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Show THE JOURNAL Page 2 .VI AMERICA: WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Observers Report U. 8. Position in Korea Much Improved; in Fine Shape Farmers Rations Brannan Says Secretary As the Korean war went into the third month military observers were Wbra opinions ara inclined to comment "the picture (Editors Notoi In these eelomnt, they expressed re these of Western Newspsper has changed." And from available news analysts and net nse Unions information It seemed the Commuessarlly of this newspaper.) nists had lost the power to mount great offensives involving thousands of men. North Koreans launched one attack in force, its objective the city of Taegu, temporary capital of the South Korean republic and supply terminal for U. N. forces. It failed. In some of the bloodiest fighting of the war, U. S. and South Korean troops smashed the offensive, held Taegu, and then proceeded to smash bulges all along their lines. One of the most spectacular operations of the Korean battle was the concentrated air attack on an assembly area at Waegwan, involving 98 each loaded with 40 all purpose bombs. The load was dropped in a rectangle Vfx miles long and 3 Vi miles wide. General MacArthur, commander of United Nations forces, in a report to the security council said: The ground fighting continues to U.S. troops won victories on be of a most savage character." nearly all fronts in Korea darOur outnumbered forces face ah ing the eighth week of the conenemy with "almost fanatical deflict. The big Communist pash termination. The whole operation (1) on Taega from the north has assumed the character of a was driven back; South Korean major campaign." He went on to troops recaptured Pohang and ask for troops from other members Kigy (2); another bridgehead of the United Nations. (3) across the Naktong was To date the number accepted for beaten back; American forces action in Korea included Thailand flattened the bridgehead (4) in 4,000, the Philippines 5,000, Turkey the Yongsan area. 4,500, and the United Kingdom It will be several weeks before RAILROADS: they can be brought to battle. Military observers agreed that Strikes Close Steel the picture had changed, but added The brotherhood of railroad trainthat it will be a long and hard men and order of railway conducwinter in Korea." tors went on strike against three terminal railroads, disrupting sevPOLITICS: eral of the countrys steel arteries Election Crossfire in the midst of the Korean war. political However, with the steel industry The American picture cleared somewhat with one definite pressed to capacity to meet the munitions trend in the spotlight: the voter needs of the stepped-u- p faces a furious election year parti- program and the booming civilian san crossfire. The issue will be U.S. economy, many sources predicted that President Truman would seize foreign policy. in The bipartisanship foreign poli- the lines. The unions singled out key termicy as existed before the Korean war is a thing of the past. From now on nals in Louisville, St. Paul and Chivoters will hear charges and cago and Republic Steels switching rges on U. S. foreign policy terminal at Cleveland for the , first by congressional candidates. display of pressure. About 1,000 men This trend is indicated by recent walked out for five days. Approxi Republican attacks, the counter- mately 30,000 workers, including attacks by Democrats, and the steelworkers, were made idle. Presidents rebuke of Sen. KenNegotiations between manageneth S. Wherry of Neoraska, who ment and union representatives, said of Secretary of State Acheson: with presidential assistant John R. The blood of our boys in Korea is Steelman taking part, produced no on his shoulders, and no one else." progress in the first 24 hours. The next day President Truman Observers believed the govern denounced Wherrys remark as a ment would take drastic action becontemptible statement and beneath fore the situation deteriorated and comment." the nations vital steel These attacks are likely to con crippled tlnue and the fall election may turn into a foreign policy vote of confi CASUALTIES dence. Toll Is Heavy The shattering realities of the Korean conflict reached into many American homes as the conflict went into its third month. More than 2,600 families in the cities and small towns and on the farms of the nation have been notified of servicemen killed, wounded or missing in action. At the same time, a military spokesman said that Korean Com munists had lost 50,000 killed. But American and South Korean losses were nearly as heavy. During the- - first eight weeks 37,000 South Koreans had been listed as killed, wounded or miss New York's Mayor William lng, most of them casualties of the Is shown (center) ODwyer first two weeks fighting. The numwith Mexican ambassador to ber of American casualties did not the U.S., Rafael de la Collna include those of three weeks of the heaviest fighting when U.S. troops (left), and acting Secretary of State James E. Webb, shortly attacked on nearly every front. announced was It after North Korean casualties are reODwyer will resign his post as mayor ported to have been so heavy that of New York to accept an apthey have resorted to wholesale pointment as U.S. ambassaconscription of Korean men and ' women through 40 years of age. dor to Mexico. Victories B-2- 500-pou- 9s 7.