| Show from mhd N Y nty ety european EUROPE EURO AN N an industrial exhibition was wa opened in 16 london two or three weeks ago at which sixteen hundred wor vor workingmen kingmen were tile the exhibitors it was wa s known cnown as thie the Is lington industrial exhibition and grew out of the lambeth plan of ideal displays which succeeded the last international exhibition in england at this display different occupations were represented and of the exhibitors hibi tors 44 were printers 41 were engineers 37 earv carvers drs 37 carpenters carpenter 35 engravers gravers rs 12 watchmakers and 32 12 laborers space was also allotted to women the director pf af the agricultural hall hail copp comp company annand and other persons offered money prizes for competition and mr wyon gratuitously designed id a prize medal specially for t lie the echi exhibition I 1 tion the times says sass sa y s call w w it is A remarkable fact fa e t and a itald nelld one highly creditable to our operatives that in class A inventions improvements 1 and Ino ingenious enious contrivances there are no fewer than entries it is nota not a little I 1 curious also that some of the inventions are about the last one would expect rn inventors act from persons of the calling of the inventors for instance a butcher exhibits in a decimal calou calculator lator consisting of new rules in the science of numbers and a decimal key applicable to every kind of calculation a short hand writer displays his inventive powers in a mill i to grind crusts into flour a 0 clerk elerk produces a novel machine for cutting pie meat and a printer has improved on teapots and silk hats in ju class B skilled work 1 there are admirable ulm mimi ra lb specimens of cabinet work and upholstery and several of or the lar hardware dwa je art articles aiso also arax excellent the display of N wood carving earving ardd arid model ling in this eias clas affords satisfactory evidence of an advance of our workmen in the tho knowledge of design t amon among the tho exhibitors is a lad named aged d fourteen who shows two carved alq heads a d 9 of great promise the mantl manur facture of musical is well represented as is likewise that of horoz logical and philosophical instruments in one of the galleries galler ies iea are sonie sohie some somo excel specimens ent lent of marveling mar beling and graining in among the the preserved natural objects area are a case pf af stunned stuffed birds the work of a laborer in hampstead and four cases all remarkably good the achievement of a servant of the duke of manchester the natural history of the silkworm is illustrated in an excellent glas lass case ease model bya by a lii lil iii ili st J t lukes more moro than one domestic servant exhibits in class clas sF fy la ladies ladles lies iles needlework A pretty basket of flow ers copied from nature mature is the work of a housemaid a a hearthrug with figures of animals inwood I 1 by a general servant and alli two bed quilts by another domestic ua r the exhibition was opened with musical exercises in which one thousand choir singers took part an mode tode to labor laboe was sung part pant of which was as follows v OW hard the toll toil and aud sharp p the r SP r hath hatli been of af labors weary march I 1 i but through the tears that dropped like ilke hone forth at last the golden goiden arch anch then b on gashed flashed our eyes oyes mith with knett knelt joys 03 rich light no more we hopeless uneit knelt and sighed for lo 10 there burst upon our dour sight 1 the che drea rooi mool labor glorified glo gio rifled j j A chorus of women san sang the fa foilb ing I 1 1 inte 1 1 homes will be lie tho the brighter r hearts will he bp the lighter y in the coming coil eoll lim day dai ill less tearful I 1 ti t souls bouls will wili bo more re cheerful w in the oming day 14 dio dlo dio die shall hatreds hat bat reds blindness ss live shall loves own kindness ess j Y s in the tile coming dayl a THE mark marn SIDE 1 the foregoing is the plea piea pleasant sani kid gid side e 1 iq NO thelise the ilfe life of english workingmen th tiie opposite is exhibited in a letter fetter to the london signed an operative I 1 who knows what it is to have the screw put on him he says 3 we know perfectly well though we jve care not to talk too openly on the subject that through roligh th venality is not con i fined to our own nor to any class yet that ignorance is by far too common among us and that druel ne has become essentially a class vice the shanie shame of which weno we no longer share with the middle middie and upper order orders and which we must lear learn n to eschew before we cairs claim to be admitted in very large num bers to the exercise of the franch franchise isea izea for por F or myself and such of my fellows aej asi could name if I 1 durst I 1 may truthfully avow that we would not give sixpence for the right to tofe vote kuon knon knowing ing well that W we e should stand as much chance of be jj 1 ing ng allowed to exercise it freely atau atan at an e elections elect lec lee ionas lonas we have of using our discretion in joining or withholding ourselves from a strike in our trade A word about that let a skilled sa s1 workman wah a wife and family dependent on his hii exertions receive notice that unless lie he conforms confori fis to the laws promulgated fo for his guidance by the managers man mau agers of abejo the so and so strike he will be looked on as a black sheep and dealt with according 1 leand where is