| Show alu all the THE ART OP OF MAKING BuTT BUTTER imn tn in response to numerous inquiries before the american institute farmers club in regard to making prime butter mr todd gave the following information many producers of butter make a grave mistake which deprives them of a large abom amount of clear cash by supposing that the products of their dairy will return as much profit when the butter is made in such a careless manner that it resembles a cross between mutton tallow and lard rather than gilt edged butter thousands Thou thousands of tubs and firkins of butter strong enough to perambulate the city are sold from ten to fifteen cents per pound whereas by exercising a little care and neatness and adding the pro proper quantity of salt every pound would would have brought thirty or thirty five cents the loss has to be sustained by the producers thousands of hardworking hard working females who grind out their dimes by irksome drudgery could save two or three dollars per every hours service when making butter by simply spending inck a few minutes more than they have hitherto done in managing their milk cream and butter with extra care it is the scrupulous neatness in washing milk palls and pans in the management of the cream in churning and packing butter that secures an article that will pass for prime gilt edged butter which always commands a remunerative price whether it is made in orange Coun county or on the prairies of kansas I 1 wish to impress on those butter producers who always complain of low prices the eminent importance of observing only a few things which will enable them to make an article which may be forwarded directly to any of our fashionable hotels where every pound will command th the highest price 1 that every milk pall pali pany pan churn and butter evert eveir bow bowl are cleaned with boiling hot water as often as they are used 2 see that the udders adders of the cows and hands of the are as clean as pure water will make them before an atomon milk Is drawn 3 provide a clean place for the pans while the cream is rising where the pure urd breezes from the green fields may E low blow into the window over the cream and out at an opposite opening good butter can never be made in a filthy apartment where there is offensive effluvia arising from anything no matter what 4 cream ought to be churned every day yet if one can provide a clean corner in a cellar or milk room clean and cool of and keep the cream pall pail on a clean piece bece leee of flagstone he can make superior rutter butter by churning twice per week provided the temperature of the cream is maintained M from day to day about sixty fahrenheit 5 always skim bhim the milk soon after the cream has risen thousands of barrels of cream are ruined for making gilt edged butter by not skimming the milk soon after the cream has risen the sooner the cream is removed after it has risen the better the butter will be milk which should be skimmed at evening is frequently left till tilt morning when the cream will be injured to such sueh an extent that gilt edged butter cannot be made from it at all neither will it make as manz many pounds as if it had been skimmed att at the proper time 6 let the churning be done by a person whose hands bands and clothes are as clean and as sweet as a blossom of red clover and let the the churning be continued until the butter has come itis llis ruinous to the butter to put cream in the churn as is sometimes done and churn rapidly for fora forn a minute or two every hour in the day then in the evening all take hold in turn and keep the cream dashing and splashing pl ashing until midnight if the cream is properly managed butter will always come beautifully in less than half an hour 7 the butter should be worked and thoroughly thoroughly salted soon after it is churned T there thero ere is but little danger of salting too much one ounce per pound is not enough for butter that is to be shipped any considerable distance it is ruinous to the grain of butter to throw it into a dishpan dish pan and knead it with the hands the best instrument for working out the buttermilk is anything that will cut deep gashes in the butter inta which the buttermilk will flow the next day after churning the butter should be worked again and packed beware of working butter too much A great many persons continue to work and knead their butter to its injury after the buttermilk Is removed thinking thin uri urk that all the crystal tear drops which are not buttermilk must be worked out 8 thousands of tubs and firkins are ar received in the new now york market con what was once prime gilt edged butter but which was spoiled by being packed before the tubs had bad been properly y prepared by being soaked in brine for the sake of saving three cents worth of salt for preparing a strong brine in which to soak a firkin two or three days many a frugal housewife has been obliged to accept half the price of prime butter simply because the staves were not saturated with brine before the butter was packed MAKING VINEGAR I 1 noticed an inquiry how to make cider vinegar without the use of chemicals or drugs my bly way is simply to tear brown paper into strips of eight or ten inches long and four or five in width dip them into west india molasses so that both sides shall be covered to three gallons of cider eider I 1 put six of these pieces and set the jug where it will keep almost milk warm for about ten days you will have good sharp vinegar that will keep the paper saturated with the molasses will form a mother and a piece of it put into sweetened water makes a nice vinegar plant that will grow rapidly aud and keep a supply of very good vinegar if kept in a warm place FARMERS WIFE country gentleman ORCHARD GRASS the practical farmer says we have found one field the soil being in high condition where there was a heavier growth of orchard grass and clover than we had almost ever seen of any kind of grass it had been sown thick had so nin fin and broad a leaf with such a dense mass of it all standing beautifully that we did not recognize it at nir fir first stand and it required closer examination to satisfy us orchard grass and clover ripen well together and on this field there could not have been less than two and a half tons to the acre we have always valued this and clover as a good mixture for hay bay and pasture on good ground and when sown at the tho rate of two bushels to the acre we consider it a far better mixture than clover and timothy no grass recovers so rapidly after close cutting or feeding down john hare powell used to say of orchard grass after growing it for ten years that it produces more pasturage than any other he lle had seen in america and on being fed very close that it produced good pasture after being five days at rest 11 