Show e--0 Bigger Isn't Better lalt gala- g qjibunt Saturday Morning April First Section 12 - -- t-s- ' 4 ''' '!''' NATO Enters 21st Year - 1 : titi--- r E ' :t ' rr r - 2(507e7i 1 '''' r 'A '' ttidt44 4r t the play away the big meeting in Washington narking the 20th anniversary of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization by Moscow tried to take - - 6 1 statement repeating issuing a 2000-worall its tiresome charges against the Western alliance Moscow also emphasized one of the great changes that have taken place in the past two decades by sendiig seven ships from the Soviet northern fleet into the Mediterranean to reinforce the 30 naval vessels aLeady there When NATO was born the Soviet Union was primarily a land power and its relatively few warships seldom ventured far from home waters NATO itself has undergone profound changes President de Gaulle made member which is France a still in NATO but not very far Now Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada is talking of phasing Out part of his country's overseas commitment However these are minor mailers when the NATO of 1949 and the NATO of 1969 are compared When NATO wLs set up western Europe was weak the Soviet Union was strong but the United States was the only atomic power Thus NATO military forces were intended as a tripwire in the event the Russians mounted a sudden offensive Today the Soviet Union is a major nuclear power the tripwire theory has lost its validity and NATO emphasizes the flexible response Clearly as NATO begins its 213t year a new approach is in order President Nixon has just offered a new approach of a somewhat different na d free-wheeli- A Question of Values The clash of public purposes is a common occurrence as urban development grows This is perfectly demonstrated in the current controversy over locating an enlarged post office branch in Salt Lake City Claiming justification based on accumulated complaints local post office authorities decided four years ago to replace its Zone 8 station in the Foothill Village Shopping Center The facility was judged too small to handle the growing volume of patrons Besides nearby residents and shopping center merchants complained about parking space monopolized by station employes All of these problems became insufferable during peak periods especially at Christmas After considering several alternate locations the department selected a two-acr- e site at Sunnyside Ave and Foothill Drive A more convenient and adequate branch building suitably landscaped with ample parking accommodations was to be constructed there It would have added advantages of being closer to the University of Utah the Veterans' hospital and the intended U of U research park But it also would be across the street from a residential neighborhood whose residents vigorously objected charging potential property value loss As a result the City a its original approval of post office plans which had also been approved by the City Planning and Zoning Department Post office spokesmen say they were trying to provide the standard of service demanded and expected by the 20000 people in Zone 8 The City Commission is attempting to protect residents against of property unnecessary impairment rights The city has proposed at least two alternative branch sites both of which the post office previously considered and rejected as being inferior Either changes in attitude or a compromise are in order The regional post office in Denver originally assisted local post office personnel with replacement plans Under the circumstances it would be appropriate for postal authorities in Washington to conduct a complete review now In the meantime city officials should determine what future zoning policy will apply to the Sunnyside property in question Although the land is federally owned the post office submitted its plans for city examination and the first answer would encourage commercial type development Would a post office branch be worse than say a laboratory? The conflict is a study in contradictions but it needs to be reconciled Commission lifted Back From Brink of Chaos Nearly three years after Mao launched the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution he is still working on the problem of preserving the ideological purity of the Chinese Communist Party But he is taking a 110W approach Youthful Red Guards no longer rarnpa7e through the streets Instead the emphasis is on constitut ionalism A party congress the first in a dozen years is in session in Peking with Maoists in control But according to China watchers it is not a rubbcrstamp congress Meetings are held in the strictest secrecy an indication heated debates are going on Tse-tun- g and that the venerable chairman may not get everything he wants Mao sent the congress a draft constitution which will probably be approved The designation of Defense Minister Lin Piao as Mao's heir was a foregone conclusion However the question of secondary leadership is just as important because that is where the power of direction of party and government lies The constitution will establish a new party secretariat with due emphasis given the need for keeping "careerists plotters and two-facepersons" from usurping A 7:1 4 r - :1 ) s 4 t ----: - -: -4‘ - 1 -- i V I VI& '' isi ' IV t4 7c7i— i soo-- e ' i'''-)'- '' '''N 14-- ' It ' :114 Ltr ' 4 '77 1 V V A— N r " Nii l' IA N t "') ''' I 'N çIN N :it :f ' -t E 4s '141 is '4— NI' ‘- - kft "You can't live here to a - 44?:1 4sqr ) 4410 '''' ''" '4 -' " ' Ne t M:SS1LE SITE 7g1V -- ' Protectod by ABM l ' le MINUTEMAN Z -- You city" - ' 4z have to 4& I i ‘11S go back :' A 4474 -- ft 1 It 1' rk leadership These are phrases the Maoists used in purging their enemies during the past three years And since none of those ill disfavor — of among them the old Central Committee — are attending the Congress Mao obviously scored a victory The army also appears to have done veil since at least 60 g military officers have been identified as congress delegates After the congress adjourns a carefully worded announcement of what IVPQ done Nvill be released But it will only give hints as to China's future course The country was brought to the verge of chaos and perhaps civil war