| Show ia ' A deguerreotTpe of Abraham Lincoti (b ilxtemUi PrttUeat el the la known variously ao the Martyr P reel dent the Great Emancipator ELMO SCOTT WATSON "TOW did It happen that George came to he Washington known by the name of "The Father of Ilia Country?” The obvious answer to that is of course that question anew nation grateful to the man who had led It safely through the dangers of a revolution agnlnst Its former rulers looked upon him is Its parent and appropriately him elected for Ita first President But the fact remains that Washing ton wss known by that title two years before (he struggle for liberty had been woo and at least ten years before he was railed to the highest executhe ofllce To a Pennsylvania German almanac published In Pa by Francis Bailey In 1770 the honor of first applying belongs that title to Washington The frontispiece of this almanac was a crude woodcut of a scene In which appeared several symbolic figures In the upper left hand corner of the drawing Is hon Fameanmnger” hearing In one hand a medallion of Washington with s laurel wreath upon his head and In the othef a trumpet from which conies the words "Dee Landes Vster"— “The Father of the Country" TusC fiokf '"‘Widespread "“been ine fhe use of that title as the result of the of this alumnae la unpublication known but In 17S1 It was used aguln by Count Dumas a French officer In Itochambeau’s In thut year army had gone to George Washington R I to confer with Uenerul ltochambeao the InhabAlthough itants of that colony had suffered terribly from the ravages of the war and were desperately poor they desired to give the commander In chief of the Continental rearmy an appropriate To help those who had been ception too Impoverished by the war to purchase readies with which to light their windows In Ms honor the council ordered that these be given to them free The parade In honor of Is described Washington by a contemporary writer as follows: By Ths procession wss led off by th!rty W“M HtJ en staff follow! by General Washington Count Kochembeau and the other ottlcers their sides and the procession of The night was clear and there was not a breath to tan the torches marched Ths brilliant procession through ths principal streets and then to headquarters On ren returned ng the door Washington waited on the step until sit the officers and their friends had entered the houae then turning to the boys who had acted na tor htiarers ha thanked them for their attention This was glory enough for da tha young patriots lUinoobahi-lxaftorTiis eon fere ike Washington prepured to return to his headquarters near West I'ot nt nd Count Dumas was apimluted by Itochumbeau to escort the general In his from Newport to Providence memoirs Count Pumns tells of the Incident and records the use of the A Soap Danger beSoap flakes and onp powders ing extremely explosive take the'r place ns the latest Industrial hazard It has been found thut eayg Science certain kinds of soap dusts when bus- landed Jo air are more violently ex other Industrial plotdble than dusts These soap dusts are eueily I ignited and explode acviolently companied by much flame and large of Uet ansnUties TLl la la iplte term "futher lows: of bis country” as fol- arrived thera at night on March The whole of ths population had assembled from tha suburbs wa were surrounded crowd of children by carrying torches reiterating tha acclamations of tha cltlsens all were ths person of him eager to approach whom they called thslr father and that they pressed so closely around hindered us from proceeding General waa much affected atopped Washlngtcffi a few momenta and pressing my hand said: “Wa msy ba beaten by the English It Is ths chancs of war but behold an army which they can never conquer" We In connection tvlth the use of that term In referring to Washington It Is Interesting to note that u recent has biography of Washington been published hy the ISobhs Merrill under the title of "The Father of Ills Country It le written hy K William Hurt on noted as a of Lincoln and In his biographer "The Influence of Washingchapter ton" Barton makes gome Interesting comparisons between these two great men as follows: He loved his country and he was capable of loving every part of It He wae boro in the South but we do not think of him aa a southerner He spent hla Ilfs In the Rest but few men °Lhla generation JibjI m much faith In ths West or atrofe more earnestlto bind East and y and Intelligently West together by roada and canala Railways of course ha did not know about but hs would have been In them There le eomethlng of cloae kinship In Washington's eager neas to aes s great