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Show the tthttAH BASIN FARMER, DUCHESNE COUNTY FARNI BUREAU C. F. VVAHLQUIST Vice-Pre- s., Pres., Myton, Utah Value of Plant Food Wasted Placed at $2,000,000,000. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) The value of plant food wasted in the erosion or washing away of soils on the farms of the United States is estimated most conservatively by scientists in the United States Department of Agriculture as in excess of $2,000,000,000 a year. This estimate is based on the value of the principal chemical constituents, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, as they are purchasable in the cheapest kinds of commerciad fertilizers and does not take into account the value of the soil as an agency for making use of these plant foods. This sum is about twenty times the value of all the plant food removed by growing crops. The real soil miner is not the one who grows crop after crop of the same kind without replacing plant food, but rather the one who allows his precious away, his land to stroyed, or the top by sheet erosion. Sec.-Trea- Cedarview, Utah ;vvwwwwvwmwawwawawwwvwuwvvvvw Great Yearly Loss by Soils Washing ARTHUR WISCOMBE THOMAS ROBERTS soil to be washed be gullied and desoil to be removed Some of the prac- tices responsible for this tremendous annual loss, immediate and to posterity, are unwise clearing of areas which should remain in forest, unwise breaking for cultivation or sloping fields subject to erosion, unwise cultivation of soils that erode easily, and failure to terrace lands that could be saved by intelligent management. Radishes and lettuce may be planted the first warm days of spring; peas and onions may do better to wait until the weather is more settled. Dont plant all your carrots or beets at one time, but make several sowings of each, a couple weeks apart. Theyre so much nicer when young and tender. Soy beans are now grown in a wide variety and a seed house of recognized standing should be consulted as to the adaptability of any variety for the section where it U desired to grow this legume. ir may be reduced by holding the spray, er close to the eats, by working from d Oats " - On a rocky farm on the Hudson 53 miles north of New York city, the pure-breJersey d cow Fon Owlet has completed an official production test which makes her the world champion Jersey in the junior class. Fon Owlet (shown in the photograph) is owned and was tested by E. J. Cornish, a New York business man who has been very successful In breeding high producing registered Jerseys. Air. Cornish started Fon Owlet on test when she was two years and three i months of age and in the following days she produced G5G0S pounds butterfat and 12.S74 pounds of j of jpiilk. If she calves within 14 mouths previous freshening she will qualify 305-da- y two-year-o- ld ) !f T for a gold medal offered by the American Jersey Cattle club, New York. This great producer lias a very rich Her grandsire is Ferus the bull that was grand champiou at the National Dairy show for three years In succession. r Fon Eloise, a to Owlet, Is the champion of New York In the senior class. Other full sisters and half sisters have all made remarkable showings. When Mr. Cornish was starting fils herd a few years ago he purchased some very good cows for foundation stock, and the wisdom of his selection is borne out by the large number of splendid production records made In his herd. pedigree. Wexford Noble, half-siste- 305-da- y two-year-o- ld Pick a LUSTY BULL For Profit They are builders of Beef R. S. LUSTY & SONS, Ereefers cf Pen well-venf- i. Annual Injury by Smut Can Be Prevented by Using Solution. Large (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) The large annual losses in oat alyields due to smut disease can be most wholly prevented simply by dipseed ping, spraying or sprinkling the short a solution with a formaldehyde time before sowing, says the United States Department of Agriculture. The importance of smut in oats is quite generally overlooked because its effect is inconspicuous at harvest time and the market value of the threshed grain is usually not Impaired. During the past ten years for which records are available oat smuts have taken estimated annual tolls ranging from 29,000,000 to bushelsand an estimated avloss amounting to annual erage Plan to Remove Grubs From Backs of Cattle Use of Formaldehyde. One pint of formaldehyde, which may he readily obtained at any drug store, is sufficient to treat 50 bushels of seed oats. Several methods of applying the solution are effective, and the one to use is only a matter of preference. For the spray method, mix 1 pint of formaldehyde with 1 pint of water and pour into a quart sprayer. If fewer than 50 bushels are to be treated, use a correspondingly smaller quantity of the solution. Shovel the oats from one pile to another spraying each shovelful. A of seed requires about four strokes of the piston of the spray gun. After the oats are sprayed, shovel them into a pile nd cover with blankets or sacks that have been thoroughly sprayed to kill smut spores. The pile should remain covered at least five hours, and may be left covered overnight. Treatment may be given at any time previous to sowing, but when seeding is delayed the oats should be spread out and aired for a day before storing. To treat 50 bushels by the sprinkle method add one pint of formaldehyde to 40 gallons of water and apply with a sprinkling can while the oats are being shoveled from one pile to another. Cover in the same way and leave at least two hours or overnight On removing the cover sow Immediately, making allowance for the swollen condition of the seed when setting the drill. If sowing Is delayed, the treated seed should be spread out and thoroughly dried. Another method consists In putting the seed Into loosely woven burlap or gunny sacks and dipping the sacked grain into a solution of one pint formaldehyde In 40 gallons of water. Dip the sacks of grain into the solution two or three times, or until the is thoroughly wet Remove fromgrain the solution and let drain at least two hours or overnight Then sow Immediately or spread out to dry. Vapor Is Irritating. Formaldehyde vapor Irritates the eyes,jiose and throat These effects scoop-shovelf- river at Cold Spring, the windward side of the treated pile, and by doing the work in a lated place. After using the sprinkle and dip methods, care should be taken to avoid freezing or heating of wet seed. In all methods, avoid contaminating the treated seed. All bags, sacks, blankets, and even the drill, should be wet with the solution to kill any spores present Surplus seed treated with formaldehyde may be fed to live stock without injury, provided the grain ha3 been spread out first and thoroughly dried for several days. to Avoid Losses bushels. New York Cow Sets New Record Duchescs, Utah Ejred Hereford Cfettla Ecosevelt, Utah s., ul The best way to remove grubs from the backs of cattle is to apply pressure with the thumb and forefingei to the lumps or swellings where the grubs are growing. They may be more easily removed by inserting a sharp pen knife into the opening where the grub is about to escape. Care must be taken that all the grubs are killed as soon as they are forced out. These grubs chance .nto flies later In the season which lay eggs from which the next years crop of grubs develop. Cattle should be examined every two weeks to destroy all grubs as fast as they develop to maturity. Sunlight in Brooder It is essential for successful brooding to arrange the windows so they open in such a way as to permit direct sunlight on the chicks. To accomplish this, the upper sash Is hung at the top to open up and the lower sash can either swing open to the side or be set in place and held with buttons. Direct sunlight prevents rickets, or leg weakness. The outside of the windows should be covered h with mesh poultry netting. one-inc- Shelter for Geese Geese do not need much of a house. A dry shelter in stormy weather to sleep in is all that is necessary. Even then It will probably be difficult to make them use this house unless their feed 13 given thei. Geese may be fed very cheaply during the season ; a little whole corn and mashes of waste vegetables, potatoes, turnips, cooked with a little bran and corn meal. This Is a cheap teed, and is highly relished. HH h-i- 1 1 1 M-- mum Agricultural Squibs - 11111 hi m 111 m m i- -h Plant more carrots, beets and swIss chard for greens. Save the pea vines this year to turn under as fertilizer this fall. Try a new sweet corn this year. There Is a long list from which to choose. Start a compost heap this spring with the spring raklngs. It Is the cheapest and best fertilizer possible- - |