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Show ottth WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS rn'F roi'TE CONGRESS: Nazi Defense Pocketsl Shape As Allies Split Reich ; Die-Har- d U. S. Plans Huge Postwar Fleet Released by Western Newspaper Union. in these eolnmns, they are those of (EDITORS NOTE: When opinions lire expressed not Western Newspaper Union news analysts and neeessarily of this newspaper.) ffiP" hvrpm Generals New Even as the Republicans senate steering committee called upon Pres. Harry S. Truman to wish his administration well, a red hot legislative battle loomed in congress over the new chiefs reciprocal trade treaty program, with GOP leaders heading the fight to defeat the measure. First sponsored by Mr. Roosevelt, then adopted as his own by President Truman, the program extension of calls for a three-yea- r the reciprocal trade treaties, with permission to cut tariff rates 50 per cent under January, 1945, levels. Since the original trade treaties allowed a 50 per cent reduction on y duties imposed in the bill of 1930, and such cuts were made on some goods, another 90 per cent slash would amount to 75 per cent, in all. As former secretary of state and "father of the reciprocal trade program, Cordell Hull, called for passage of the act from the Bethesda, Md., naval hospital. Assistant Secretary of State William Clayton led the administration fight for adoption of the bill. With the U. S. possibly exporting as much as 10 billion dollars worth of goods a year after the war, he said, it will be necessary to cut our own tariff barriers so that our foreign purchasers will be able to repay us in kind. Otherwise, he said, we will lose this trade or billions of dollars extended in credits. Disputing the administrations contention that passage of the measure was necessary to assist in the restoration of world prosperity and prevention of unsettled economic conditions leading to war, GOP congressmen, led by Rep. Harold Knutson (Minn.), declared that the program accomplished neither objective prior to the present conflict. jt'it Presidents New Appointments Smoot-Hawle- 4 s, x v m , .W iiSmitf1 i ?. v. .. . .vArfMiSiSL .y Deep in a salt mine near Merkers, Germany, G.I.s came upon this cache of 100 million dollars of gold bullion packed In bags. Also was German and foreign currency, and crates of art treasures. EUROPE: PACIFIC: Defense Pockets U. S. Losses Their front shattered by Allied Nazi militarists envisioned the formation of numerous strong pockets of resistance for a stand against the massed weight of U. S., British and Russian forces. Discussed even as U. S. and British armies drove toward a link-u- p in the Berlin region, the object of the pockets would be to make the war so costly to the Allies as to induce a willingness to talk terms. Recognizing the possibilities of such warfare. Supreme Allied headquarters indicated that V-- Day might not be proclaimed until major nests of resistance were cleaned up to prevent a lowering of civilian and military morale because of losses sustained in continuing operations. With U. S. and British forces spearheading across the Reich, and the Russians moving in from the German most prominent east, pockets shaped up along the North sea coasts and mountainous Bavaria. stand Nazi plans for a shaped up as the great Russian drive surged on battered Berlin and U. S.' forces moved toward a juncture with the Reds in Saxony. With the Russians throwing over 2,000,000 men into the battle, and the the Germans concentrating bulk of their forces against the onslaught, the fight for Berlin became one of the bloodiest encounters of the whole war. As Red forces edged through a network of strong fortifications under rolling fire, the enemy threw in masses of tanks in an ef- break-through- last-ditc- s, h E die-har- d For the first time in the Pacific war, navy casualties in the Okinawa campaign ran ahead of the armys and marines, with bitter fighting threatening to make the operation as costly as at Iwo Jima. Numbered among the victims was famed War Correspondent Ernie Pyle, whose simplicity of reporting the war from Europe to Asia brought the realism of the conflict so much closer to the nations rs Among the first appointments made by President Harry S. Truman were (1) J. Leonard Reinsch, as press and radio secretary to the President; (2) Matthew J. Connelly, executive secretary; (3) Col. Harry H. Vaughan, military aide; (4) John W. Snyder, St. Louis banker, as Federal Loan administrator; (5) Alfred Schindler, assistant to secretary of commerce. First Lady of Land When War Arrived at Okinawa Army Strength at Peak Tv-- With a population of 13,479,142, New York led all other states in the number women in the folk. With of men army with A h .W.- ? W- - "Xv and 1 ? 