national highway from the coast to ths Interior and Uncnln s great the hope of eeelng completion of the Union Indeed there ere many line qualimen two ties which these had In common In education believed Washington and sought to secure a large American university aa he This country needed believed Intelligent citizens leaders and lie believed In peace with all and he sought to secure that peace by luatlce and honor But he was a man of courage and when national existence or Integrity waa at take he risked hla life and hla fortune for hla country Lincoln waa born In poverty and spent nearly all hla life a poor boy see born In and man Washington became e piap of great fipf£tL"4 Lincoln overcame ths handiwealth Waahlngton overccap of poverty ame the greater peril of wealth While none of the drtallrd descriptions of Washington describes him as a man ths details of whose appearance could he accounted marks of beauty he wae a man of striking physique and had a certain that made him nothing leas than handsome hla Impressiveness Waxhlngton and Lincoln were nearly of a height We do not know what measured In his stockings and ha wus proud to add the height of hte n whnt would have been s stature Ile culled poaalUTF" gwnnaslum himself six feet and four Inchea In height and probably In hie stockings wae a little ever six test and two Inchea we Washington Concerning hove no precise measurements and a somewhat of widely varying aeries statements He probably waa Just about Lincoln's height Lincoln at hie heaviest weighed about one hundred of the fact that soup Is a compound semi organic nature mol thut sodium roitmotinds In general have a cool Ing effect oa the flames of explosives rf Echoes From Bsyoad the Moos Light on the wandering of wireless waves through the ether Is claimed by Professor Sioertuer of Oslo to have been thrown by experiments In conjunction by Norwegian and Dutch wireless stations The professor states that echoes from have been clearly distinguished was about eighty Washington hundred Washington was spars Lincoln always thin Both had nar row chests Neither had a large head In proportion to his body and that of alxs of whlla about th Washington tha average head seemed small because hla body waa ao large Both men carried their heads well on finely polaed enormous had necks Washington Lincoln’s feet and hands feet were about the else of Washington's but Washhis hands were much smaller ington's largeness showed Itself In the bulk of his bones and ths prominence were Lincoln's of hts Joints Joint not unusually prominent but bla bonee were very long In proportion to their physibulk Both men were powerful cally and ratalned their etrength Into later yearn Each of theaa men called - to high and perilous responsibility In an hour of national peril faced dangers miand misrepresentation sunderstandings to hla Each of them remained true convictions and unfalteringly loyal to to hla country Each of them waa loyal to conscience sincere religious sympatriotic end pathetic courageous two and Of the Influence of this "futher of his country” upon the nation which he founded and as a final tribute t the ISnrton gfeiitiiexs of the niRji himself as writes la the same chapter lows education was certainly American nor la established by Waahlngton hut the foremost example of waa' en early and emphsftTc'Inltin of cues In favor of the development America that in education Itself ahnulj train our national leaders ant enable every American cltixen to think and act Intelligently In all hla transactions with the government as private clllaen as aolciler fell and official no act of Washing-tobelow the high etendard of honor In was Inherent hit character which end Ills personal his public Integrity probity were of the highlit quality The Influence of Weahlngton la still In the traditions that lo be found With long to the Preeldentlal office come auch at have modifications naturally through the years the and Influence of the office of the President Is what It la In no small Washington established part because lie precedents and wisely thought out Its customs State The relation of the United with other natlona are very largely what they are because of the wisdom In hit definition of Washington of the American attitude The United Stataa after tong struggles with sectionalism and divtwive sues have coma to tee more and more vision that Washington'! qf a great Is united republic and completely America's true Ideal lo la realise the high It Interesting esteem of George Washington In other lands than ours In Orent Britain he aa highly as he Is is honored almost In America In Europe and thrtvughout his name la