his independence loit izet why sir it is a mockery and a shame to talk taik about it we hold hoid out perhaps for a time and then down go our names and alid we join some perhaps even of the better instructed among us may mav think that this is alari all nil right bt 1 maintain is that we tave lave havo have nad no baij r given iven alven us of decla decia declaring nning fling our leal teal opinions we must yield to numbers 1 5 iti A 4 THE 4 WORKER d jua iu a paper read before the british aza aci As mr belkin leikin gave an account of A the fhe he persons e employed ap noyed loyed in the ami wui lace and hosiery trades t ra des that following statistics were given i 1 the approximate arp dimate numbers of employed at in 1865 for the whole bf the lace machinery may be thus stat i ed men employed in shop making machines bobbins ca carriages i points pt ol 01 n is guides comus combs me needles edles edies ae acaby a at a average v er age wages of or 0 a week men and youths at work rk in 10 igo la larr f lowr factories and on lesser machine machines s 18 W t whom may earn i lob 5 and first class L levers e vers ean hands di 0 Ps o a week on an average these all work alternate shifts of four and abd 11 fise five va hour each 1 in the entire dakof elgh eighteen tei tel hours bour s during which the engine is going goina boys clearing winding thread threading bobbins as women filling bobbins and overlooking is brown browni net men mem menders ders who rho usually receive neta net from factories and free them thein from foul or uneven threads it is generally genel genei ally aily sup up elementary labor to household work to Ss may be a week men carpers war pers founders and superintendents of machinery CO go car sp jentei pen enters tei tel SOs ZOS porters carters 90 00 watchmen ac steam engineers bleg blee bleachers li chers 20 in male maie ale aie dressers of lace sa Ss to gos 1000 female white menden mender sAas smas female lace folders los jos paper box makers of both sexes as warehouse women female over lookers los log draughtsman and designers 1309 warehousemen v and clerks taking salaries there are employed in each ainoshin finishing J lace laco cc warehouse from frogg 6 to GOO COO females as the size bize and nature of the business may require the number cannot be known except by actual census they are taken from outdoor liand lland in brown mending and other employment oh dace the hours are 8 AM to 7 ii and ant the wages are about Ps on an average over time ia is paid for i the athe kind kindo of work must be seen to but are in general more wearisome than heavy in some bome of the factories and workrooms wor krooms in lace houses and in dressing rooms thereat isbone times oppressive in general bentila provided for blit but hands do not always care to make mako use of it there is a far greater number of females employed sometimes fram a too early age ag in the houses of mi stresses often their own mothers upon drawing scalloping carding ac processes M light ht and simple enough upon goods which have been obtained from finishing houses bouses these young bolln people must exercise care and cleanliness on the goods or they would be spoilt when returned to the warehouse the mistress receives a price out of which she takes a portion for her bar labor a bor risk of damage fire light C li house ouse duse roam ac some of these persons employ twelve to twenty young girls the total number cannot be known accurately except by fonsus census about IM 1840 an emigration tion set innot annot in nottingham from all the districts within nifty fifty miles ti to supply the increase increasing i ng warehouse and outdoor female laborers required in both the lace and hosiery trades there has thus been added to the already surplus female population tion of the place within the last twenty six years in these three classes aig aid are computed from to females which added to the above enumerated makes a total of about employed in the hace lace trade of m jn 1565 the materials ar UN ed up ilg fig cosit mit about fhe the wae wages and profits amounted to xa or thereabouts and the net not reu returns ans may be stated at in the hosiery business of nottingham there d T re in 1865 narrow narro hand machines employing domestically E men eil and women and youths at wa wages es from Gs 63 to averaging by the ItZe statements ments of the accounts of the hands liin ilin selves los dos gd weekly also 4 wide hand machines likewise domestically alc ale employing men from los jos tosos fosos to SOs averaging according to the work mens statement las weekly wages W these hand and frames were placed in shops in eighty parishes spread over the county of nottingham the entire average wages of or frames in 1944 1544 was about aboul Gs Cs a week guily these two classes of offhand li maeh mach ihnes iries it is computed give employment no about women and girls as binders vin in ders and andl se amers earnia earning as each anan a 1 average amr mr q r felkin went on to show that the 1 P P pl of female labor to the ang 1 1 r 1 an districts had a tendency to inge crease se rather than diminish owing to comparative fr comparative cheapness but the pre pie valence of female labor was attended evils one was the neavy rate rale of mortality ata at nearly age ago aua aud another the high birl rate of alleg always 0 observable aser ablo where orver laver ve r th there was an excels of women in illegitimate children con t en per er cent of agthe authe births jik jit f il |
