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Show THZ UETTAH BASEU FAEITEB 'Fertilizers Pay Well on Pastures ; i j Cows Carried Nine Days Longer During Season on Treated Soil. Permanent pastures that receive regular fertilizer treatments carry cows nine days longer during the season than do untreated pastures, according to a recent survey covering all the Important dairy sections of Wew Jersey, made by the agricultural experiment station In .frith the bureau of statistics and inspection of the state department of agriculture. It was found that while the fted units per day yielded by the treated and untreated pastures were alike, because of the longer season each acre of the fertilized pasture yielded 83, or 5.4 per cent, more feed units than did an acre of untreated pastures, Of the 264 pastures surveyed, which .were chiefly in Salem, Cumberland, purlin gton, Mercer, Hunterdon, Somer- set; Warren, and Sussex counties, only about 80 were receiving fairly definite cr regular fertilizer treatments, A study of 55 of the treated pastures compared with 32 untreated pastures on similar soils, showed that a number of the pastures more than one kind of treat-jxneThirty-thre- e of the treated pastures received lime; 21 commercial jfltrtSIxer, and 40 manure. The prin-i- cf pal commercial fertilizers used were superphosphate (add phosphate), bone meal, ammonium sulphate, and Medium nitrate. The survey showed further that .about 77 per cent of all farm land In ,Iiew Jersey Is occupied by permanent d as pastures; This is about ipuch as there is In all crops com--i Joined. The feed obtained from this permanent pasture land furnishes practically all the roughage and takes jfcka place of a small amount of In the dairy cows summer ration. con-aidera- ble re-icelv-ed nt. a calves ancT makes them easier to wean. hopeless future so far" as producing Grain can be fed most conveniently In future timber crop. placed inside a small pen or creep with openings large enough Pullet3 Should Now Be to admit the calves but too small for in Houses for Winter the cows to pass through. Pullets should be placed in the permanent winter quarters before they commence laying There should be plenty of ventilation in their building, but no direct drafts, and by no means should they be crowded. A crowded Feed for animals without intelligent house will cause endless trouble. A care is feed thrown away. building 16 by 20 will house from comninety to one hundred pullets and Com should be stored In three to fortably, allowing three floor can rats and mice where space one-haplaces, square feet of not get at it. for each. Cull out all weak, runty, slow maLate fall cutting of alfalfa Is like turing pullets. They will not pay for killing the goose that lays the golden their feed. Their eggs will be few and egg; The chances are that the field far between and they will be the early will be ruined. molters next summer. Utilize the apace and feed that they would need In preparation for the lambing sea- for profitable pullets. son small pens about four feet square, Whether pullets appear to be lousy or large enough for the ewe and her or not, they should be treated With young, should be made. sodium fluoride, powdered but not dipped. Simply put about six to ten When prices are high, it may pay Inches of the powder In the feathers to keep hens that lay only 100 eggs a next to the skin, being careful to year, but with the present prospects watch the tail feathers and fluff and of the egg market It la fofiy to expect each wing. such birds to show a profit. Supply plenty of mash In hoppers and give liberal feeds of scratch Production of fruits and vegetables In the evening. Variety Is imas a whole has more than trebled per grain portant. Green feed should be supplied capita In the past 20 years, and it takes in abundance. Oyster shell and charreal merchandising methods to get a coal are necessary. An occasional profit for the grower in the present moist mash is a factor In good manday. agement self-feede-rs I Farm Notes con-Icfjtra- tes lf Remember, a properly ventilated building la not a drafty place. It is a room where air changes go on frequently enough to keep the air as pure as it is outdoors and free from excessive moisture. Ground Alfalfa Hay Is Very Economical Feed A beef breeding herd on the com belt farms for the production of market cattle la a sound method of beef production and does away with the greater speculative element that goes 'with, the fattening of cattle when the feeders are purchased on the market. Farm Woodlots Yield $5.83 an Acre, Cash Guineas Eat Quantities of Bugs and Weed Seed From This Must Be Deducted Taxes and Interest We have had a small flock of guineas for years. The hens are great layers from March tm August, and produce an astonishing number of eggs, says a writer In the Farm Jour nL These must be removed from the nests before the birds think of sitting. Guineas are very prolific; a female will often lay a nestful of 30 eggs before she thinks of sitting on them. A (guinea egg is a little smaller than a good-size- d hen's egg. Guineas are hardier than hens and can take