Show PEDAGOGIC ITEMS AND HINTS 1 I THE CHILD 18 THE FATHER OF THE MAN impressions received in infancy are lasting laati nr tue influence you have received in the dawn of your mortal existence bear to this day with the greatest weight upon pon your mind it is the experience of people generalli generally general ll that what they chev imbibe from the their r mothers in infancy is the most lasting upon the character through life tilis this is natural it is reasonable it to is right I 1 do not suppose you can and and one person among flye five hundred who does t nis his mother to 10 oe be the me best wo woman it that ever lived this is right it to is planted in the human heart the child reposes implicit confidence in the mother you behold in him a natural attachment lao matter what her appearance pe Ve arance may be that makes him think his hi mother is the best beat and handsomest mother in the world children have all confidence in their mothers and if bothers with take proper pro per pains they can idsall into toe the he hearts arts of the chil aroa what they please we read in the book of mormon of two thousand young men who were brought up to believe that thai it they put their whole trust in god and served him no power would overcome them thel they had bad laitin that they should never fall all in battle because their mothers told them so they went out to right fight and so bold were they and me mighty their faith that it was impossible for their enemies to stay them although there was very much ot of their blood shed abed yet none of them fell that was the result of proper er instructions being given them by their heir mothers this power and faith they the obtained through the teachings of thear their mothers and two thousand of those young men were more worth than a hundred thousand not raised as they were let mothers teach their children as T those two thousand young men were taught then indeed the character of a person is formed through life jile to a greater or less degree by the teachings of the mother the traits of early I 1 impression in that she gives the child will be characteristic points in his character through every avenue ot of his bis mortal existence it has beyn hinted that education commences with the if first rat dawn of knowledge upon the mental faculties of the child and continues with it till death but I 1 will trace it a little further back still and say y that education commences wim the mother and the child in it depends in a great degree upon the mother as to what in early age of principle of every description pertaining to all that can be learned by the human family but I 1 can see mothers pay attention to everything under heaven but the training up of their children in the way they should go I 1 can see sea the mothers go off visiting riding on horseback attending parties while their little ones are neglected and left to run ran at large in the streets exposed to the pernicious examples of vile company they will even make it appear obligatory on the father to take care of the childs education from the beginning but it the children do not receive impressions pres of true piety virtue tenderness 11 1 and every principle of the holy gospel 1 p el it is sure that their sins will not be required at the hands of the father but of the mother the duty of the mother is to watch over her children and give them their early education if children are not taught by their mothers in the lays days of their in infantine fautine youth to revere and follow the counsels of their lathers fathers it will be hard indeed for fur the lathers fathers ever to control them others mothers will let their children go to the bad in their childhood and when they are old enough to come under the immediate guidance ul bauce of their father to learn some find kind of mechanism they are as ancon tro lable as the winds that revel in the mountains let education begin at this let mothers commence to teach their children while in their laps japs thereto there to teach them to love the LOTA lord and keep his commandments teach them to keep the mothers commandments mand ments and you will ivill teach them to keep the commandments of bour husbands teach them righteousness irom from their infancy if it you will raise them up in the way of the lord as it is spoken of in the book of mormon all education of little children by their mothers must be govern med by moderation it has been I 1 ingeniously a ly said by a philosopher P 11 e r that from its position in the solar 1 r system neither too close nor too far removed from the centre of light and heat beat moderation would seem to be the peculiar virtue appropriate to oure ou reano arta 11 moderation is the moral guage age the moral regulator and should be resident president of the debating society of the passions propensities sentiments and virtues moderation is to the emart what reason is to the head moderation is precisely rec isely that hair line erroneously said saad to be invisible that divides the right from the wrong good irom from evil and virtue virttie from vice for bee aft you ton train your child to be courageous lAge ous courage to is a good thing but carried beyond the bounds of moderation it becomes rash rashness Reas which is a bad tiling thing cautiousness is also rood good but beyond