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Show THE PAYSONIAN, PAYSON, UTAn. DECEMBER PAGE ELEVEN 10, 1920. HISTORIC VOYAGE OF THE PILGRIM FATHERS RECOUNTED In the Name of God, Amen, Meaning of the Mayflower: Bv LEVI EDGAR YOUNG, Head of the Department History, University of Western of Utah. September 6, 162U, the fathers left the little town Plymouth in England tor After ni ie the new world. weeks on the ocean they reached America, and landed on the bleak New England coast, where they built the little town of Plymouth, a few The party miles south of Boston. numbered 102 people, besides eighty seamen who manned the little vessel. The Pilgrim Fathers were of the com. man folk of England, and socially trwfrMJcy. jjiHigniSS'uxV They in their little for conventionality worship; they disliked ritual and ceremonies, and cultivated a love for the Bible and its teachings as no other people had up to their time. the They had a great regard for was and parenthood family life, They looked upon as very sacred, childgave strange names to their ren, such as Love, Hope, Wrestling, Their obj. ct Confidence and Faith. in coming to the new world was to find land and build their homes, where God they might be free to worship as they pleased, and bring up their children in the paths of virtue, The of God. the fenr rectitude and that Fathers represented Pilgrim class or people which the world has always had in the midst of the mass es the class that thinks high thoughts and develops spirituality, but lives plainly, with no desire for wealth, e they were, says one hisbut destined to exert an torian, influence upon the worlds history out of all proportion to their number America looks back to and rank. them, not as the only founders of the nation, but as tho men whose ideals and moral standards have been proved the fittest to survive, and are dominant still in the common and in law1, and in tho constitution, the general conscience of the people. IN X V ?! llu-abl- Their Old Home in England. - In the sixteenth century the fathers of the men and w'omcn w ho sailed on the Mayflower were quietly living in the countries of Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire in eastern England, when there came into their little secluded villages the most important of these was Scrooby itinerant teach ers who talked about a new translation of the holy scriptures by John Wycliffe. The people became interested, and a few copies of the WyciitTe The art ot Bible were purchased. in the invented been had printing little townof Mentz, in Germany, and the first printing press had Is. sued many copies of the new translation of the scriptures. These simple folk also read that Wycliffe had said: The sacred scriptures are the property of the people, and one which no one should be allowed to Christ and his wrest from them. the world by makconverted apostles ing known the scriptures to men In a form familiar to them, and I pray with all my heart that through doing the things contained in this book, we may altogether come to the everlasting life. century a During this sixteenth new spirit of reform was making itself felt all over England. It wan called Puritanism and was greatly the religious ideals of thousi changing ands of people who came to oppose not only the teachings of the Catho-bu- t those of the Church welL The old Univer.of EngilfS-- s sity of Cambridge encouraged the free reading of the Bible, and when the young men of Scrooby and other towns went up to matriculate, they religious became skeptical of tho finally and the of time, teachings urged their fathers to withdraw fror all the denominations and to sc up littlo congregations of people where the word of God might he road and Such congregainterpreted freely. tions sprung rp in the eastern coun ties of England, and it was not long; before they faced opposition on thi part of the older school of thought and this opposition finally grew' into! the However, toward persecution. close of tho sixteenth century, little flocks of peoplo gathered quietly in private homes in Scrooby and listened to the word of God as it was read from the Holy Bible. The Blblo From God. woro an earnest and sincere people, and when thhy sat down to worship, the spirit of God gave them to noble know and understand the life this anil to subjects pertaining These the life of the hereafter. congregations held that the will and spirit of God might be made manifest to them, aid that not only in relig. ions ntfairs, but in civic and political matters us well, were the people to Such a people alrule themselves. ways become a dynamic element