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Show SATURDAY, TIIE JOURNAL Pape 2 of Main Street and the World Freedom Is Theme of National Newspaper Week , October Japanese Peace Treaty Is Signed; 1- Farm Exports Totaled $3.4 Billion 5, ... er STEEL SHORTAGE The home towns of the nation will feel the steel shortage in the next few weeks and months. Defense production officials predicted a pinch some six months ago and last week the government cut back allocations of steel, copper and aluminum for civilian use. As a result there will be fewer automobiles, radios, refrigerators and other consumer products in the next few months. But the shortage will hit harder at the home towns that had planned new school buildings or had them under construction. The federal office of education reports the shortage means about 1,600 new schools planned for the booming school-ag- e population across the country can not be built until next year maybe not even in time for the fall of 1952. The nations school enrollment Is expected to continue on an upward Told You So swing until 1964. Another crop of war babies will start to school in Charles defense mobilizer, the next few years. For this reason announced Wilson, cutback in civilian steel, many communities are in desperate copper and aluminum allocations. need of new facilities. He predicted the "pinch six months The federal office of education ago. has on hand applications for metal for 1,000 new buildings and for another 1,259 projects already under construction. The office has enough steel tonnage to allow construction to go ahead on 1,538, but that will leave 721 for which money has been put up and work started stranded for perhaps six to nine months. FASHION FLASH . . . Wake up and dream is what this sky-to- p calot in the newest fall shade, fluorescent white, is called. Its just the thing to add a lilting note to miladys town coats and furs. Star-lin- e veil adds to its mood of flirtation. Buicks, of this newspaper, During the week of October of the readers like it in the small readers other of publications and thousands Your read the will slogan, Newspaper Lights towns of America, the Way of Freedom. During the week the newspapers of America will tell their readers how they operate, the details of publication what they stand for, but above all they will try to tell the story of freedom. And whether or not they succeed, or to what degree they succeed, may have an everlasting effect upon the lives of their readers. For the American press remains one of the great pillars of this nations freedom. The word freedom is widely used today. It is a word every American takes for granted in all its meanings. But sometimes it is an empty word, made so before the reader or speaker nation will trj to tell during National Newspaper Week. It is an important story. It is important because that definition of a newspa-pe- r is also the definition of freedom. Without this free expression of ideals and thoughts and opinions there would be no liberty in this country. The men who helped form this nation thought it important, because they wrote into the constitution: Congress shall make no law . . . abridging freedom of speech and freedom of the press. Napoleon, one of the great dictators of history, knew its importance and took steps to limit the free press of France. He said, Three hostile newspapers are more to be feared than a thousand bayonets. It is probably one of the few times that Napoleon underestimated a potential enemy. In past weeks this space has been dedicated to special weeks and events, telling the story of how the reader, the newspaper and the merchant can put these occasions to work for their benefit and that of the community. But in the telling of the story of the newspaper and its relations to the community, it would be untruthful to leave the Impression that all newspapers have been used for the best interests of the community. In the past the free press of America has been used by selfish, and often, greedy men for their own benefits. Undoubtedly, in some communities, the press is still controlled by those who do not use it for the best interests of the town. Such instances, however, are becoming more and more isolated. This does not mean the general run of editors are knights in armor shining carrying a sword against the worlds evils. They are hard working and often underpayed men who write facts about their communities. And once in a great while they find an injustice and campaign against it with the weapon at hand their newspapers. But day by day the editor goes along telling the truth the facts realizes the fact. For instance, in a southern town a battle between the communitys newspaper and other elements of the area is underway that may well end in the silencing of that communitys publication. The newspaper wants to tell the story of gambling in the community, and has atempted to do so. There are elements in the community that want it silenced. In an eastern town two editors of weekly newspapers are barred from attending and reporting the village councils monthly meetings. Public officials do not want the official business of the village published. True, these are isolated instances; some may argue not of national significance. That is not true. Isolated, yes, but having great national importance. For here are the first, perhaps, of a number of instances when the voice of the press would be silenced. If encouraged, then other communities would soon suffer similar activities of not dediinterests and groups cated to the American way of life or the principles of freedom as understood by the average American. During the week of October National Newspaper Week this newspaper and others like it will try to tell the story of what a free press means to this community, the state, and the nation. What does this newspaper mean to the individuals of this community? For instance, the merchant. To him it is an advertising medium, of instances and circumstances in through which he tells the people of his community. Alone he can do the community what he has to offer nothing about them, but by telling in the way of goods and services. the truths he hopes to arouse in his It does a good job for him, but fellow citizens indignation against more often than not he grumbles and good wiT for rightwhen he has to pay his monthly injustice eousness. This is the everyday bill. He sees the h ad as a of freedom. ad, nothing more. He campaign an often repeated story is There doesnt stop