| Show 8 BALT TTTT: T7ATTR TRIBUNE RIJN DAT MORXTNCf APRIL ID 1932' How Radio Now Makes S urgery Antisept ic an d Bloodl ess Power From Sewer Gas At llie KiftTit In Shown a Fro Whose l Wm Paralyzed b die Appluution of Short Waves Paamtif 'llirougli the Left bide of the Spinal (oluinn ami a I’art of tlie Drain Below the Powerful Omllulnr L’sed in Condmt-in- g tlie Experiments in Radio Surgery Vx t t water-jacketin- ir &Y v Posture of Q Chicken Whose Brain Was Subjected to y The Radiation Fowl Acted Like a Brainleaa Creature Deairing INo Food and Remaining in a Squatted I’oMion W Wades Replace Ultra-Sho- rt the Scalpel and Skilfully Sever Living Tissues Leaving Incisions That Are Sterile plied to the tissue by direct electrodes and this contact iADIO science has developed a new instrument for the conquest of human ills in surgery which has opened a new field for the modem physician of Thus by the Intelligent surand trained physicists medically geons with some understanding of physics it will be possible to attac k the problem of incurable diseases from an entirely new angle in a serious and sciy entific way surgery has Today saved the lives and health of thousands of persons It makes possible operations which were heretofore not within the skill of the surgeon It also simplifies and adds to the safetyof difficult Plastic surgery (beauty-surgeroperations has been simplified and made less expensive by these methods and in addition a new chance is given for the treatment of diseases heretofore considered as incurable ones the ‘radio "Today electro-cuttinknife’ has passed the state of trial and investigation and has become a valuable tool in the hnnd of the trained physician’’ says Irving Saxl Fh D m Radio News "The electro - physician needs in addition to his medical tiain-in- g an understanding about the underlying basic facts of g y operation "We know already the fact that a field traversing the body produces heat in the body This is used for instance in the diathermy where a current is ap y current tra- verses the body direttly and produces heat within this body along its path This is the new ‘radio fever’ which is now used to kill off certain get ins "The disadvantages of the surgical knife led to the search of other techtoniques in the field of surgery Thuselecwards the end of the last century tricity in general and the technique In particular have been recognized as excellent for the improvement of surgical technique’’ In the year 1899 shortly after the introduction of Nicolo Tesla's currents in therapy it was first recognized that a small arc was able to cut through living tissue if the number of spaiks of the inductor was high enough and'the electrode fastened to the tissue was sufficiently small Thus fiom the beginning there were two methods which have been kept in use a third method having been added in this year The first method is the method of electrocoagulation and Tissues are eventually carbonization burned olT and coagulated by small This methoa has proved valsparks uable in the destruction of warts with the electric needle moles gynecological operations etc In the second method cutting diath“radio knife’’ is ermy the used The third method the concentration fields within the of ultra short-wav- e body still in its state of development gives hope of unusual achievements All these methods theoretically speaking have in common the fact that a minute almost microscopic arc is is the normal speed of and how does emotion affect it? Emotional associations with the stimulus word may vary the time greHt-l- y A psychologists have discovered "reaction time apparatus" which measures the split seconds that elapse between the time of response is being used to record the speed of thought of subjects in the psychology laboratoiy of the University of Southern California The experiments are performed classes by Dr Milton Metfessel chairman of the department of psychology and his research assistants Donald Gaskill and Harry Mus-grain psychology In testing the speed of thought by this apparatus the demonstrator as he presses a telegraph key which is part of the set-u- p utters a word to which the subject responds verbally into a voice key which somewhat resembles in appearance a radio This verbal response The Reart Ion Time Apparatus Used to Measur the Split Seconds lapsing Between the Time a Mental Stimulus Is Received and the Time of Response for eeks produced by concentrating the power lines generated by a oscillator upon a very small surface of the tissue Thus the tissue is separated at the place where the small electrode touches (actually a very small distance in front of the electric needle) and by moving the cutting electrode a bloodless separation of the tissue is made possible By this means the sharp knife of the surgeon becomes an electric knife of different form almost without a cutting edge The advantage m respect to practical medicine lies not only in the fact that the tissue is separated with a knife which sterilizes itself automatically (an arc which separates biological tissue naturally kills any bacteria adhering at the same time) but that minor and medium bleeders are scaled off immeBy the great heat dissipation diately of the cutting electrode the liberated blood coagulates immediately building a scarf which interferes with further bleeding This scarf being built of the same material as the tissue it is in naturally is absorbed quicker than the catgut ordinarily used Typical forms of the effect of the application of short waves by condenser method are illustrated on living A frog and a chicken are animals shown which have been both subjected to short waves Parts of the spinal cord of the frog and the brain of the chicken have been placed within the condenser field With the frog the electrodes were applied to the side of the head and the How the Speed of Thoughts WHAT gas never popular today finds itself in high favor at the joint sewage-disposplant in Plainfield New Jersey where its heating power which is claimed to be 50 per cent greater than that of manufactured gas has been harnessed and put to useful purposes by means of a safety collective device developed by tlie supervising engineer John R Downs A very interesting development is that both the power and the heat can be recaptured from the same gas By g the exhaust and using the cooling water to heat the sludge or buildings 75 per cent of this waste heat can be recovered Power has also been developed from this gas one horsepower being available continuously from each 1000 persons connected to the sewer systqra or fifty horsepower at the Plainfied plant The organic matter or the solid portion of the sewage is destroyed and the remainder of the solids rendered innocuous by a digestion process This process is greatly