In society, and stand out boldly against worn out customs and theories. Follow ing the Bible of Wycliffe fame that of William Tyndale, who translated the Scriptures frerg. the origin- -. Latin. While Tyndale was of at the University Cambridge, Erasmus, the most celebrated scholar of his day, came because of exile from his native Holland to the Eng. lish unipersity aid gave that inspiration to the students which resulted in a new love for the classics and a great desire to read the greatest of all the classics the noly Bible. The Greek Testament of Erasmus fell into the hands of Tyndale, and it was read and reread. Exciting the opposition of some of the authorities of the university, he fled to Hamburg, and continued translating the holy book from the Greek and Some- - months later Latin texts. to went Worms, where he Tyndale finished his manuscript, consisting ot the New and parts of the Old Testanil there had it printed. aments, The Tyndale Bible, as it was calk'd, was written in plain and simple English and for beauty of style it can not be surpasssed by scholars of today. This was the Bible that made its way into the homes of the Puritans and the Separatists,' who later became the pilgrims. the works of philosophers and poets, they were deeply rend in tho oracles of God; if their names were not found in the register of heralds, they felt assured they were recorded if their steps in the book of life; wore not accompanied by tho sple.n did train of menials, legions of ministering angels had charge over them. In all the history of lnrger move, meats which are conductive to higher ami nobler conditions among men, great personalities stand out in relief to lead and direct their followers: Of the Pilgriirf fathers taero were William Robinson, Brewster, John Willin Bradford, Miles Standish and John and Edward Winslow'. They were all young men, and we ro told bv one historian that only two ot the whole company were over fid. William Bradford was the governor of New Plymouth for almost forty years, and his History of Plymouth Plantation is a classic in New EngIt was land historical literature. John Robinson, prophet and leader. who directed the little congregation of the Pilgrims in Leyden, and sent the first company into tho unknown Robinson was r. with his blessing. one ot truo man of God, and was the greatest of the makers of America. He was pure, honest, generous, catholic in spirit, helpful, tender and As the Pilgrims were about to leave Holland he said to them, so Edward Winslow reports: And if God should reveal anything to us by any other instrument of his. be ns ready to receive it as ever we wore to receive any truth by his ministry for he (Robinson) very confident the Lord hnd more troth and light yet to break forth out of his Holy Word. We have a picture, too, of what the women of those days did, for Governor Bradford, in writing about Refuge In Holland. a dear old lady who was a i.eneoness in the church at Plymouth, says of the of Elizabeth, England queen her: of the rise the and growth during She did them service many years, Puritan and movement, Separatist 60 years when she though she took a very stern stand against litwas chosen. She honored her place assembled tle congregations which and wras an orriliment to the consecretly to worship God. If you ever gregation. She did frequently visit visit Boston, England, you will go to sick and weak, especially women, the eo i tho where ceils il jn.i i..ii s e and, as there wns need, called out of the : wtro liicnr to wutcli maids "JUU .,jwungm'omen rat. 1. 'i lion in Scrooby, a part of and do them other 8elps, as their h whore the chiet the old prDnn -.rn rf the Pilgrvns were kept In necessity did require; rand if they were poor, they did giiitner relief to dark colls for weeks at a time. them of those that wefet able, or Among those were william Brewster, acquaint the deaeons; Bnd''e was who so boldly stood for the right, obeyed as a mother in Israifud and declared that ' God would yet officer of Christ. an give them the freedom to worship Him ia spirit and in truth. 