known and the world newer republics have found Inspiration In hie character and wisdom America has other end more recent heroes and there will be more In genrations to come But he itanda and wlUever stand ae a noble embodiment hfe In of elf that generation waT Hie worthiest In American character honor Is undlmmed and hla name takes on addtd luster with the passing of the yenrs lew netlone have such name to stand at the head of their lisle of national heroes America and the world will ever venerate tne name of George tha father of Washington hla country Lincoln’s Friend hi a lonely Held labored I have thought Yet eometimM Ho glfanpoed a Figure distant there Aa patiently ho wrought itillnaaaaa whereta Through aching Ha toiled end murmured aot He How often la tha anguiahed hours Hs (alt ead understood Ths Lonely One who watched afar So sorrowful and good The Siietit Friend Whose presence Cava sc lace to hit mood be lelt Hla sear when Surely Forsook ead Bed the place Whoa ell be knew of comforting Wae that changeless grace Surely He la must —Laura there aae hit Cetheeaiane have eeee Hie a Simmons le the Bostoe Clobo Greatness of Lincoln Shown in Statecraft In the St Louis Tost Writing flk JN 8 h n o el fessor of history at the College of Charleston S C thus reviews President Lincoln's great achievements The history of the North bod virtually become by April 18C1 the history of Lincoln himself and during the regaining years of the President’s life It Is difficult to separate his perfrom the' trend of national sonality the history Any attempt to understand and the omissions cblevements of the Northern people without undertakestimate of their ing an Intelligent leader would be only to duplicate the with flnmlot left story of Usmlet out According to the opinion of English military experts the "against great military genius of certutn Southern leaders fate opposed the unbrokdevoen resolution and passionate tion to the Union which he worof the great Northern Presishipped dent As long as he lived nnd ruled the people of the North there could be no turning back" He was neither s snlnt nor s villain Wbnt be actually was ts not so easily stated however Prodigious men are never ensy to sum up nnd Lincoln wns a prodigious man The more one studies him the more dividual he appears to be By degrees one comes to understand how It was for contemporaries to hold possible views of him nrd for contradictory each to believe that Ids views were dha fuels hv — — proved Lincoln’s Friends and Enemies To measure Lincoln's achievement two things must be remembered: On his task was not as the one hand as It might have been bearduous cause the most Intellectual part of the North had definitely com mil ted Itself either Irretrievably for or Irreconetl his policy Lincoln agnlnst ably did not have to trouble lie puts forward the view that the therefore waves are thrown buck to earth when himself with this portion of the popuOn the other hand thut part they reach a point In space far be lation which he had to ninster Included such' ynud the moon emotional rhetoricians ns Horace Greefierce zealots as Henry Win such ley Rock! :he of ea Ag ter Paxis of Maryland who made him The falrty- lrout)I(rTfu7eoJ fan-- IVnji mid Tvde? new Scientists know this boce ow military egoists ns Mcthey are so steep Old mountains s:e Clelfan and Dope ucb crafty more worn down and have lower as his own secretary of the forms The growth of mountains le treasury such astute grafters as alow They are not pushed up sud Cameron such miserable creatures denly In some grand cataclysm but as a certain powerful capitalist who rise few Lathes In 1000 year not ha hla jj United State and tba tba favorite President This waa photographic portrait of the '1 mao sacrificed his army to their own lust for profits and filched from army conFront Lincoln's Cattyaburf atUitu delivered tracts nt the dedication of tha National Cemetery The wonder of Lincoln’s achieveNovember 19 1863 ment Is that he contrived at last to Tha world will tittle oota nor leaf extend his hold over all these dlierse remember what wo aay bore but It con never elements that be persuaded some lorftt It la for ua tha what they (fid here outwitted others and overcame them rotbar to bo dedicated bera to tbo tin living all The subtlety of this task would finished work which they who fought boro bare have ruined any statesman of the It is rather for ua thua far ao nobly advanced driving sorL to bo boro dedicated to tba greet teak remainGreat Creative Ability ua - that from these honored ing before dead wa take Increased devotkm to that cauoe for We are even today far from a of do they gave tba