900,563 as U. S. military strength the Ryukyu island chain, totalled 8,050,011 as of .December 31, the war department recontaining Okinawa, lying but 325 miles from Tokyo, the Japs put up vealed. a stiff fight, throwing in waves of To the original army strength of 513,410 in 1940, 9,444,283 have airplanes in an attempt to impede been added by induction, ensupporting U. S. naval operations. KamiLed by the listment or appointment since kaze (suicide) fliers, enemy airmen then, with the normal release of inflicted the greatest percentage of 1,907,682 giving the net figure of naval casualties. 8,050,011, it was pointed out. In ground fighting on Okinawa itWith the draft equalizing state industlons on the basis of popuself, chief opposition centered in the southern part of the island above lation, Pennsylvania with 9,900,-18- 0 the capital city of Naha, where 24th persons and Illinois with ranked second and third corps army troops bucked against In the number of men and womthe four-mil- e deep "Little Siegfried line. en in the army, with 663,666 While fighting raged about Okinand 507,233 respectively. awa, General MacArthurs forces tightened their hold on the Philippines by edging into the enemys PLANE OUTPUT: mountain strongholds on northern I ?," Cut Luzon, and establishing further foot-- 1 I with the army air force s holds on Mindanao, second biggest cut in aircraft production for the island in the archipelago. rest of 1945, the huge $100,000,000 d NAVY: factory at Willow Run outside Detroit, Mich., will Postivar Fleet wind up manufacture of 4 bombers by next August. Although final action depends Decision to terminate production upon the nations future policy, of the was predicated upon the tentative navy plans call for a huge postwar fleet of 5,830 vescollapse of the German luftwaffe sels and the scrapping of anand the need for heavier, faster other 6,094, according to testifor the bombers like the Pacific war, it was said. The overmony released by the house apall cut in output of other planes also propriation committee. Of the 5,830 vessels, 1,191 will permit concentration on manuwould be combat ships, with the facture of aircraft more vitally needed against the Japs, includremaining 4.639 auxiliary craft. Plans calls for use of 482 of the ships. ing the new combat vessels, ranging from Capable of turning out 462 planes submarines to battleships, with 'a month at the peak of its operathe rest laid up for recall on tions, the Willow Run factory is short notice. Of the auxiliaries, owned by the governments Defense 1,794 would be kept active and Plant corporation. Henry Ford has the remainder anchored for fueyed purchase of the property for ture demands. production of tractors and other kinds of farm tools after the war. Among the 6,094 vessels to be scrapped or used as targets are WATER TREATY: 337 obsolescent combat ships. The remainder are auxiliaries, Neighborly Act including landing craft. In adIn what President Truman hailed dition, it was disclosed, the navy as a constructive, business-lik- e prowill have some 66,000 other craft on its hands as demobilization posal undertaken in a neighborly spirit, the U. S. senate ratified the proceeds, with some retained controversial treaty dividing waters and others disposed of by the of the Colorado and Rio Grande rivmaritime commission. ers between this country and silken-shroude- Lt. Gen. George Smith Patton Jr. commander of the 3rd army, top and Lt. Gen. Courtney Hicks Hodges, commander of the 1st army, who have been promoted to rank of full generals. Their elevation to rank of four-stawas sug gested by senate committee. if i f ' V Recent photograph of Mrs. Harry S. Truman, wife of the 33rd Presi dent of the United States and first lady of the land. Mrs. Truman has been active in war relief work and states that she is not and will not be active or interested in politics. , i V'' f' d ' V ' ' Equipped for any emergency, marines who landed at Okinawa hurdle a stone wall as they push across the island. First phase of the operation brought little opposition, the invading forces were quick to grasp the opportunity, and the early assault waves drove to the interior of the island shortly after they hit the beach. Strong opposition came later. Curing Pain in Neck G.I. Joes Reporter Killed Ford-operate- SJfr.v B-2- d. end Lieutenant General Simpson of Pth army (left) chats with British Field Marshal Montgomery on German front. fort to break up the advancing formations, and swarms of planes clashed in the leaden skies above. Further to the south, other Russian forces breached the Nazis Neisse and Spree river lines to smash westward in Saxony for a junction with the U. S. 1st and 3rd armies. While the 1st and 3rd fought toward a junction with the Russians, and the U. S. 9th