acted on the legal advice of his son, who held the law gave him no discretion in the matter. CONGRESSMAN SHANNONS the results of federal competition with private concerns in business went to South Bend, Ind., and there heard a lot more complaints against Uncle Sam as a trader. Manufacturers, business men and representatives of various industries declared they were being pushed to the wall through competition from government boards and bureaus that are financed by taxpayers money. Their wail was presented by the Federation of American Business, and the lines of competition ran all the way from pickles and rubber stamps to department stores, wheat, coffee and cotton. The Association of Railway Execu tives presented a brief attacking the Inland Waterways corporation, the government barge line that operates on the Mssissippi, Illinois and Warrior rivers. The railway men argued that the government should get rid of the barge line as an unfair competitor of the rails. Manufacturers In Illinois presented a brief giving specific lines In which Is recompetition by ttie government the Into cutting their business, ducing normal revenues, reducing their pay rolls and number of employees, meanwhile piling np the tax burden. One item of complaint Is the growth of prison Industries. Modern Contract Bridge By Lefia Hattmiey MichiganToday M No. Responding to No Trump Bids THE next opponent passes after your partner has opened with one or two no trump, and you have from l!i to 2.j honor-tricklook first for a regulation take-ou- t In a biddable fit suit. Failing a suit bid, you may raise a one no trump bid once on two honor tricks plus. Your yardstick measurement tells you that a T DROSIErrs for war ln Germany were heightened when a court at Beuthon, Upper Silesia, sen tenced five National Socialists to death in connection with the killing of a Communist. Seven other Nazis were sentenced to prison at hard labor. Immediately Adolf Hitler and his followers arose In civil mighty nouncing Coun-Bluff- sel, John J. Curtin, Suclosed his plea to Justice Court preme reStaley to halt the moval proceedings, and with wtiat seems lack to be bis usual of tact wound up with L F Despite warnings from federal offthe farmers in several Instances Interfered with rail shipments of live stock in Iowa and Nebraska. Wisconsin and Minnesota dairymen were planning meetings to divide whether not to Join In the strike. Tear bombs came Into use at Iowa, wtien sheriffs delat ties employed them to scatter a crowd of 1.000 farm strikers' and spectators who were blocking a highway. Each trucker en route to market was given a deputy escort and no violence resulted icials, wit-rBr- s TRUBEB DAVISON, assistant secretary of war, has announced that he Is a candidate for the gubernatorial nomination at the New York state Republican convention. The announcement followed formal notification to him that the executive committee of Nassau county Republican committee had adopted a resolution pronouncing him the candidate of the Nassau county Republicans. P wrath, de- the sentence, Chancellor Von Papen and the entire government of the reich and demanding pardon for the five. There were riotous demonstrations In Beuthen and other places, with attacks on Jews and Socialists, and the police and more conservative Nazi leaders had a hard time curbing the enraged Hitlerites. Hitler issued a statement declaring the condemned men to be martyrs and assuring them that their freedom from this minute Is a question of our honor." He added: It is our duty to battle the government which made this monstrous biood sentence possible. Heaven may send us torture upon torture, but the National Socialist movement will soon be able to finish this guillotine government led by Von Papen. To meet the storm of protest and denunciation, the governments of the reich and of Prussia Issued a Joint s manifesto that made It plain Von cabinet would not tolerate any revolt against the laws of the reich. It declared that the severest penalties would be Invoked against every lawbreaker, regardless of person or party, and that the government would yield to no political pressure In considering the cases of the five condemned men. Pa-pen- partner.