| Show EMPIRE EDITION 8 f "W THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE Sunday January 18 1948 SECTION n ip V 1 " " - ' " - - o" - i- - tz:y iCtf ' — v -- r tfS-- tax W M1 5-CN ff ' ' 1 a 5s " ) f C5 :" l - Sr "if 5 Major ttep In metal processing is taken as Ing a flow of molten ore which has been workers tap a rererbatory furnace releas- through application of Intense heat liq-quefi- ed Mammoth milling operations center in the west In the foreground is the Magna milL Corp ore-produci- taettlfrirgic Industry naturally s an to mining- in the wet and today the largest concentrating and amelt-in- g center in the world ia located la Utah The milia In the state ad-fsm- ct inter-mounta- in procea an averag-- of 23000-O0- 0 ton of ore annually from Utah mines plua additional thouaanda of ton hipped here from mine In all part of the wet Here plant of the United States Smelting and Refining Co operate at Midvale American Smelting- and Refining Co at Murray and Garfield International Smelting- and Refining Co at Tooele Combined Metal Reduction Co at Bauer Kenne-co- tt Copper Corp at Magna and Arthur Ohio Copper Co at Lark Silver King Coalition Mine Co at Park City and Pacific Bridge Co at Park City In Idaho the Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentrating Co operate a lead amelter and refinery antimony and cadmium plant flotation mill tailing treatment and zinc plants at Bradley The Sullivan Mining Co operate an slag-fumi- ng electrolytic nnc plant near the Bradley Mining Bradley Co operate a flotation mill at Stibnite and the I ma mill at Patterson handles tungsten and ailver-copper-lead-lr- on tra tea con cen- The mill recently wm destroyed by fire and explosion lead-zin- c flotation a lead concen- In Nevada Combined Metal Reduction Co operates a selective flotation mill at Pioche and Kennecott Copper Corp operate the tate' only copper amelter at McGill KILE mininz and meltina- naturally go together custom smelting now is an Industry separate and distinct from mining and bring the benefit of large-scal- e operation to prospector and producers large and emalL They have tretcheci and expander the mineral resources of the area manv t'me-- i wmr through advancing the science of metallurgy Ahryugu evolved over proved processe the years they have virtually revolutionized mining generally by permitting the producer to mine ore once regarded a worthless Research department at all plant work continuously seeking better way to biend the different types of ores from many mines into smelting charges best adaptable to the producer Geological department assist Independent operators with and geological details mapping Often themselves assist smelters smaller operators by advancing capital for equipment or de-- velopment work Smelting began to take form a-- an industry back in the lS80's when demonetization of silver made its effect felt and miners turned to lead and other base metals One of the first complete metallurgical plant in the the old Germ an ia country amelter erected in the early 1590'a contained smelting and refining department devoted to processing lead Copper waa shunned in those day like zinc and waa lost to the slag dump Development of the copper blast furnace came In this period and large scale reverba-tor- y operations got under way with the increasing amount of concentrates and the decreasing amount of crude ore that required smelting Baf houses for catching of lead fume and flue dust made their ppearance early in the century ' Eenne-co- tt which process Bingham copper Concentrating and Smelting Centers in the West THE and next Arthur mill of A brimming cud of metal about to be ooursd Info east for shipment to a refinery for the final separation process and roasting development progressed from hand operation to mechanically rabbled furnaeea and rotating furnaces These gave way to the modern multiple hearth rotating arm type and the sintering process was replaced by the reverbatory furnace It was not long however until at Bingham developments brought erection of a 'copper smelter to handle output of the old HighlandBoy mine A few years later when Utah copper development began that company supplied ore to ix different smelter before the concentrators at Magna and Arthur and the smelter at Garfield were constructed 1 HE process of milling the low grade sulphide ores from which the area' gold silver lead and zinc are claimed is a highly technical operation calling for skill and precision Crude ore is first fed Into a giant crusner followed by ball mills at the flotation plant Here steel balls about the size of the ordinary aoft ball pulverize the ore in a series of swift revolutions Water is added as the ore is crushed to a fineness that will permit much of the feed to pass through a wire screen having 40000 openings to the square Inch This mill feed goes next to the flotation cells where chemicals oils and air are added and agitators churn up a froth The metal particles in the finely ground ore adhere to the chemical and oih froth and are "floated to the top of the cell The waste material sinks to the bottom and is discharged Flotation ia the reverse of gravity as the heavier metals are carried to the surface and the lighter rock sinks to the bottom A miner's wife washing her husband's work clothes - found mineral particles in the clothing were picked up by the soap froth in the agitation of washing and floated to the surface of the Final step in the long process of separating waste from metal involves Blister copper is poured into slabs of S3 per cent pure metal end soon will be fabricated into various materials vital to many Industries removing the dross from the molten lead in this smelter operation tub From this legend has it silver there is in the charge The metals now are ready for ing to produce a porous prodshafts and tunnels going evef evolved the present process uct low in surphur content The metallic lead is drawn off the market and the product Into the earth the coef deeper In the process of selective for the blast furnace This the bottom of the furnace and left the mine as tons of ore that of the low grade ©re processing c ia fed into the furnace with coke cast into slabs called lead bulflotation a lead concen has been turned into a few mounts with each foot of undeij trate is made first then by a and fluxes and the entire furlion due to their content of gold pound or ounces of vital and ground operation nace charge ia liquefied by the similar process and the addition and silver These are next precious metals As the first concern of thf of other reagents the zinc in to intense heat a lead where shipped is the life of the min refinery operator The lead becomes molten the lead circuit tailings is floated the bullion is refined to produce attention must he first determines costs weigh! PARTICULAR a concentrate is zinc to the away and along with the rest of the furcommercially pure lead gold and them in the light of metal pricef nace charge but being heavier created The gold and silver in silver then balances his production tj Electrolytic and retart grade and character of the ore j j lead-zin- the ore remain largely with the lead concentrate The froth becomes the concentrate and bubbles over the top of the flotation cell and is carried off in a trough to large thickener tanks followed by vacuum filters where the excess water and chemicals are removed The lead concentrate is then shipped to a lead smelter while the zinc concentrate is shipped direct to a zinc refinery The lead concentrate contains than the other materials trickles to the bottom of the furnace collecting whatever gold and zinc plants reduce the zinc concentrate into its chemically pure state Many operators being mined find it necessary to set up their own assay laboratories With take in all the low grade orf Only then -doe- pre possible I duction start '' Eim M EoumS msm r-- r wb&m H about 60 to 70 per cent lead The zinc concentrate will run At the 5 to 60 per cent zinc smelter heat is applied and the waste removed Lead concentrate from the flotation mill is usually mixed with direct smelting ores to pf" create a suitable smelting charge First the ores and concentrates are roasted by sinter t— ''HJasj OH SI Of' OU1 J La L-- J TXTT J EJ r ' 3 LzJ " tiljW t ETr3 C- -J To3 W1 rJrr-- r -r- -l T? 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