Show i- f'V - and Miles against General Confederate forces was looked upon as a holiday so sanguine of victory was northern sentiment and many congressmen and civilians and not a few ladles drove out from Washington to witness the spectacle of whose outcome they had never a man says General Pry McDowell was so tired that while sitting on the ground writing a dispatch he fell asleep pencil in hand In the middle of a sentence His adjutant general aroused him the dispatch was finished and the weary ride to the Potomac resumed When the unfortunate com-mander dismounted at Arlington next doubt Gen James B Fry who was on Mc- forenoon in & soaking rain after 32 Dowell’s staff at that time In writing hours In the saddle his disastrous of this says: campaign of six days was closed The Vv- of the "During the 19th and 20th the biv- first martial effervescence ouacs of McDowell's army at s The country was over almost with in cannon range of men went home and the ‘ the enemy were thronged by visitors Vi chapter of the war ended with the official and unofficial who came from south triumphant and confident the bringing their own sup- north disappointed but determined Washington In his detailed description They were under no military of the plies restraint and passed to and fro among battle General Beauregard says the the troops as they pleased giving the Federal attack failed for two reasons: scene the appearance of a monster "Their forces were not handled with Army Officers Encamped to Study the FieldJ military picnic' Among others the concert of masses (a fault often made venerable secretary of war Cameron later on both sides) and the Individ- the stream which for six or eight have reached Pope’s left and rear In called upon McDowell Whether due ual action of the Confederate troops miles formed the dividing line of the time to cut him off” to a sense of responsibility to a prewas superior and for a very palpable two armies as originally drawn up In All day long on the 30th the two of the fate of his brother monition reason That one army was fighting battle formation There are eight armies fought fiercely and on theN who fell upon the field on the 21st or for union and the other for disunion fords and a stone bridge within the next morning General Pope found his his to other cause countenance is a political the actual limits of the battle territory all of forces so worn out that he ordered a expression which were conspicuous In the moveretreat ments of the opposing forces A numGeneral Lee commanded the Cont f I-f ber of houses are yet standing which federate forces In person at the J ( jt ' bear marks of battle there-Iand the old second battle of Bull Run itone building which was used as a some of the best known ' generals are there and many in likewise were hospital Union the ZzT army trees In dense pine woods engaged A number of prominent where the Confederate sharpshooters officers on both sides were killed '? were posted Most Interesting of all during the Bull Run campaign and It V however Is the position where stood Gen Thomas J Jackson when be received nickname of his Immortal "Stonewall” It was Gen B E Bee who appealing to bis men to resist the Union charge pointed to Jackson and cried out: "Look! There stands Jackson like a stone wall” " The second battle of Bull Run which took place In the latter part of 1862 may be 'similarly folAugust lowed with ease along the course of Bull Run creek In so far as concerns the furious fight which marked the climax of the campaign but If the visitor wishes to visit the scenes of of which the the exciting campaign second battle was the climax he will need to traverse an area of many square miles and Include visits to Centerville which was a bitterly contested point and to Thoroughfare Gap the picturesque cleft In the mountains through which poured Longstreet’s corps of Confederates reinforcing the Jackson and for the second time on this field turning defeat Into victory for the forces opG T Beauregard posed to the Union Major General John Pope was then Is at the proposed to erect monuments In command of the Federal Army of where these warriors fell spots The Henry House and the First Monument deand In his published Virginia A dramatic result of this battle waa of laid the he has battle scription of General Porter showed apprehension of evil but men fact on the battlefield In the face of most of the blame for the defeat of the on charges made by General Pope On cannon and musket was that the Fedwere confident and jovial generally the 10th of January 1863 Porter was "The presence of senators con- eral troops came as invaders and the found guilty of having disobeyed three gressmen and other civilians upon JJie southern troops stood as defenders of of Pope’s orders and the sentence was field on the 21st gave rise to extravatheir homes and further than this we that he be cashiered and be forever The armies were vastly gant and absurd Btories in which al- need not go from holding any office disqualified leged forethought and valor among greater than had ever before fought larunder the government During the this and on were the them are contrasted with a lack of continent next 15 years Porter continually apthese qualities In the ' troops The gest volunteer armies ever assembled in the light of plied for a since the era of regular armies The plain truth Is that the evidence discovered or not newly and their vehicles merely In- personal material on both sides was available at the time of his trial In of exceptionally good character and creased the confusion and demoraliza1878 President to of tion of the retreat” Hayes appointed a that any collectively superior board to examine the new evidence Several days were consumed in subsequent period of the war The of Its findings and the conclusion army was filled with the preliminary skirmishes during Confederate read: "What General Porter actually which time the Confederates were re- generous youths who had answered now seems to have did do inforced by 6000 men under Gen Jo- the