-50- counter-cha- Ambassador nd 0. In a major speech at Carlisle, Indiana, Secretary of Agriculture Brannan asserted that the nations farmers are in fine shape" and took the opportunity to put in another plug for his farm plan. Said the secretary; "Even allowing for increases in military food requirements we expect to have enough food so that civilians can continue consuming as much as in the past two years. Farmers worried about possible economic controls of agriculture were reassured when the secretary said there are grounds for hope. that such controls can be postponed for considerable time or perhaps avoided entirely "unless the emergency becomes much worse. Talking up the Brannan plan, the secretary said we need a program which "solidly protects farm prices in case of a sudden slackening of demand yet "puts an abundance of milk, eggs, and other perishables in the hands of consumers at attractive prices. Brannan added that the present price supprogram of sliding-scal- e on some to assure fail support ports commodities most of the important and offers no incentive for necessary production shifts. WHEAT: American 33-year-- electrical engineer, who fled to Mexico when the F.B.I. began nab-)insuspects in the Klaus Fuchs spy ring, had been arrested and charged with passing defense secrets to Russia. Identified as Morton Sobell, he was the eighth American rounded up and charged with passing defense secrets to Russia. F.B.I. officials said he is a radar expert. g During World War II, Sobell was a navy 'civilian engineer in the General Electric radar section, then working on . highly secret projects. He was employed from . 1942 to 1947. He faces a possible death penalty, since the espionage conspiracy with which he is charged occurred during wartime. Sobells parents live in the Bronx. They are Russians, and now naturalized American citizens. J. Edgar Hoover, F.B.I. director, said the engineer fled to Mexico June 22 to escape arrest. PEACE: Still Hope The belief that there is still hope for peace, perhaps for only a short time, but still respite from worldThere Is wide war, is growing in many quarters. The hope is not one for permanent peace, but one of time, based om the belief in high diplomatic circles that the Russians are war at the not ready for all-omoment. Diplomatic circles call it the "calculated risk of war or peace. It is based on three major as' , sumptions: (1) Russia fears the effects of American atom bomb attacks. (2) Russia does not possess an adequate . stock pile of atomic bombs. ut Highest Level llie agricultural department has fixed price supports for 1951 wheat at the same level as the 1950 crop 90 per cent of parity. The department said 72,800,000 acres of wheat may be planted. If yields are average, this acreage would produce 1,150,000,000 bushels. This years crop is estimated at 996,000,000 bushels. In fixing the wheat support at the highest possible level. Secretary of Agriculture Brannan said: ' "In view of the world situation, it is imperative that our supply of bread grains be maintained in strong position.' Ample supplies will be a major factor in assuring reasonable food prices to consumers and our ability to meet our international food obligations. "We believe the and programs have been developed to protect the interests of both producers and con sumers. The price support announcement had been expected, since Brannan is required by law to announce supports in advance of planting; winter wheat planting starts this month. Only farmers who keep within acreage-allotmelimits can get price supports. wheat-productio- n price-suppo- rt nt HOME-FRON- A stocky (3) Russias industrial potential is still too weak in comparison with that of the western allies to risk a major conflict. The first two of the assumptions are, of course, mere guess work. But there are statistics to back up the third. For instance, Americas steel to . is expected production for exceed 71 million tons. Great Britain will produce around 16 million tons and the