moderation it becomes cowardice which is bad liberality in the other side sida of the line of moderation is prodigality even religion coety which is most abst excellent treichel etched ched beyond the line of moderation becomes fanaticism superstition which is anything but worship suj and leonor to the sho octor I 1 can CAB quote scripture for that be ye not righteous over much very often mothers bring much evil over their little children by subjecting them before they can understand it to the ca prices of the mothers impaired pal rebil intellect excited by a nervous and billions us temperament by these means the sentiment of the children towards the mother will form a singular and most exasperating affection and anger it I 1 it not of positive love and hatred I 1 have seen a mother take a child into favor f for or weeks and just as it was growing confident and easy in her affections she would throw it off wit wi bouta cause and treat it with other weeks the childs feeling would first be a mixed aled emotion of sorrow and auser anger and that would subside into a cold dislike fostered by the mothers unkind mauner manner and then just as it was getting to hate her comfortably feeling quite justified in ia entertaining the sentiment and quite independent in consequence lo 10 and behold some unexpected and as it would seem to the child some undeserved act of kindness or tenderness would melt the iceberg in its bosom and aad it would weep in very impenitence for all checol the coldness I 1 ness it had bad felt and shown so the uneven temper of the mother will form the child character full ot caprice for the future life and make it unhappy for itself as well as a burden to others in our next article we will throw some light on the consequences of partiality in early education and of remarks on personal qualities of children made in their hearing bearing some years ago I 1 was nearly a daily guest in a french family of relations of mine there were two children who attracted considerable attention from the visitors and the striking contrast of their persons manners and characters was noted and commented upon in their presence the winning beauty and sweet confiding sociability of the fair agnes and the wild shy reserve of tile the dark teonie leonie were compared and sagely commented upon noon and conclusions disparaging to leonle leonie drawn by these superficial critics who did no understand her indeed the contrast between these two children was so striking that they were never passed by strangers or servants without some such remark as this agnes is beautiful lovely lovvie but bat that 0 otner child is very homely and her mother was foolish enough to be proud of agnes and to neglect leonle leonie showing these two budding girls a very marked and resentful partiality it to is very wrong to make remarks on the personal beauty or ugliness of children in their hearing the effect is invariably injurious it if is highly reprehensible to draw invidious comparisons pari sons between the beauty of children especially before their laces faces and display an undue bias or fondness for one of them this thoughtlessness is fraught with the direst consequences when that french mother said so carelessly in their presence that agnes is prettier than leonie and looked at agnes as though her accidental beauty was a virtue and looked at leonle leonie as though she was in fault she dropped into the fertile soll flail of the childrens hearts the seeds of evil the seeds of vanity in the heart of agnes and seeds of envy into that of leonie and the germ of discord into both upon agnes and leonle leonie these thoughtless remarks were pro producing ducin the worst effects agnes loved petted and praised by the familathe tam fam ilythe servants the visitor all her gentleness and sweetness sweet nese was growing vain selfish and sensual upon leonie too these influences were producing the worst effects jealousy and suspicion of the few she loved scorn and contempt for the opinions of others neglect of her person as little worthy of attention and a morbid desire to be loved exclusively these were some of the evil fruits of this careless education the evil influence of such partiality ana bias threatened to lall jail on all the childrens afterlife after life some of the most serious defects in their characters some of the deplorable errors in their conduct and the most dreadful misfortune of their lives might be traced back to such injudicious careless treatment of the children on the part of their parents and to the capricious blame baine or praise of those to whose care or neglect they are so much left when I 1 recollect the strong and decided bias blas given in childhood to my own character b by people and circumstances over w which ich I 1 had biad no sort of control and against whose evil influence I 1 could make no sort of resistance when I 1 suffer by the effect ot of impressions received in infancy which neither time reason nor religion have been able to efface which only sorrow could impair by bruising the tablet knowing as I 1 know the tender impressibility r t of infancy feeling as I 1 fe leel e the indelibility of such impressions I 1 tremble for that reason for influences that they may surround your young children aye even for the chance word dropped by stranger