first call to arms For certain the as not been kinds of field only were simple necessary action duty they seph E Johnston whom the Federals which an Intelligent soldier had no yet adapted many of them having at supposed to have been safely "bottled choice but to take It la not possible first come with their baggage and up” at Winchester In the Shenandoah could have that any On that hot Sunday after- servants they ‘had come to fight and valley such conduct if It had condemned noon when the clash of arms finally not' to handle the pick and shovel' been correctly understood s On the their came It looked for a time as though and their fighting well redeemed obedient was contrary that conduct as lntrenchers” the expected Union victory was a cershortcomings It subordinate faithful and judicious The battle was noteworthy for the tainty but just at the juncture when saved the Union army from disaster the outlook was darkest for the Connumber of participants whose names t on the 29th of August” associfederates Gen Kirby Smith arrived were afterward prominently In Arthur President Accordingly with 4000 fresh troops and defeat for ated with the war On the Confeder1882 relieved General Porter from the the Confederates was turned Into vic- ate side besides Generals Johnston to hold ofcontinuing disqualification and Beauregard were Gens Stonewall tory while the retreat of the Federals Irvin McDowell fice and In July 1886 President Cleve was turned into a wild rout In which Jackson Ewell J Early Longstreet land approved an act of congress by Wade the Union forces on Major General Smith troops and spectators joined In a mad E B Stuart Kirby once more was commls which Porter the who commanded Porter Hampton Fltzhugh Lee Thomas Jorstruggle to get back to Washington Fifth corps Had Porter done his sioned as colonel of Infantry In the to Pope he would following August he was placed on a according duty have prevented Longstreet from the retired list If a national park is created at Bull on Jackson's forming right until he had dislodged Porter which would Run it will probably be placed under of the commissioner! him too long to have the jurisdiction have occupied permitted the advance which he sub- of the Fredericksburg and adjacent An important Incidental sequently made against the Federal battlefields had de- feature of the project is the plan foi left But the Confederates liberately given Porter a falije im- a great boulevard from Manassas tc the national v capital possibly along r" pression of the forces in front of him General Pope the line of that highway which vai and he remained Idle j the scene of such picturesque happensays: "If a mere Impression that the en- ings half a century ago This proposed together with emy Is In heavy force and that an at- highway tack or further advance might be on the battlefield such as has been 7 hazardous is a sufficient reason for a done at Gettysburg would render II I to keep out of a possible for future generations to corps commander battle raging in his hearing especial- spect and study this historic field satV ly when he thinks his friends are be- isfactorily something that is difficult with the pres to say Impossible ing defeated It Is extremely difficult not WWi ent wretched condition of many of th to see how any corps commander would venture to engage In battle at roads Road building would be faciliall unless he could ascertain in ad- tated by surveys of this whole field by made within the past few years vance and keep himself acquainted during the day with the Impression of members of the United States army his corps commanders about the pro- engineer cerps priety of going Into the battle Auto Sensitiveness When the battle ceased on the 29th are without automobiles of Although of August we were In possession the field on our right and occupied on flesh and blood they have individual They fret in the hands of a held early in ity k our left the position or reckless driver and Jog the day and had every right to claim nervous a decided success What that success along good naturedly when a thoughtmight have been If a corps of 12000 ful kindly hand is at the wheel man “The that Is forever clucking men who had not been In battle that to his horse jerking nervously on the day had been thrown against Long street’s right while engaged In the reins and shaking the whip In Its severe fight that afternoon I need socket or snapping it on the animal'i flanks is the same kind of man that To say that General not Indicate Soldiers' Monument at Alexandria nonaction Porter’s during this whole distresses an automobile” said an ex "Machines driver The Confederates lost nearly 2000 dan R E Rodes E P Alexander and day was wholly unexpected are senand disap- perienced A careless On the Federal side were pointing others w men while the Union loss including and that It provoked severe sitive like horses the prisoners taken totaled nearly Gens 'McDowell W T Sherman comment on all hands is to Btate the nervous driver will work a horse IntC HowBurnside Hunter Helntzelman The sami 3000 a sweat In half an hour facts mildly" ” Hunt Slocum will a ard Franklin man car 'all het up’ get General When General wrote concernMcDowell Keyes reached Longstreet Wads- ing this: Fairfax Court House in the night he Barry Fry Sykes Barnard worth and others was In communication ‘Had Porter attacked me between Practical with Washingvisitor Bull should Run I to ton and exchanged new The 29th on noon "Has present-dathat and Uh the play of yours a hap night telegrams In one of which the battlefield may trace accurately and have received his 9000 with about py ending?” General Scott The re“How can I trll” replied the manold hero said: "We are not discourthe ebb and flow of that double that number graphically balance up my hocia rt opening conflict If he but follow the sult would have been Porter’s retreat ager “until aged" but that dispatch did not in confusion and I might posBlbly the nd of tin staaon ?' the gloom in which it was received steep and rocky banks of Bull flun