-dii-p five-da- st L Michigan by National Qeogrraphio Society, Waahmiftea, lx O, VSNU durvle. five-car- 10 8 Raise to Three No Trumps 4 4 II-K- 5 10 8 D-- J Raise to Four No Trumps 4 10 8 I)-- J B Take Out With Two Spades C-- 8 D-3 II 0 0 5 Q 043 Take Out With Three Spades 43 4 D-4- 5 3 3 Take Out With Two Diamonds 5 7 Take Out With Three Diamonds J 10 4 3 D-- 5 C-- The Forcing Bid of Two When you find yourself the happy which possessor of 54 honor-trickby the yardstick measurement tell you that there are no more than three defensive tricks outstanding, you are practically assured of game If you can be certain of playing at the best possible contract for your partnership hands. In other words, to make the most of your valuable Land, you must do three things first, notify your partner that there 1 a game In sight; In arsecond, force him to riving at the best final contract; third, keep the bidding low until you are sure that the most advantageous choice has been made. To serve all of these purposes an unconditional forcing hid Is required, and a forcing bid of two In your best Is high enough suit Is Ideal. A two-bito serve definite notice on your partner that thereafter be Is forced to keep the bidding open until a game contract (or Its penalty equivalent) Is reached, while it is low enough to leave ample room for as full an exchange of informative bids as may be necessary, Requiiements for forcing two bids d are: in three With 54 HONOR-TRICKsuits you may make au opening two-bi- d , or longln any biddable suit. er, in three With 5 IIONOU-TRICKsuits you may make an opening two-bi- d d suit with a powerful with additional outside playing-tricks- ; with a strong suit; with a or with a practically solid suit. ln three With 44 lIONOIt-TUICKsuits you may make an opening two-biwith a long, solid trump suit or a freak Examples of regulation two bids are: with 54 honor-trickTwo Spades S four-card- five-car- six-car- d two-suite- five-car- d hPars that the prince LONDON again is going to take a bride, and again the rumor is that the lady chosen is Princess Ingrid of Sweden. The prince Is to open a British exhibition at Copenhagen on September 24. and he is to attend the wed ding of Prince Gustaf of Sweden at Coburg Octolier 20. Between those dates, according to the uncon firmed story, he will pay a visit to Stockholm. and it is expected the marriage will then he arranged. on MOI.LISON of little Moth field. New as the first fl'zht across the Atlantic. His start first was from Ireland and he Innded He B. N. St. John. forty miles from back to Ireland as soon to fly planned as tlie weather was propitious. 2 efftern A. Newpapr Q 92 Diamonds DK 10 9 0 4 two of bids with Examples Ua-o- n 3 4 5 4 Two S-- J54 K C-- K 1I-- 5 honor-t- : ricks Two Hearts DAKC 4 K Q 8 I)-- 3 two bids Two Similes IDA Q DKQ43 Two Diamonds II none . C-- Two Club II-- put his Roosevelt plane down at York and went on record person to make the solo IQ s Examples of exceptional with 44 honor-tricks- : v Great Britain (Pi two-suite- SKQJ The prince of Waif'S years old lust June. was thirty-eigh- t Is twenty-two- . blond, a pretty Ingrid, She Is distantly related to the prince and Is a frequent visitor in London, the where rhe is often the gnost of also one is She roval family. British of the most eligible of the princesses in Europe. "HPT. JAMES d S-- 1S32. by Leila 3 Hatti-r!e- ) C-- A QJ C-- company of Michigan pioneers were recently honored when the Lumbermen's Memorial, overlooking tlie Au Sable river, was dedicated. Little did Monsieur Jean Nleolet, the first white man to set foot on Mlelil gan ln 1034, or the hardy pioneers who later laid a firm foundation upon which the Btnte was built suspect thnt today their crude camps would be sites of great American cities joined by a splendid network of fine highways and railroads. In its Infancy Michigan was a huge lumber camp; today its Industries are legion. Detroit Industries alone normally employ some 350,000 workers who are massed in units attaining to 55, 000 or 65,000 in a single establishment " It Is, of course, her automobile Industry, which predominates In this mass employment. When the future state was surrendered by tlie British In 1796, nobody attached undue Importance to a village named Detroit with Its 500 Inhabitants and an area less than a square mile. Skip 136 years and Detroit reappears ns tlie nation's fourth largest city with an area of more than 140 square miles, a population of more than one and a quarter million and an Industrial product value of $2,000,000,-00- 0 a year. Approaching the city by lake steamer one beholds a striking panorama. The Canadian side shows many miles of green meadows, while the American side reveals a gradually intensify lng spectacle of mammoth cranes, towering stacks, vast factories all of Industrys bewildering panoply. Lest the motorcar bulk disproportionately on Detroits skyline, It should be remembered that the citys 3,000 major manufacturing plants Include 35 lines that fall Into the million-dol-lar- s class of productivity. In fact, ever since the days when Detroit made the first gold pens, ran tlie first refrigerator cars and built among the earliest of sleeping cars and, tradition adds, mixed the first soda the Michigan metropolis has been a plexus of diversified manufacturing. Detroit' Remarkable Growth. Her growth, measured in terms of population, has Increased more than 860 per cent during this century. Indeed, her present roll of Industrial operatives surpasses by more than her total population of 1900. Within the past ten years the office has taken Its place ln Detroits skyline, and apartment hotels and hotel skyscrapers cannot be