'lue home. Miles Standish was a soldier of were very poor, but very people tho Pilgrims, and when the MayThe Pilgrim Leaders. noble in their lives, and at last havflower lay off the coast of Cape Cod Lord Macaulays eulogy on the it was ho who first took a small ing found by experience that they could live no longer happily in their Puritans likewise tells of the characof men and explored llio eompany unless they violatmother country, ter of the Pilgrim Fathers. r. s for a suitable place for settleed conscience and denied the If they were unacquainted with ment. Standish kept his little army of Jesus, they determined to go to Holland. The story of their migration to the continental country is the real epic in the history ot Harassed and driven the Pilgrims. on every side, tney were compelled to go across the channel in small parties, and then only after many of them had been imprisoned foi seeking relief in the little nation that gave all people that freedom of conscience which had been sought after a generation before by the noted scholar, Erasmus. So we think of those little towns, particularly Scrooby, as battlegrounds of fieedom. Those littlo congregations of Pilgrims were looking to greater things in the future; they were developing larger mopes for the realiza-ti- i n of the right to worship God; and the power to establish the slate and the school, which should be the chief factors to dispel darkness and bring forth a. greater age ot faitti in Almighty God. In the organization of each free church, and this was the ideal organization of the Pilgrim Fathers, the principle was that of brotherhood. They covenanted together in their littlo congregation at -- y.-.n- country, still world renowned for it free schools and ideals of liberty, the English exile learned democratic Yet they principles of government. yearned for the green fields and the snowy white blossoms of the hedges of their native land. Their hearts were in England, for had not their country developed the deeper principles of freedom that are so dear to the Anglo-Saxopeoples! Tho Magna Chnrta ages before had expressed certain fundamentals of government which the English had ever held sacred. And in tho day of tho Pilgrims, the peoplo had come to a firm belief in the represent at;VQ form of govermrient; the right ot trial by jury, and the sacred principle that taxes should bo levied by the people through their representatives. True, religious liberty was yet to be learned and appreciated; but the goal was placed, and Anglo-Saxopeoples looked to the time when every child of God should be free to develop the best within .him. Christian democracy, education and tho evangelization of the world" wrero the main ideals of these out. casts. But, to do their work welt, they must be still the children of that great government England, their mother country and their glorious land. Truo, Holland gave them welcome, but their trials and sorrows were bitter. Says William Bradford, their historian: Old age began to sleal on many of them, and their great and con. tinual labors hastened it before the time. And many of their children who were of tho best dispositions and gracious inclinations, having learned to bear the yoke in their youth, and willing to bear part ot their parents burdens, were oftentimes so oppressed with heavy labors that their bodies became decrepit in their early youth, the vigor of nature being consumed in the very bud, as it were. But that which was of all sorrows most heavy to be borne unany of their children by these occasions and the great licentiousness in the country, and tho manifold temptations of the place, were drawn away into extravagant and dangerous courses, and tho tending to dissoluteness danger of their souls. So those Pilgrims thought of America, where they might live up to their ideals and develop home and free government for their children, and still remain Englishmen. Bo to America they turned for God and haw-Ithor- n n . w-- s of men ready to ward off any attack thing of the sufferings of the landof the red men, and he exorted a ing. I saw in the naked forest onr grant influeneo among tho Indians scattered remnant cast for the celebrated pence treaty with which was never broken A screen of shivering branches be. Massnsoit tween them and the blast; during the lifetime of Bnulford by either the Pilgrims or the red men. Tho snow was falling round them, the dying fell as fast; Voyage of the Mayflower. I looked to see them perish, when The poet Browning lias sung in lo! tho xision passed. his Pippa Passes: Before leaving tho cabin of the O, young Mariner, Mayflower, the Pilgrim fathers came Down to the hnven together in a meeting, tho spirit of Gall your companions, which was democratic and good will. Launch your vessel Tho influeneo of. God must have boon And crowd your canvas present to till the hearts of those And, ere it vanishes faithful souls. Then it was that Over the margin they drew up tho Mayflower compact, After it, follow it, which contains the larger elements Follow the gleam. of freo government, and which we Over an uncharted sea tho Pilgrims hold sacred as tho first