accelerated by heat so that the time necessary to complete the process is cut down from five or six months to a period of from thirty te forty days The more heat that is supplied within certain limits the more gas is produced so that there is always an excess quantity of gas Part of the excess gas has now been piped into the office and laboratory building where it is burned In ths plant A visit to this building will rouse the envy of any householder An absolutely uniform temperature of seventy degrees can be maintained night and day without shoveling coal or removing SEWER ii f and a thin pencil of radiation was sent through the tissue with the aid of two small condenser electrodes In the path of such ray a part of the spinal cord of the Due to its chemical frog was laying and ’physiological characteristics the heat effect of the radio waves upon the spinal cord is an extensive one The ray of heat influenced the spinal cord in such a way that after an exposure for about ten minutes the entire left part of the frog was paralyzed! This partial paralyzation of the frog Is shown by the effect that one of its legs remained stretched out constantly and does not move upon Stimulation The entire right side of the frog was undamaged A similar electric operation of the nervous and brain centers was performed on a chicken resulting in a chronic deficiency of certain reactions spine - against the diaphragm of the key sets up vibrations which break the electrical circuit and registers on the revolving disk of a phonograph-typ- e chronoscope The chronoscope disk is scaled to a one of a second and just above it attached to the same axis is a metal arrow-lik- e marker The pointer is set at zero and the disk is started revolving As the telegraph key is pressed and simultaneously the stimulus word is spoken by the demonstrator to the subject the marker is drawn off the revolving disk by an electromagnet The subject's verbal response into the voice key causes the nftrker to drop back on the disk indicating as it does the amount of time m hundredths of a second which elapsed between the voicing of the stimulus word and the audible response To measure thousandths of a second the disk is simply speeded to ten times its ordinary speed The chronoscope can be placed upon a baloptican and results projected upon a screen for a class or group to see ashes Flowers of Hades7 The plants that are bom to STRANGE unseen because they grow under the ground have been appropriately called the ‘‘Flowers of Hades” These plants are the Dacty-lanthroots which grow in New Zealand They have more the appearance of a wood carving than a live plant This plant is found growing in many grotesque forms on the roots of trees Some of them resemble mush- - th harbingers of Spring are known as friendly but an English nobleman Viscount Grey of Fallodon seeks to end such an illusion by quoting an old couplet which saysi "The robin has a pleasant face His private life is a disgrace" The belief still lingers here and there that robins are unlucky A story is related tn London Answers how a robin flew Into a bedroom and perched on the rail of a bed The next day the lady of the house heard that her son hud been drowned The robin is certainly pugnacious especially during Autumn and Winter He “stakea out his claim" to one particular garden or part of a garden and his song is essentially a song of warnthe grass" notice to ing — a "Veep-of- f other robins who may be looking for a of their own stamping-grounUnsocial as robins may be during the rest of the year in the mating season they make admirable partners and paa-entworking early and late to feed their hungry broods — even if a little later on they will be lighting these same youngsters to decide whose gar- Dactylunlhu Roots or "Flowers of Hades” & v The Transparency of Air HE transparency of the air has within recent years become of a recognized importance which has given rise to methods of measuring it with scientific accuracy From all airports hourly reports of air transparency are now broadcast by radio They are called "visibility" reports These obviously are of great importance to aviators who in speaking of distances at which landmarks or other objects can be seen say that the "visibility" is good fair bad etc or that it is “one mile "five miles" etc Airway weather observers report no “visibility" if objects cannot be distinguished beyond an eighth of a mile On the other hand visibility is reported s "unlimited" if objects can be seen at a distance of ten miles Motors Automobiles d in of It U no Joke either providing for themselves and family A robin weighs about half an ounce and the ration he requlrea to keep fit is about three times So against the that amount of food robin's pugnacity and other bad habits must be placed his devotion to his family while lie is bringing them up dicAu Iao 1131 The degree of transparency of the air is of obvious importance to mar It is also of importance to iners watchers for forest fires who from stations on high mountain peaks Purwith field glasses a vast veying surrounding territory are ever on the lookout for smoke The air is never completely transparent because even on the clearest day it holds in suspension some mole-tur- e and more or less dust To make accurate measurementa of air transparency resort has recently been had to the expedient of anchoring at Bea a float carrying two sheets of canvas held vertically one white and the other black Observed at a senee of known distances from shore the visibility of the sheets gave the requisite data Automobile Wheels the future to carry their motors in their wheels according to some inventore who predict that such a scheme of "unit power" would lead to marked advantages in traction and ease of control One efficiency wheels for motor proposes steam-drive- n cars Another has designed a car using electric wheels An advantage of individual power wheels is seen by a Wichita Kans inventor who has designed a car with electric motors in the hubs This car he claims could crawl out of a parking space almost exaotlv its own length since the front wheels could turn side den It is UhiVh Resemble Wood Carvings in Grotesque Patterns I rtur g Measured Is ROBINS BUM steam-heatin- and revolve under their own He visions an automobile of power conventional appearance but with the gasoline engine coupled to a dynamo that will supply power to the wheel motors A working model of the steam wheel now runs in circles at the end of an eighteen-foo- t arm in the Chicago laboratory where it is being perfected As described in Popular Science Monthly it contains a six cylinder engine fed with steam through the hub and mounted to the wheel The latter would be lihked to proper Jhe axle of an automobile so that it could revolve freely ways |