care of themselves pretty well from babyhood. The young birds, as soon as they weigh about three-fourtof a pound, make fine fries. The guinea fowls are great Insect waters. They travel far afield In an entirely different area from that chosen by the ordinary fowls. AH season these ramblers and their nnmer Ions progeny gorge themselves with Infract pests and weed seeds and great fcsaatitles of green food, all of which ? tip to give a fine yellow color to the K-Iof the egg. k Few owners, of farm woodlots have any Idea how much return they may expect from woodlands from grazing live stock, protected and from which only the ripe trees are harvested at regular intervals. But F. W. Dean, extension forester at Wooster, Ohio, recently met such an owner, who has protected hi3 wood3 and kept a record of the Income from them. This owner lives In Richland county and his woodland tract of 25 acres has paid him, during the past 24 years, a cash income of $5.83 per acre for the standing income. From this must be deducted Interest and taxes. In 1903, the bulk of the large timber was soldrom the land for $3,000. But there was left a large quantity of thrifty growing tulip poplar, white ash, white and red oak, sugar maple, basswood and chestnut. Since 1903 four crops of logs have been sold. Once in about every six years th1 owner has gone through the woods, selected a ripe tree here and there, and marketed the logs. He has reCalves Grain ceived in the 24 years, $,500 for the calves intended for baby timber sold, giving the annual return Suckling beef wlH begin eating grain when they of $5.83 per acre. lore four or five weeks old. ExperiEvery farm woods that Is now ence has shown that mixture of grazed can be converted Into a paycom and oats with bran added ing woodlot If fenced off, Dean says, spelled acme cases ruts chsan galas exthe but. la its present condition It faces a pa hs ! for xV X N N beenan in- creasing demand for the beans for seed purposes. As the acreage of soy beans increases, the demand for seed will diminish, but even then It will be profitable to grow them as a grain crop because they have a very high value as a supplement to the ordinary farm grains as has been demonstrated at a number of our experiment stations. I Agricultural Notes well-venti-lat- ed I ene-thir- crop" because tHere EasT reasonably I Alfalfa hay ground and fed in a mash makes a very economical feed for poultry. In tests carried on by the poultry department of South Dakota State college comparing ground alfalfa with middlings and bran as a protein feed in the same basal ration, the alfalfa gave the lowest feed cost per dozen eggs even at the high price paid for commercial ground alfalfa. If the alfalfa had been ground on the farm, it would have made a very low cost feed. Results obtained thus far indicate that the most desirable amount of alfalfa in the ration Res between 10 and 20 per cent A 20 per cent alfalfa meal mash gave a feed cost of 17.2 cents per dozen eggs. A 40 per cent mixture was unsatisfactory as egg production could not be maintained. CL D. Byrne, South Dakota Agricultural college. Bottled Sunshine Is Title Now Given Eggs Eggs have been called bottled sunshine because they contain vitamine D, the vitamine for which cod liver oil 1s gaining in new reputation. Because eggs produced under favorable conditions do contain this vitamine, the value of eggs as a food has risen. Miss Cora Cooke, poultry specialist of the extension division of the Minnesota College of Agriculture, says, however, that if hens are to store up sunshine, or the mysterious vitamine D, in their eggs, they must live under generally healthful conditions and must themselves spend much of the time In the sun. For this reason she suggests that poultry faisers see to It that their laying flocks have ample range and that such range should be kept sanitary at all times. Hens kept under such conditions do store up vitamine D, and do produce bottled sunshine. It doesnt cost any more to build a good looking building than the other kind. If good results are to be expected with the 1928 lamb crop, the bred' ewes must be handled properly. Sweet clover should be sown broadd seedbed at the-ratof 15 pounds of good seed per acre. cast on a e well-settle- Good, clean range will be of In recent years soy beans have been large extent as a grain $?oyn tq. little-valu- e in preventing disease trouble as long as the ground adjoining the house is dirty. Wherever cholera occurs it must that the disease has been, carried to the bogs in question because there Is no other way for It to reach the herd. Four or five weeks before lambing each ewe should have oue-bapound daily by weight of the following grain mixture: Corn, six parts; oats or bran, three parts, and linseed oil meal, one part. After lambing, the ration should be doubled. lf Corn belt farmers are confronted witfi the problem of utilizing the roughage produced ou the farms as well as the coru produced. There Is no more economical and desirable method of doing this than establishing a herd of breeding cows on the farm. 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