reared fast enough to keep pace with her growth. In fact, Detroits rapid changes in physiognomy Justify the English writer who remarked of American cities, Wrecked buildings spring up like mushrooms. One turns gratefully from Detroit's tra thoroughfare's Into that loveliest retreat of all her 3,000 acres of park space Belle Isle. In trading eight barrels of rum, three rolls of tobacco and six pounds of warpaint Belle Isle, the for the Indian-ownecitys forefathers achieved something not to be expressed by its present valuation of many millions of dollars; for Belle Isle park Is ut once the workers restful Avalon, treasure-huntin- g childhoods pirate lair, and every ones as enchanted island, with song-bird- s Ariels and caged boars as Calibans. What more intriguing than a wooded Island park, canalized for canoeing, dotted with picnickers stoves, and visited by a symphony orchestra tills on the edge of a great Industrial city? Pontiac, a town founded in tlie early boom period, leaped Into tlie general expansion frenzy by taking out the state's first railroad charter in 1830. .Six years later work was begun on the Detroit & Pontiac railroad. Presently many a pioneer, upon hearing the first locomotives distant shriek, was seizing bis gun to git the bar with the A k D-- J Makes a Major Prepared s, 4 XL houor-- ( five ricks Is sufficient for a contract of two no trump. Being assured that jour partnership has at least 44 plus, It Is good policy, even at a slight risk, to keep the bidding open, rather than to chance a pass which might leave your partner high and dry with a holding far stronger than the minimum. As a matter of fact, few original no trump bids actually occur on the absolute minimum of 24 honor-trickbut are almost always reinforced with extra tricks or plus values. To raise a partners original two no trump bid to game requires only about one honor-tricplus. with no Holding three honor-trick- s biddable suit, Jump your partner's one no trump bid to game. If you have a d biddable suit, major or of minor, make a forcing take-ou- t three in the suit This jump take-ou- t forces your partner to rebid either four In the trump declared or three no trumps If weak in yotlr suit. Even though lie lias opened on a minimum count he mut keep the flag flying after you have signalled him so emphatically that your partnership is ln tlie game zone. Exumples where partner has opened with one no trump which has not been overcalled: Raise to Two No Trumps S-- of news of PERHAPS the best piece was the announcemeut by Myron C. Taylor, chairman of the board of the United States Steel corporation, that it would Immediately spend $5,fKK),OX) for replacements and new equipment The expenditures are to be made in the corporations plants In Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Alabama and Pennsylvania. It would seem the buying movesaid ment cannot long be delayed, Mr. Taylor, and his further remarks Indicated that the directors of the huge corporation believe It is now safe for them to plan for better times ln the industrial world. On the other hand, a sour note Is Injected in the chorus of hope by a group of eminent engineers known as Technocracy who for more than ten years have been analyzing the American Industrial and social system under the auspices of Columbia university. These men, using a yardstick called energy production," have concluded tbat Industry has reached the point of efficiency where further expansion is virtually Impossible and where the creation of debt on an already overladen structure has passed its period of growth. They predict two within 20,000,000 unemployed years If a downward trend of basic and services continues, commodities and consider futile such efforts at rey week, the suscitation as the Reconstruction Finance corporation and low-cohousing schemes. Technological efficiency, they hold, has increased production to such an extent that employment no matter how many new industries are initiated will continue its steady decrease from the peak of 1918, while the total debt claim against the physical equipment of ail American industry has risen to the fantastic figure at a debt claim on of holding d 8 104 WNU Bircioe Pain A lot of trash is talked about pain chiefly by those who have never had to endure it smug philosophers and care pious folk who have taken good of their own carcasses and escaped diseases. Pain does one good thing for a man against a lot of bad ones. Pain lowers our usefulness and tends to weaken our hope hud things both. But the fine thing It should do Is to and make chronic sufferers sympathetic to the wois of the world. Pain Ls responsible for much human symi a thy a very valuable possession for any man. Only those Jest at scars who never felt a wound. Eden GREAT 00,-(X- cloud-touch- d strident voice. Great State for Lumber, Tlie original track of wooden, soon discharging rails s ripiied-of- f of sheathing fragments through the car