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B2 The S.Salt LakeTi ribune Emergency: When Should By the time she drove him to the Sacred Heart Hospital emer 5 minuteslater, the eding had stopped, thanks to a clean towel pressedfirmly against You Get Help? Broken Bones andSprains: Of ten it is difficult for the victim to tell a bone fracture from a less se- rious muscle sprain Not for Ashley Boyett, who was struck by a speeding personal wa tercraft while she was on vacation last August at Ono Island in Ala bama. Her left leg was crushed be tween two of the vehicles. Bones in her thigh, shin and ankle were shattered. I don’t remember it hurting so bad. But I could feel the bones stickingout the side,” said Boyett. 19, of Bay Minette, Ala Obviously, Boyett’s injuries needed immediate treatment. In many cases though, the symp: toms ofa fracture or sprain can be ambiguous. With many minor breaks or sprains, you can wait day to see your family doctor, Monastero said Treatment is necessary for nearly all breaks, and even some sprains, especially when a tendon Js torn. Sharp pain with movement is more common with a fracture, but valso occur with a sprain. Both »rally have some swelling and be sore for a few days, though a break will usually stay painful for more than a week Seek emergency care if @ You suspect massive internal bleeding, signaled by pale skin B\ suspect multiple fractures But just becauseyouhavea bad will advise you whether to go to an available ncy care if » wound is cosmetically significant, particularly on the face |There is substantial blood loss. WThe laceration was from a sharp object that could have cut a tendon. @ There tion, is potential for infec Signs of infection include redness, swelling, pus orincreas ing pain. Gastrointestinal Upset: ER doc tors see lots of people with nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Most are not eme jes, but some cases can be life-threatening. Get immediate treatment if @There is blood in the diarrhe @ There is blood in the vomit sometimes red, sometimes look ing like coffee grounds. @ Diarrhea or vomiting with fever above102 degrees It is almost always best to let diarrhea run its course to remove the offending bug or toxin. So you generally do not want to use over the-counter products like Imo. dium A-D or Kaopectate to stop the diarrhea, Monastero said. To avoid dehydration with severe diarrhea, drink lots of fluids such as Gatorade diluted with three parts water or diluted fruit juice. Avoid straight water or drinks heavy withsu If the person cannot hold down liquids, or if you otherwise fear dehydration the emergency room. Abdominal Pain: There are a lot f organs in the abdomen that evere enough to re ition tubal pregnancy omach ulcer are ney care al pregnan uuise extremelysevere pain \ bleeding ulcer usually pro duces pain at night or an hour at ter ea ind is relieved by eat ing again. It can produce blood in the stool, which usually looks blackand tarry Emergency-room nurses say fractures are suspect esp ss oF do nece not move sary to ld head and t fast rules for when to rush to the ER reasons to get eme Appendicitis and tul a fracture that threatens the spinal ambulance ng will stop onits own. could cause pain, and no hard and suspected If you cut does not mean you need to rush to the ER, Monastero said. t wiv Randal, 4, needed treatment after he at re truck. “I sh in his fore w he was bleeding other treatme nt, Monasterosaid. If you go, bring whateverthe person took, or the emptycontainers. Humanrunnersbreak records reguiarly, but face horses are no faster than those of or Bronchitis: Seek emergency ca! reif you @ Cough up blood mCough u 1p phlegm that is green or dark yellow, witha fever above102 for a adults Pneumonia @ Have she ortnessof breath, se hest pai n or highfever. @Have a history of lung medications Heaviest Horse vs. human Compared to fever pound withevery stride, fragileleg A= Headaches: Most headaches sitivity to light. , be humans, horses havelongfeatherweightfoot "P&S are not life-threatening. Go to the ERif there is a change in thepat rn of your headaches. Severe headaches can be a symptomof: @ Meningitis, usually whenas sociated with a stiff neck andsen y & ' s and leg bones ay t are immedia' tely To accelerate, the horse swings its shoulder blade in a y | into leg bones, now makingupathirdof the limb’s length wide arc,allowingit to take alonger stride The rotary gallop Stop-action snapshots by American photographer Edward Muybridge in 1877 madestride analysis possible. At the gallop thefeet strike the groundin a circular sequence. Oncein each stride, all four leave the ground gency treatment can minimize nea withinfour hours. The key symptom is loss of more than a few minutes, such h as the inability to move a arm or to speak. A stroke more than just numbnessor dizziness. function lasti ng longer,faster strides, reducingthe time that each foot remains on the ground ~ andincreasing the time spentin suspension Typical racehorse has a 23-foot stnde; the legendary horse Man O'War covered Fainting: If you are otherwise lated problem 1s, a single incident of fainting is probably nothing to Get emer R nO BY JEFF DONN weating, body temperature of 104 jive Jonger a discovery that raises hopesof finding treatments loss of judgment, and convulsion. for Alzheimer's and other human Call 911 and p ace ice packs on the diseases associated with aging. The next step is to determine cell dan min k in antioxidant, is now to event heart attacks and Izheimer’s in some discovery of the catal » bals ters the theory that oxi. dative damage is central to both aging and its diseases. The worm gene caused by oxyger “should give etus to people working onthe already implicated in human ag- protect human nerve cells by the ing and diseases like Lou Gehrig's and Par boosting