lips and heard by infant ears for that word may may be a fruit fruitful fal seed that shall spring up into a healthful vine 0 or a tree twenty years after it is sown infancy is a fair page upon which you may write goodness happiness heaven or sin misery hell lien and the words once written no chemical art can erase them the substance of toe the paper itself must be rubbed through by the file ot of suffering before the writ ing can be effaced Is i the soft metal in the hands bands he may shape it in the image of a fiend or the form of an an geland when finished the statue hok ideas lute into rock which noobar but the hammer bammer of gods providence con can break nothing but the fire of gods providence can melt for re children are born with trust the confidingness of children is proverbial but like all ail other childish instincts it is oung and delicate and easily crushed to death b by the parents partiality children beel feel before they can reason and the impressions of childhood being well nigh niRh ineffaceable the child deceived and betrayed by undue bias is often parent to the sceptical and scoffing man or woman as there is springing in its childish bosom the germ of teat doubt of all things and all persons that in after life becomes a fatal trait in its character seeds of evil once taking takina root in childrens hearts are almost ineradicable GODFREY HESSEL PEDAGOGIC ITEMS AND HINTS 2 kindergarten every mother who studies the nature of her children and I 1 wonder if there is any mother even among the lowest minded and most savage nations or tribes who doea dods not involuntarily and daily watch the unfolding and disclosure of all the distinguishing properties of her infants will 1 I have no doubt agree with me when I 1 say that one of the great characteristics in children to ie restlessness restlessness of the body delight in mere motion of the limbs the tiny hands and feet the chubby abby ubby arms and legs are in perpetual unsettled settle ct agitation the rolling dear unconscious eyes find great pleasure in wandering all around and looking at their dainty fingers and toes they discover by and by tuat these members belong to their own body they laugh and coo and cry and scream they begin begia to creep to walk to run and develop soon a restlessness of the mind a constant curiosity about whatever comes within aliv th range of their senses and especially a desire to examine with their hands every unknown object within reach particularly you ion will note with all children a fo fondness for using their hands and they are delighted not merely in examining by touch but ilso also in altering whatever they gan ean alter and further that they endeavor to imitate known forms whether by drawing or by modeling in putty or clay so we can say and see that the mental digestion of the young is naturally very energetic in their restlessness ot of mind heir hear a child besieging those about it with its endless why and how and wonder at the blindness of men who think that it suffices to reply to those questions with because I 1 say it and As I 1 say the spirit of reet restless less independent research ofena of end leya less inquiry and comparison leading to innumerable shrewd little conclusions is the process of digestion in the childs mina this combative aud and argumentative temper of the boy and gif to ao prompt tu to ruwart all that teat Is ia presented resented to ills t is a sign align of healthy changet in th ebrain not to be checked as tre presumptuous sumptuous challenging of the of elders but to b bu encouraged lacour fredasa as a means of building up the suong life oi of mind it is wrong when is amill s this habit of constant questioning by the young children is of often ten tor forcibly cloTy repressed because it becomes so go direct and searching or so wide in it its range oringe that the elder to whom ap peat is made if it be bis rule or her rule fairly to meet every inquiry in i may many times a day have no better reply than 1 I dont know the great bacon speaking of education said that the gardener bestows bestons toe the greatest care on the young oung plants buethe but the so called ance left the theory of education so firmly axed on the mind of europe euro p e that t at for r two hundred years the de developing V elo in theory of education could bar hardly d ay get et a 1 bearin gand little was done to I 1 introduce uce aitto practice before the attempt of ozal he and uther ether great thinkers notably attached pack importance to the first year of life looked to the mother as the sole educator but in the case of the poor the mother mi might ht not have time to attend to her children he therefore was ii the first teacher of modern times wao ho systematized infant schools and bethe the early pare parc of the pt besent century bis sly stem improved and developed by late writers reached its culminating point oberlin formed day asylums jor or young children the benefit of whish wasi was intended no less for the mother yn an S t the he child infant schools were established b dahedl throughout great britain aad th the e continent of europe and in every considerable town iown of the united states institutions of this kind took in the netherlands the name of play schools but it was found after a lew few zears years experience that |