the temperature it is with more than usual pleasure that we announce a change in the temperature pera ture and the prevalence of a cool light breeze that make earth endurable and labor possible for two months this planet of ours has been passing through a fiery burnece fur nece the sun has chonel through all the daya days days daya like a great ball of fire and the air itself has bas seemed incandescent we have had bad rains but the bath was a warm one winds but they were wafted wafred from an oven the oldest inhabitant after refreshing his memory and consulting his hib weather record has haa admitted that he be never baw saw the like before an admission the old gentle man is not in the habit of making and therefore all the more important ye ve 9 elation hag bag been parched and all nature has buffered suffered rhe rho only redeeming feature of the at season ason abon has been that its very beat has compelled the overtaxed over taxed business man the politician and even the journalist to quit the precincts of the city for the country and the seaside often only for a day but even that was twenty four hours houra of honest wholesome enjoyment and leave their cares careb and work behind but now the mercury has gone down and life is once more a blessing and we have something to tobe lobe be thankful and to live for our 7 philadelphia prem frees A week of weather last week was as notable as any in the experience of this quarter of new now En england gland giand we venture to say that very few would wish to pass through a like experience again even could they feel assured that they would have a safe deliverance every day through the week it rained and every day there were imposing demonstrations of an electrical character tuesday brought down a copious rhower shower to drench everything but wednesday followed it with such spouts of watery discharges charges ii and such terrific and appalling accompaniments of electricity as never were wit witnessed d during an entire lifetime in this or any other latitude the evening thunder storm of wednesday was one of the atmospheric sovereigns of its kind but that which came up with such a rush and roar of wrathful energy at midnight was the crowning and culmination of all similar phenomena it is if saying little littie to describe it as aa terrific impressive and overwhelming wh wb elming with the consternation it produced it was a perfect king of ter a very demon of power let jet loose a giant of wild energy that seemed to delight in the havoc or of iam it exercise no one will forget ita its visit while he be lives the clouds cloude came up out of the distant southwest pealing forth their thunderous salutes one after another with fearful rapidity and nih fie flushing shing their blinding through the sky with all the reea reca ness nebs of a spirit of destruction the unbroken succession of electrical dib din charges was like the incessant reports of whole parks of artillery and abd so near as aa to tear their very echoes to tatters before they reached the startled ear the lenued and darted and play played edwith with the fiercest fierce bt illumination and human dwellie gs ga were kept in a constant blaze of tire throughout their interior an entire population sprang parang affrighted from their beds the alarm guns gunst bat hat were pealing and ersh arsh ing with such rapidity through the sky struck every one dumb with terror none regarded the torrents of rain that accompanied these terrific demon demou stra eions their thoughts absorbed with the effect of the unparalleled electrical displays s for an hour there was universal bonste consternation nation and for another hour the strove hard to regain their self control in every breast while the east was a field on which the still continued to play with the fiercest joy over their freedom one by one the stars came peeping out oui la in the west and even an aurora flais flashed hed up its evanescent waves of light in wild rivalry af the scene just enacted not until mornings dawn were people able to compose their feelings after the most impressive night ever passed boston Mass achus tte its ploughman august 24 restoring the equilibrium the exceedingly hot weather of this summer not only throughout this country but in europe as well has excited general remark both in private conversations lations and in the public journals the heat beat has been severe indeed but there is nothing surprising in it to those who give the subject a little thoughtful attention it is a well established fact long since accepted in circles that the mean temperature tempera ture tuie of given zones or r sections of a continent is bially the same counting through a certain fixed period of time ten teti years used to be considered the shortest term in which such average could be satisfactorily established buu but it Is now conceded by many scientists that five years constitute a sufficiently long period to furnish all the data decet bary sary for illustrating the theon theory and not in a bw bold boid that a comparison of one oue year with another is all that la is needed d to demor demoi demonstrate istrate the principle it follows therefore in order to restore the equilibrium of temperature for fur a given period that a term of severe coldness must be followed by one of extreme heat hest there is ground also for the opinion thal that the winter beason is the initial point and that a very cold winter to is almost bure sure to be followed by a very hot summer rather than the reverse by the same rule I 1 it a mild winter is likely to be succeeded succeed ed by a mild summer the equilibrium not being disturbed very greatly in the latter case by the unusually low temperature in winter the reader will re remember member for instance that the winter of 1870 71 was one of ordinary coldness that the average heator heat beat of last rummer summer was not very severe on the other hand hano last winter was one of re ee verity in all parts of the country and this summer in oon con consonance with the rule the complaints of excessive beat co come me from every quarter nothing extraordinary about it nature is only restoring the equilibrium which the terrible freezes of last winter so effee lually disturbed jn in other words she is striking the average to use a common expression and as next winter may be mild or a savere so BO is the following summer pretty certain likely to be pleasant or uncomfortably hot As intimated above the results of yearly comparisons are not so complete as to give the theory in regard to them the standing of a nixed fixed law of nature but at any rate the subject is worthy the attention of those curious in such matters and those who have doubts in regard to it can easily have them dispelled or strengthened by observations in future washington star |