rest of western Europe approximately 24 million tons. Thus, the allies will produce a total of 111 million tons, compared with Russias 22 million. , Russia also lags in the production of oil, another of the top essentials for war. Russian production this 1950 year will amount to about lion tons. On the other hand western Europe and the United States are expected to produce 415 mil33 mil- lion ton's. On these f assumptions western Europe is planning a T: three-yea- r rearming program. If the program Mobilization Bill is successful peace may be proThe senate, by a vote of 85 to 3, longed, but the world will be dipassed a home-fromobilization vided into two great armed camps. bill which would give President nt Truman power to invoke wage controls and other curbs at any time. The bill then went to a senate-hous- e conference for the ironing out of differences between the sen ate measure and the bill passed earlier by the house. In one point the bill was a defeat for the administration since it di rected the President to put wage and price controls into effect simul taneously and virtually across the board if he invoked them at all. The President has maintained he sees no need of wage-pric- e curbs or rationing at this time. Further, the administration requested authority to control commodity speculation, but neither the house or sen ate versions contain such Both bills contain an authority. ing provision prohibiting the ac cumulation ot excessive supplies goods designed as scarce. The administration another setback in that suffered its plea for retention of the provision which would let the President fix controls on selected commodities meat, for example in advance of any genera controls program, was defeated. price-rationinanti-inflatio- An9fy People Americans bav evasive tactics 51111 Prists anti-hoar- d' uebl, Such in the I erase American, the increasing nurY,v "S indie. national leader, d' the United Nations Soviet dtaioc. ,ernaadfyj " a rguments in The Why not expel the the people in the America wanted to knl, to JH Malik, tinM. .2Wlllk. suiier hi, I In answer to ren Austin, U.S. chRte,,:! the United Nations Lh TM lowing statement: "Our objective is near. ) not find peace by i-throwing H ' peace! "We must be firm e bJ Pies. We must be must also be patient In the United Nations, v keep trying to convince Mr in our stroT and his government of their erP and of our peaceful intent Through the United NatioW reach the peoples of the Sort! Union and of other countriet "It is not the people, it jjr ruling circles that we encoc? here. That creates a force of? lie opinion, backed by monlV thority that opposes aggrtub1 and even the Soviet dictatorJ cannot ignore such a to is a strain for us the deceit that the spokesman has T force. "It to lb I poured out truth will better for prevail. Meanwhile, 1 diplomats to get neir indigestion than for young mal 1 get shot. That, Americans straight talk and agreed, to their likk; LIVING COSTS: Up 1.4 Per Cent The bureau of labor statistics ported the governments cod cent living index rose 1.4 per the month ended July 15. The rise was from 170.2 per level on June li of the 1935-3of 172.5 per cent, an increase 1 percentage points. The new figure was the hip. A since October, 1948. the The bureau reported increase in the prices of Bp fresh fruits, and vegetables 9 I followed the outbreak of theLj fcP ean war The increase gave employ) cents mT, General Motors a five h union wage increase. The the company is W costthe fluctuation of the index. L The actual the helped boost eer-wit- cost-of-livi- the index todica oMhe ever, since much has living costs J er than todays since July INTELLIGENCE: 15. Johnson g n ft by diplomats. That Headed by Smith Lt. Gen. Walter Bedell Smith, former ambassador to Moscow, was named by President Truman as director of central intelligence. He will succeed Rear Adm. Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter "around the end of September. The agencys job Is to gather and analyze reports from diplomatic, military and all other sources. Some members of congress were not surprised by Smiths There had been demands in congress for a shake-u- p of the agency since the Korean war. Some legislators contended the United' States d was caught by the invasion of South Korea by Communist . troops. General Smith, now 54, has had a long military career, which includes service as chief of 'staff to Gen. Dwight Eisenhower in World War II. Later he became ambassador at Moscow. Upon his return to this country he was given command of the First army on Governors Island at New York. flat-foote- , i Defense Secre conf son (rIght), Tom Con S B . relau foreignhM Johnson creased attack .tf T ps |