Mtiih i Bull Run Battlefield ae It Is Today FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF FIRST REAL BATTLE OF THE CIVIL WAR Soldiers of the Union and Confederate Armies Who Fought at Bull Run Half a Century Ago Are to Meet Again on That Famous J The present summer will see the of a long list of beginning of the notable battles of our great Civil war which will extend over the coming live years and will serve to keep the public constantly and vividly reminded of the stirring events of the greatest civil war In all history The first of these anniversaries will be that of the Dattle of Bull itun or Manassas as it was called the first notable by the Confederates conflict of the war between the north and the south Bull Run battlefield fifty years after Is surprisingly little changed from wbat It was in the exciting days of ‘61 and will be made the scene of what will doubtless prove the first of a long series of reunions of the blue and the gray on the fields where these men met In deadly combat half a century ago In arranging for these gatherings Field only monuments on the field although the scene of the two battles of Bull Run la not replete with markers and as are the field of Gettys memorials burg and other scenes of decisive strife During the past few years however a number of tributes In marble and bronze have been erected Indicating the positions and memorial-lzinthe services of regiments that took part One circumstance that aside from this year's anniversary Is urging lm mediate action In the project for a national park at Bull Run Is found In the present opportunity to buy at a moderate price the famous "Henry farm the scene of the fiercest fighting In both battles The Henry farm contains 128 acres and beside the Henry house stands one of the monuments above mentioned a pile of stone some twenty feet high which marks the h a i I f Surveying at H- v y Bull Run Battlefield will be Inaugurated at Bull Run the leaders among the survivors of the Union and Confederate armies are following In a measure the old once every Mosaio custom whereby fifty years all members of a community met and wiped out tbelr debts and grievances It is planned to Bull Run make the Inaugural event battlefield a genuine "love feast” Adwill be made dresses by leaders on both sides there will be memorial exercises at the monuments on the field and the "boys of ’61” will again march up and down the red Virginia roads as they did on that memorable July day five decades ago when they were the actors In the combat that the country to the grim awakened of the Impending conflict seriousness for a united nation It is expected that ene Important outcome of this return of the legions to the old fighting ground will be In the definite progress project to convert Bull Run battlefield into a national park It ought to have been done years ago as was done with and certain other Civil Gettysburg most of which have war battlefields less significance than this sweep of country under the shadow of the Bull Run mountains —one of the few fields tn the United States which has been the scene of two important battles Yet another reason why Bull Run battlefield Is especially worthy of the care of our national govfostering ernment Is that it contains two monuments erected by troops before the close of the war— the first monuments to the memory of the men erected who died In that great conflict Fortunately as has been said the historic battlefield Is little changed so that the nation will lose little by Its neglect in not acquiring this field It is something of a relong ago proach that the two monuments above mentioned — erected in 1865 by the of Gamble’s brigade — should soldiers 'have been allowed to stand all these years on private land but luckily they are In an excellent state of preservation which Is all the more reIn vletf of the fact that markable rudely constructed of rough hewn atone found in the neighborThese are by no means the hood which spot where the Unionists as undisrecruits defending the capciplined ital thirty miles away met their first thlteen months defeat and where later under Sykes and Reynolds and Reno they stood against the triumphing legions of Longstreet and Lee One thing that R Is hoped national jurisdiction may do for Bull Run battlefield Is to render the field more acand to make It possible to cessible At present tour it In greater comfort no railroad extends to the scene of the two battles The tourist leaves the train at the little city of Afanassas and drives some half a dozen miles over roads that are nothing to brag of In the most favorable weather Arrived on the battlefield he finds the when roads no better and mud with choked the notorious formed from sticky Virginia clay to travel by buggy much less by autowhich mobile Yet It is a battlefield aside from its purely historic Interest affords a liberal education In strategic value as attested by the fact that details of United States army officers are sent each year to make a study of the battlefield as a part of their military education who The Federals and Confederates march shoulder to shoulder over the hill and dale of this rolling country this July will not attempt to traverse more than a fraction of the battlefield In their reunion parade To cover It all would tax the strength of young men for Bull Run Is a mighty big battlefield It keeps a sightseer hurrying to get even a general Idea of It in a tour (which Is all the time the average visitor can spare w hen making a “side trip” from Washwhen and the ington) of of the Grand Army the Revisited Bull Run he public recently spent three days going over the stage of the momentous war drama and following the movements of both armies in both battles The first battle of Bull Run was the result of the "On to Richmond” clamor which arose throughout the north and which virtually forced the authorities at Washington to make some move The advance of the Union Generals army of 30000 men under McDowell Hunter lleintzel- Tyler jrJi nv4)f v tek' t ih & o fe’Wf t |