written went forth on a dangerous and sorin all history. iney began Their littlo boat, this celebrated document with the rowful voyage. tho Mayflower, received its name In words: In tho name of God, Amen." honor of the beautiful white flower And they wrote that name largo over which grows all their doings. of the hawthorn bu-ot counties so profusely in tho Mayflower Compact. Lincolnshire and Noltinghumshin'. In tho name of God. Amen. Wo The haw (horn breaks into glory In llio spring time, and the flower Is whose names aro vnderwritten, the The thorns loyall Subjects of our dread sover-nignthe emblem of hope. Loid King lames, by tho grace of tho bush are all hidden under gleaming musses of snowy white bios, of God of Great Britoine, France, William goms. Bnulford, in Ills and Iielaad King, Defender of tho of Plymouth Plantation, has Faith and etc. History (old us something of tho voyage. The Having vndertuken for tho glory little boat was loaded with furniture, of God, and advancement of tho anil presumably there were poultry, Christian Tpith, and honour of our swine and goals penned up forward. g and Countrcy, a voyage to The passengers slept in little bunks, plant the first Colony in tue Norlti-ernwhich were made one above the parts of Virginia (loo by these other, and tho crew was huddled in present solmuly and mutually in tho the forward part of the ship. There presonco of God and one of another, was no opportunity for bathing or covenant, and combine our selves washing and little cooked food could together into a civill bodv poltiao, for be had. Rations consisting of bacon, our better ordering and preservation, i,ard tack, suit beef, smoked herring, nnd furtherance of tho ends aforechoose nnd beer were given out daily said; and by vertue hereof to enact with due regard that all food must constitute, and frame such and equall be carefully conserved. The little I.awes, ordinances, acts, constitutions, boat weathered many slorms and offices from time to timo, as shall during a high sen one of the jimin be thought most meet and convenbeams amidship wns broken, which ient for tho gencntll good of the them some in fear the thnt put ship Colony; vnto which we promise nli would not be able to perform the due submission and obedience. In . Fenr overcame some of witness whereof wo hand herevnder voyage. the crew, and llio faith of the pas- subscribed our names, Cup Cod II ot But in November, in tho yeare of the raigue sengers wns put to test. examining all opinions the master Of our sovepiigno Lord King J nines and others affirmed that (he si..p of England, Franco, and Ireland 18, Anno Domini was firm under water so they com- and of Scotland 54. mitted themselves to tho will of God 1620. Tho sucred thoughts of this - imnnd resolved to proceed. One passenger died during the voyage; nnd mortal document were written in tho On November constitution of the United .Stakes one baby was born. when it w'as drafted by our fore20 tho Mayflower rosvehed the north-.yfathers in 1787, America is still a shores of Cape Cod, but ' . a .mK'' to nojmtil h, e e n R Kan thevr we enact, constitute, and frame such just aud equall Laws, ordinances acts, constitutions, offices from time homtm. IB the Name of God. Amen. Oliver Wendcl' Holmes in his has told us Visit a, grims Ill sonn- - (Continued on Next Page.) o HINTS SHOPPING FOR CHRISTMAS GIFTS Scrooby. To walk in all Ilis ways, made known or to be made known unto tnem, according to their best endeavors, whatever it should cost them, the Lord assisting them. The Pilgrims Turn to America. It was Sir Walter Scott who wro,c Breathes there a man with au1 so dead Mho (0 himself hath said, This is my nw-my native land! Wlinso heart hath mict within him burned As home his footsteps ho hath turnm-.- or The Bible to the good people of Lincolnshire and Nottingham was a ed. and mot a direct, intelligible, From from wandering on n foreign straidf authoritative communication During tho years 1607 and IfiOS, God. To its readers the book needed lie Pilgrims went to the Dutch cities no explanation nor commentators, and and Leyden, where Amsterdam o! in a short time it Xvas the greatest twelve lived for years. Holland thev of idea.factor in giving them new them welcome and in that bttle mm freedom. Tley religious and political earn. rwt. 7 ies House Slippers for Men and Women Silk Hose for Ladies and Gentlemen Silk Waists Furs All Kinds of Shirts Coats and Wraps Gloves for Ladies and Gentlemen Box Handkerchiefs Crepe de Chine Handkerchiefs Silk Camisoles Ladies Purses Spats Novelty Ribbons THE FAIR Jensen & Erickson PAYSON, UTAH |