last oieaauro finitive understanding of Lincoln's which notions that wa bare highly resolve that these statecraft but there ts perhaps Justidead shall not have died In vain— that this fication for venturing upon one prophNation wader God shall have a new birth of ecy The farther from him we get and freedom and that government of tha people the more clearly we see him In perby tba people for tha people shall not perish spective the more shall we realize bis front tbo oarth creative Influence upon hts party In the Lincoln of his ultimate biogto make a government based upon the rapher there will be more of Iron than of a less enduring metal In the figure plain people successful In war Intense Love for Mankind of the Lincoln Of the present tradiHe did not scruple to seize power tion Though none of his gentleness there will be more when he thought the cause of the will disappear demanded It and his enemies people firmness emphasis placed upon his and upon such episodes as that of were prompt to accuse him of holding to the doctrine that the end Justifies I860 when hts single will December the means— a hasty conclusion which turned the scale against compromise will have to be reconsidered What In the defeat upon his steadfastness concerns us more closely Is the defiof his party at the polls In 1862 nite conviction that he felt no sacrifice The Civil war was In truth Lincoln's too great If It advanced the happiness war Those modern pacifists who claim lira asthetf own are beside the of the genewllty of mankind Five weeks after the second Inmark They will never get over the auguration Lee surrendered and the Illusions about Lincoln anti! they see war was virtually at an end Whnt as all the world Is beginning to see was to come after was Inevitably the that his career has universal signiftopl£ of the hour Many icance because of Its bearing upon the overshadowing Lincoln In these represent universal problem of democracy It anecdotes will not do ever to forget that he was last few days of his life as possessed a by high though melancholy moot a man of the people always playing Therefore much the hand of the people In the limited of extreme mercy has been Inferred from the followsocial sense of that Word though playIn his last public address ing It with none of the heat usually ing words made on the night of the eleventh of met with In the statesmen of successfrom Cleon ful democracy to Rob- April : "In the present situation as the phrase goes It may be my espierre from Andrew Jackson to Lloyd to make some new announcement duty to Ills gentleness docs not George the people of the South I am conmove Lincoln from that stern category his life besides his passidering and shall not fall to act Throughout when action shall be proper sion for the Union besides his anNo Animosity In His Heart for slavery there dwelt In tipathy Wbat was to be done for the South his very heart love of nnd faith In the plain people We shall never see what treatment should be accorded the him In true historic perspective until Southern leaders engrossed the Presiwe conceive him as the instrument of dent and his cabinet at the meeting on vast social Idea— the determination April 14 which was destined to be tbelr last Secretary Welle has preserved the spirit of the meeting In a striking anecdote Lincoln said no one need expect he would "take any part in hanging of killing those men even the worst of them Frighten them out of the country open the gates let down the bars scare them off" he said throwing up his hands as if scaring sheep "Enough lives have been sacrificed we must extinguish our resent molts if we expect - harmony and union” While Lincoln was thus arming himself with a vallunt mercy a band of conspirators at an obscure boarding house in Washington were planning his Task of Democracy assassination The passage t m ' ' w ptetur Above th at Mr pamtin Abrebeee Lincoln which wet proe—toS to the Whit Heine bf Robert Todd Lincoln oaa el the Croat The pt-- u Emanctpolor fk ererh Katherine Hr bn d of 60 years has proved necessary to the placing of In historic perspective No President In bis own time with the pos- sible exception of Washington wns so bitterly hated and so fiercely reviled On the other hand none has been the object of such Intemperate hero worHowever ship the greatest In the land were In the main quick to 8"e him la perspective and to Tvrrgntye Ms historic significance it is recorded of Davis that in after dais he a beautiful tribute to Lincoln andpaid sold "Next to the destruction of the the death of Abrdum federacy Lincoln was the darkest day flip has ever known fully tn’ suib V S s V ' 3 r -- |