catalase with McCormick suggested. journal Nature The researchers studied a nearly microscopic roundworm iman genes to try to look for Such oxidat mage analogous to me ng things like this.” is Chalfie said. It ay eventually be possible t imer son's a drug South Pacific known as Caenorhabditis elegans. When it is well-fed, it survives only about three weeks, but it can you. withstand food shortages in lar val state for at least two months Several genes in this worm were already linked to the larva's ki, M.D., FACOG, is t logistand nt of Utah Women ans. W rite to her c/o The UTA H already known to serve: blocking Vi tr k compounds. Cormick, a biochemist at the Na: tional In titute on Aging. The research was led by biolo gist Mart in Chalfie at Columbia University The findings were published in today’s issue of the ar de octor or nurse pra he Ip you select the prescription medic ation that act as a central agent in allowing some worms to live longer When the normal gene that makes the enzyme, ctl-l, is re moved, the worms die sooner The researchers argue that cy tosolic catalase allows longer life by performing a function it was whether a similar enzyme exists in human: The fir ading gets us closer to understanding what's involvedin aging process and where we can inter vene,” said Anna Mc: cles. One of th medications that I find especially helpful is Levsin Levsin comes inaslowrelease extended form for people who UT SOURCES, “The Nature of Horses," by S.Budlansky, Word Book Scientists Find a Worm Enzyme That Helps Extend Life @ Have hac d seizures. @ Faint rep peatedly nune, Suspension 28 feet with each stride y MB Have had 1 cardiac problems. Salt Lake Tri Salt Lake City L we L wa Horses speed up by taking healthy and have no history ofre- works best for lowerleg Tibia Ye bones, the large tibia / andthe small fibula; the horse leg has a massive tibia and a short slender fibula Stroke: A stroke is like a heart attack in the brain. It is usually caused by a t dood clot cutting off blood flowto ¢ a part of the brain, As with a heart a attack, prompt emer: damage. The drug TPA, for in stance, must be administered A has human twa Lower leg: Fibula— toes have evolved had in your life. Get emergency refers question hen necessary quite helpfu \| ao Whatonce were b described as the sudden onset of the worst hea idache you haveever i | ‘ Get emergency care @An aneurysm, which is a hemorrhageinthe brain, typically Femur \ . titioner can witch back 2000 bones epee immediate trip to the doctor. The pill that can be put ue when fast help more occasional e you. He their guts ir knots” as a re Their bowel mi wcting excessively ° youngerthe child, the more con erned you should be about a have such sev ere symptoms they have to be on itall day; and as a REGULAE. BURKI T leg muscles are centered overhip joint cal problems Any fever in a child younger than 3 month hs old warrants an head, neck, gr ‘oin and armpits. YOUR HEALTH 2:00 9 ut strong Horses legs are Irritable-Bowel Syndrome Not N Just Indigestion It seems that whenever I get excited or nervous, my stomach produces excess juices andac ids, which flow into my intes tines and incapacitate mefor about an hour withloose stools. | have triedeverything from meditationto over-the. counter medications such as Pepcid-AC, Tums, Pepto-Bismol andGas-X. Lam wondering if thereis something else I might door try The sympton lescribe are quite common at nam Winner's time, in minutes disproportionately long and light for an animalof their size. Th ey pul thehorse at huge risk of breakdown- @ Are elderly with other medi degrees or higher, confusion and ‘ohol near the vi Kentucky Derby 215 cee Thin b problems. Drug Overdoses: Most dru overdost attempt adults. Look for empty pil bottles Men's Olympic marathon Winner's time, in hours 3 the 1940s Loss of consciousness can be a sign of potentially fatal heat THE ASSOCIATED PRESS stroke. Other symptoms of heat Scientists have found an en stroke generally include not zyme in worms that helps them and al ole MATTERS Morethan 50 million years of evolution have given horses su rb s| d and power that humanshave not found a way toimprove. mey rc 290m or administer ver i Horses at the speedlimit The poison-control operator cult to evaluate, Any pain that does not seem normal in this area warrants emergency caré abdominal pain is the most diffi Lacerations and Cuts: Donna Dobbins of Beulah, Fla., knew b flay 13, 1999 SCIENCE | the local listed on the inside fr ‘ont cover of most phonebooks. Personnelthere will need to know your bestestimate of how many ant id what kind ofpills the persontook and when. ticking out, Cover cleanest dressing BA bone it With the Start by calling poison-control center, the wound. Jacob needed eight stitches to close the wound. @ Continued fromB-1 @Pain that radiates to the neck, jaw, left armorback. Heart attacks rarely produce pain in the right arm. Thepain is not usually sharp, and it's not usually related to a particularpo: sition or movement of the body HEALTH & SCIENCE _ Thursta yut their me rch team from Co P.O. Box 867 84110. BT) Betad nism Burki ind Dartmouth College lumbia toa specialist identified an en. yme k own as a italase HERITAGE that seems to FOUNDATION 1999 Historic Homes May 15 & 16 11 AM - 5 PM Buzz Bombs Tour \7, $10 UHF Members $15 Public CLM) James Michener’stale of love and war in the South Pacific is set to fabulous music in this poignant, GD have designed i that vue forr ' err ted 4 A Clutch Catch From the frontiers Pulmonary emt 1 software vices that the tags man-made of science a poten No Longerin Infancy Rem when test-tube ba ies were big ne th i f a rodu are t ir M han 65,800 trie ade ir ing suck \ en m6, th percent of t born t 4 percer \ in Society for tive Med landmark musical. 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