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Show 6F Sunday, October 6, 1985 Tbe Salt Lake Tribupe, Your Changing World Automation Creates More Jobs Than It Takes Away whatever would get paid for it This way everyone would have adequate income even if there werent enough jobs to go around Other scholars say our economy may eventually become so produc-t'v- e that people will be required to consume things Imagine getting 10 days in jail for not buying a new car Or six months for failing to k take a holiday on the Ri- By Edward Cornish The Sacramento Bee and Edward Corn ish award an 800XL computer, courtesy of Atari, to Patricia Liteky, Sacramento, Calif , for her question Q Will there be an employment crisis due to automation? A Judging by my mail, millions of Americans now harbor a secret fear that they will be automated out of their jobs Computers, rates of percent or more The growth in world unemployment probably is more the result of the huge surge of young people into the job market and innumerable government regulations that hamper the creation of new jobs and the free movement of workers into those jobs Certain workers may lose out, at least temporarily, as their jobs are automated These are usually workers who have a skill that has been highly compensated, but is no lorger needed Here s an actual example In 1978 the owner of two small New York trade newspapers decided he could reduce his expenses significantly if he automated his composing room In his newly automated plant the typesetting workforce dropped from 61 to three Two Columbia University researchers, Bruce Gilchrist and Shenkin, tracked what happened to 44 of the displaced workers Most had suffered terri two-wee- viera' Automation may cost some people their jobs, but ultimately it seems to create more jobs than it destroys The assembly line made it possible to produce more cars with fewer workers, but it did not destroy jobs Instead it created them Because cars became cheaper, more people could buy them Jobs sprouted like crazy in Detroit when the assembly lines were introduced robots and other new technologies are making it possible to produce the same quantity of goods with fewer people At least since the 1960s some scholars have worried tnat jobs would become so scarce they would have to be rationed Sociologist David Macarov, a specialist in unemployment, re- cently suggested that people should be paid for doing whatever they want to do People who like ballet dancing would earn a salary even though nobody paid to watch the ballet People who like to play or tiddlywinks or basketball U.S. typically have unemployment Today the leading nations in robotics Japan and the United States have low unemployment relative to most other countries Nations with the least automation 30 Ar-laa- to work skills and in many different environments Moonlighting and hobbies can help, too The moonlighter learns new skills, establishes new contacts and often can turn his moonlight job into a sunlight job Many hobbies carpentry and sewing, can provide emfor example ployment when necessary And let me offer this radical" proposal Compulsory education for adults Long ago society decided it could not afford to allow children to grow up not knowing how to read, write or do arithmetic So schooling became compulsory for young people Today our society is changing so rapidly that people of all ages must keep learning or be left behind Paid time off to brush up on ones skills and learn new ones could save a lot of people the agony of technological unemployment It would also give a lot of people a chance to move into careers they would like much better than what they are doing now bly They could not find jobs that paid anywhere near as much as their previous typesetting jobs One obstacle was that other employers were also laying off type- setters, the skill required for the old equipment was no longer need ed Low-paitypists were able to handle the new automated machines The displaced workers tried to cope They took menial jobs Their wives went to work But many simply could not put their lives back together There may not be an easy way to introduce automation without disrupting some workers lives And lets not forget that the pace of technological change has speeded up, and more people may find themselves facing unemployment when their companies automate Retraining programs, career counseling, financial compensation and other tactics can help Ideally people should work at a variety of jobs, starting at a very young age, so they will acquire the d (Copyright Sun Features Inc C f" Question on Future Earns a Computer Marjorie Young, a registered nurse from Woods Cross, became the sixth Salt Lake Tribune winner to receive a computer courtesy of Atari, The Tribune, when her question, What method of burial will be generally used in the future? 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