to multiply that in newspaper circles that illusad by the newspapers circulacan tion and thus arrive at the actual trates how human an editor really be. The paragraph appeared advertising space he received. in the Melrose (Wis.) Chronicle and To the editor the newspaper is reads: work, pleasant work or he would not be doing it. It is also the meIt is reported that one of the fastidious newly-marrie- d dium through which he often tries to express himself and it is the ladies of this town kneads bread with her gloves on. This incident means by which he makes a living. may be somewhat peculiar, but And tc- all those others the linothere are others. The editor of type operator, the pressman, the this paper needs bread with his newspaper boy it is a job and a shoes on; he needs bread with thing in which they find satisfachis shirt on; he needs bread tion and take pride. with his pants on, and unless But your community newspasome of the delinquent subIs more than these things. per scribers of this Old Rag of It has an elusive, almost tangiFreedom pony up before long, ble quality. It Is a reflection of he will need bread without a the community itself its think-- "' damn thing on, and Wisconsin Ing, its opinions, its activities; is no Garden of Eden In the it is the focal point of all inwinter time. cidents, both tangible and inThis is a part of the story newstangible which make and papers will tell their readers durdevelop your home town; it is When ing the week of October ycu and your neighbors, who the full story is told it will have are actors at loss its pages; it created a greater understanding is a history of you and the comfor each reader of the things that munity. make up his local newspaper and This is part of the story newspawhat it represents. pers in every community in the (Released by WNU Features.) 1-- 8 10-inc- 10-in- 10-in- ch - CAR PRICES The office of price stabilization has allowed auto mobile manufacturers an average of 5 to 6 per cent Increase in new model passenger cars. The increase will be passed on by the dealer to the purchaser. A 5 per cent increase in the price of Ford, Chevrolet and Plymouth cars means the home towner will have to pay as much as $70 additional -8 1- -8 AND NOW PEACE Guided by the United States, 48 nations last week signed the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco, possibly the most lenient pact after a bloody and bitter war in the history of the world. And one of the most remarkable aspects of the long negotiations and the signing was the attitude of the American people who suffered much at the hands of the Japanese. As the representatives of the 48 nations marched to the platform to sign the treaty, the people in the home towns of the nation were conscious of those who were not present those who had given their lives in the greatest war of all time. But they wanted the treaty because by it they were again offering ARMY STAR NOW PRO . . . Fulla hand in friendship to those back AI Pollard, the first ousted who desired to aid in the athlete in the West Point cribbing battle against aggression scandal to sign up for pro footand communism. ball, has joined the New York Yankees in Chicago. He was in The American people reto play in exhibition match time alized also that by completion of this treaty the United against Cards: States had won its greatest since diplomatic victory World War II. Soviet Russia and its allies by refusing to sign, by its attempts to block the conference and John Foster Dulles, head of the American write in amendments which delegation to the peace treaty conference, was they would not even discuss the guiding hand behind the treaty. lie during the 11 months the labored 11 months to bring it about. treaty was in negotiation, made known to the world they did not want peace. Among others, there were five broad terms to the treaty: (I) It takes away Japans overseas empire, amounting to 45 per cent of all the territory she owned on Pearl Harbor day, and reduces her to the four main islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoko. This would return her to the territorial status she held in 1854, when Commodore Perry introduced Japan to the modern world; (2) it forces Japan to pay limited reparations claims to the nations she damaged so badly in the war of 1941-4Asia, and thus gain the opporparticularly in south-eas- t commercial relations in her former coprosperity tunity to sphere; (3) it obligates Japan to abide by the purposes and principals of the United Nations charter in her intercourse with other nations; (4) it authorizes Japan to sign separate treaties with those countries that AILING PREMIER Dr. Modid not attend the conference, and gives her a choice of which China she hammed Mossadegh, premier of wishes to recognize Nationalist China or Communist China; (5) it gives Iran, ill in bed, tells Irans senate her an opportunity to regain the Ryukyu and Bonin islands, which include that his government will cancel the major U. S. military base at Okinawa, if she lives up to the terms of the residence permits of the the treaty and proves to be a reliable partner in the defense of the British o 1 1 technicians if the Pacific. British do not agree to reopen negotiations within two weeks. GERMAN TREATY Within the next few weeks, possibly days, people in the home towns can expect the announcement of a new treaty with West Germany much along the lines of the treaty given Japan. The treaty, taking the place of the present occupation statute imposed by the Allies, may offer: (1) Full sovereignty, with some security safeguard for the three powers the United States, Britain and France; (2) abolition of the three-powAllied high commission. It would be succeeded probably by a council of ambassadors; (3) a change in the status of the occupation troops to defense forces, responsible for helping safeguard Germany as well as Western Europe generally from Soviet aggression. Many observers believe West Germany is now ready to enter the western defense line-u- p against communism. The treaty will clear the way for West Germanys contribution to an European army. for any of these models. Similar advances on Oldsmobiles, Pontiacs and Chryslers could add from $100 to $150. 29, 1931 THE READER'S DATE BOOK SCANNING THE WEEK'S NEWS : SEPTEMBER 1-- 8. augurating one of the first Red Feather drives of 1951, Stanley Al-ly- n, Dayton, Ohio, national president Community Chests, receives 50 millionth watch manufactured at Elgin, IU., from Joyce Brockner. |