bottoms. These snake-headas the flying fragments were called, caused many a casualty among the passengers until the D. & P. came handsomely to the rescue with "a new and elegant car metaled flooring smothered tlie snake head offensive. Michigans through rail connection with the East was estnbHshed by tlie completion of tiie Gieat Western railroad ln 1854. Nowadays the state's transportation Is served by steam lines operating 8,700 miles, motor coaches 7, Out) miles, and electric lines l.Otx) miles. Michigan s every city, it seems, must make something, and Her very capital iron-sheate- d wh-vs- Part of the World's Air Rifles. Is not content to make only laws. Lansing normally has 15,000 hands engaged In Industries, mainly the automotive or auxiliary thereto, producing an annual output valued at $185,000,-00- 0. Though Lansing's forests hav long since yielded to the spacious avenues radiating from her state house, and though the cry for reforesting the state ls widespread, the capital and her sister cities rank among the country's most communities. beautifully Sometimes appearing as If burled In greenery, and for the most part displaying regularly spaced maples along foliage-roofe- d streets, Michigans towns thus preserve a souvenir of the great logging area of their state. forest primeval lay Michigans with pine and softwoods mainly to the north of 43rd parallel of latitude, and with the hardwoods mainly to the south of It, A century ago her area was still 07 per cent timbered.- In tho expansion period that followed tlie Civil war the state loomed up as the great pine producer. Eastern farmers turned pioneer and trekked Mlchlganward for their fractional investment ln the 125,000,000,-00- 0 feet of timber that rose north ol Saginaw. The prairie states wers calling for timber, and Michigans was massed ln big stands with easy river access to the Great Lakes. Up sprang 800 camps employing 25, (XX) loggers. Plank roads were laid through tlie wilderness. In 1875 there were 30 solid miles of logs ln the An Gres. For more than 80 years men chopped and saws screamed, until In 1890 lumbering Michigans pine reached its peak with 4,250,000,000 feet. Transition to Manufacturing. But the young states transition period from lumbering to manufacturing wai not accomplished without growing pains. Her forests shorn, a host ol lumber towns Ludington, Cheboygan, Bay City, Manistee, Alpena, Muskegon, Saginaw relapsed temporarily kits stagnation or ruin. Tho story of Muskegon Is typical Her glories fled, her people trekked, and grass grew In her streets. Then slowly she rebuilt herself on th deserts left by vanished sawmills. How, the woodworking, automotlvs and other Industries have lifted th d town to her present prosperity Is one of the most striking stories ln Michigan annals. Sawmill Saginaw, once such a City that her shore area was materially enlarged by filling ln the shallow lagoons with Incalculable tons of sawdust, represents a similar rise, faR, y and comeback. she normally pays more In freight bills on her and other products than her famed lumber cut was worth 40 yeari ago. Flint took refuge ln carriage building. Many a town started diversified Citizens woodworking as a stop-gap- . at Ludington, Manistee, and elsewhere bored tlie earth, produced brines, and made the steam of lumber mills evap-orattlie brlDe Into salt There was a state-wid- e spectacle of Michigan remaking herself. But not until around the turn of the present century did she set a firm foot on the Industrial ladder, up which she has since made so spectacular an ascent. Where the Mint Grow. Southwest of Lansing the Indian place-namof Kalamazoo (beautiful water) still holds true by reason of the cold springs which once refreshed the red man and nowadays refresh a muck-lancelery crop valued at upward of $2, 000, (XX). The same muck region puts Michigan topmost, along with northern Indiana, ln peppermint. These two sections produce, for phar. maeeutlcnl and other purposes, 85 per cent of tlie United States supply. Kalamazoo's paper factories, which have produced bond and book stock for 50 years, Instance how Michigan turned to manufacturing when her lumbering peak had passed. Grand Rapids furniture market comprises an International aggregation of manufacturers, buyers, and salesmen. From a score of states and from European countries come the displays of furniture and Interior decoration. These are disposed on the vast floor spaces of 20 factory showrooms and ten specially built exhibition buildings. Tlie buyers of whom 3JXX) are sometimes present, hall from every state ln the Union and from half a dozen foreign countries. Its 73 furniture factories, employing gome 14,(XX) people, represent an annual products value of about $50,000, Cu. A large preponderance of Holla riders, who still nourish the old craft-spiri- t tradition, ls to be found among the local furniture and cabinetmakers. . tree-shade- d once-ruine- To-da- e e d |