built up strength along the Elbe for an eastward thrust to Berlin, the British and Canadian forces and the U. S. 7th army bore down on the potential German defensive pockets along the North sea and in Bavaria. The British and Canadian task was no snap, what with the enemy concentrating large bodies of troops in small areas behind stout defenses. Included in the German holdout regions was the western portion of Holland below the Zuider Zee, and the great port areas of Emden, Wilhelmhaven, and Hamburg. Having cleared the Nazi shrine city of Nuernberg, 7th army spearheads pointed toward Munich and the Bavarian mountain reaches, s where enemy are expected to put up their stiffest last stand. With Allied armies on the move in Germany itseif, U. S. and British forces pushed forward in Italy also, threatening to spill into the Po valley. die-hard- MODERN MINING Indicated output of 625,000,000 tons of coal in 1944 was attained with about 200,000 fewer workers than in 1918, largely because of extensive mechanization of the mines man output per day in bituminous mines has been raised from an average of 3 tons during the last war to more than 5V4 tons in 1944. This compares with slightly more than one ton per man per day in England, and a little over two tons per it is pointed out. man in Cm-- FARM LABOR: Draft Provisions Seeking to assure essential farm labor, congress moved to forbid lo- cal draft boards from comparing the value of agriculture with that of any other occupation when considering deferments of farm workers. Final passage of the bill depended upon house approval of sen ate amendments, providing that appeals boards could not make such and deferment of comparisons, farm workers shall not prevent voluntary enlistments for the services. The congressional measure was framed to forestall a directive of selective service ordering local boards to give first consideration to the manpower needs of the army and navy when considering deferments for farm workers. Honor Roll Corporal Richard A. Shinier of Pittsburgh, Pa., won the distinguished service medal for exhibiting a high degree of resourcefulness and efficiency in the preparation and dropping of supplies and medical equipment to isolated survivors of airplane crashes. During 1944, he completed over 10,1)1)0 miles of travel in China, using all modes of transportation, mrluding S00 miles on foot and horseback Hi, outstanding achievements have been instrumental in the saving ol HO crew members Mexico. Under provisions of the treaty, the U. S. guarantees Mexico 1,500,-00- 0 acre feet of water annually from the Colorado river, except in times of extraordinary drouth when the supply may be cut, and also agrees to divide waters in the Rio Grande below Fort Quitman, Texas, about equally. In addition, the two nations will make a study of problems arising from the flow of the Tijuana river from Mexico into southern California, including flood control and conservation. Though California and Nevada congressmen attacked the treaty as harmful to domestic users of the Colorado river waters, other western senators acclaimed it as necessary for orderly development of both the Colorado and Rio Grande basins. BRIEFS j X 'sb) y ip U , ': i m m A y r'Y? 'j vy ,4$. )& Jrj O What looks like an attempt at suicide in the Giants' clubhouse in New York is merely Johnny Ruckers attempt to cure a pain in the neck. The queer contraption was prescribed for the Giant outfielder by Mayo Brothers. Bag Nazi Big-Wic- s sf- ?: gy-- v S' V :yy i 4 Sc 'A-- ? -- ' Ernie Pyle, famous war correspondent, acclaimed as the fighting mens personal reporter, recently killed by a Jap machine-gubullet on a little island off Okinawa, is shown in his last photo. This is typical of the way he covered both wars, by living and working with the men. He escaped death several times while covering the war with Germany. n Truman Meets Peace Delegates ... Of the nearly 150,000 persons who died of cancer in the United States last year, approximately between the ages of It Is true that cancer reaps Its highest death toll In the age groups over 40, but it may afflict a person, in any age group with equally tragic results even infants have been known to die from cancer. If treated in the early stages, however, the disease Is rurable. authorities pont out 3,600 were 20 and 29. Prince August Wilhelm, right, and younger son of the Field Marshal August von Macken-sen- , who have been captured by the Allies. . The ..an delegation to the United Nations con" Francisco meets with President Harry S. Truman at the An-..- nee in San While House. -- L. to R. Comdr. Harold Stassen, Rep. Charles Eaton, Mrs. Sen. Tom Connally, Secretary of State Edward f ' Virginia tlinius Sen. Arthur Vandenberg, and Rep. Sol Bloom. President Truman seated! ' |