by the violence of the cultural revolution The job of mbuilding both nation and party is a formidable one for it means undoing the damage Mao has caused while taking full advantage of the potent magic of his high-rankin- name The regime that emerges under De- fense Minister Lin is likely to be run by the military The Japanese have invented a television set that can 143 hung on the wall like a picture It soulds alm3st like a window only less interesting 1 :l - :1 - N - f 40- mir t DV IND '0- il(41( i 4 7---'- - - e- 't1 'r 1 ::1:::::11 - - -- ' 1 4 - PRoGgAhk- ‘i -- dr :et 2 ''''40 - 40 ' - 07'i‘- ' ')5 r- tik 1 -- !4 '' - 1 - J - : iAr J T s A it '''4''''''-'744:'1'-i- x ) M ' -i i! i - IV14 :1' leitibe7 1 PbvE TIV r '- 4111 ) ''''''' " 0'''' '111' I 4 0 - k ' - fe 1 4 ' ': A a : I : IT' 11 woe - 111420"10116 dra"4 (AOAD4604‘ 7 OW '1 tvg 14 Inb" S"d" 'We had to fly the heart transplant donor in from Chicago or was it Los Angeles?' The Public Forum Cruel Knowledge Editor Tribune: There are so many antiwar demonstrations and such a loud cry for "peace" and "love" I think it is time someone told it like it is I am 18 have one child and my husband is a fighting man in Vietnam This is his third tour of duty and both times he was over before he was wounded This is all really inconsequential but I just wanted to let those reading this know that I would have as much right and provocation as the next person to want peace People that take part in these senseless demonstrations seem to me like a bunch of heartless zombies Are we to leave the Vietnamese people to their fate? Peace to the antiwar fanatics is pulling out of Vietnam and just keeping out of world affairs that may involve a conflict Anyone that thinks because we withdraw to our own country and chant "peace" and "love" that other aggressive countries will leave us alone to "do our own thing:" is living in a dream The cruelest part of this war for my husband is the knowledge that as eaca battle is won and as buddies' die in fighting against a vicious enemy back home he is called a murderer and longhaired draft-car- d burning idiots chant "up with Ho Chi Minh" "peace" and "love" as they fight with the 4 By Our Readers 4 when the war begins on an unclear foundation as the present one seems to have 'The problem with the type of war being waged now is that being unsure of the objectives it is next to impossiole to tell when either side wins or loses as no one seems to know for sure what the conflict is all about There are enough worthwhile causes to fight for if one really wants to fight so it seems a pity to spend the lives and productive capacity of our nation on unclear or at least undeclared vb'orthwhile objectives MERRILL IL GLENN JR MRS K MANGUM Murray What For? Editor Tribune: I am writing concerning the raid near the Old Mill last Saturday night I question the necessity of 50 officers taking part in an ostentatious planned raid in order to make a few arrests on minor charges I also question whether it was necessary for these people picked up on curfew violations and Illegal possession of alcohol charges to be treated as they were In one case a person did not know what he was charged with until the following morning Several others were not allowed to make one phone call to their parents until the following morning I was one of the 552 people there doing nothing illegal and I did not find the atmonfit for sphere unhealthy degrading or young people am wondering what thp porpoqe of this raid was To harass the young people of the city and the management of the Old Mill to close down just one more place trying to provide somewhere for young people to go other than State Street? Or was there another reason even less praiseworthy for this "raid"? SUE POEIILING No Compitrison Editor Tribune: In regards to Dr Max Rafferty's column of April 6 I must say Dr Rafferty when it comes to jackassery you the Supreme Court by a huge margin It's too bad this country doesn't have a ministry of propaganda Dr Rafferty would be a great choice for a position such as that Its unfortunate that the good people of California didn't see fit to send Dr Rafferty to the US Senate In not doing so they deprived the rest of the country of seeing this great tran in action every day There are no humor:sts today which could have compared with Max Rafferty senator mrrolELL WILLIAMS Pointless War Editor Tribune: One reason thV the peace talks in Paris are so slow to show'progress is that mast of the participating parties do not know for sure why they are engaged in the battle Not knowing why they are there makes it difficult to determine why they should get out or what is to be gained by any given proposal presented Therefore I propose that all parties forget their silly pride and shut things down for the sake of preventing air sea land and character pollution if an appeal to stopping wholesale slaughter fails to spur them on to a settlement Most wars tend to become rather pointless after a whhe even if you start out with a valid cause and this trend Is compounded k land-base- I Deadly Weed anti-Vietna- police By Frank Mankiewicz and Torn Braden WASHINGTON — Even so reasonable a man as Secretary of State William Rogers has apparently been taken in by the Pentag gon's propagandists on the subject of the SS9 or Soviet supermissile as It is now being called The belief of too many Americans that "bigger is better" is helpful to Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird and the generals in the campaign to make the SS9 into a new and frightening reason why we should spend $6 to $7 billion -- - for openers — on an ABM system There is no doubt the SS9 is big Secretary Rogers at his recent press conference referred to it as a missile This is a far higher estimate than that made by the CIA which estimates it to have a warhead capacity of 5 megatons But there is no need to argue the point of size Probably the SS9 has a bigger warhead than anything the United States deploys — and it is still far too small to knock out more than one ICBM site of which we have 1054 Can't Destroy System The fact is that th4e SS9 is not a first-strik- e weapon no matter how many grisly (and already public) details the Pentagon "declassifies" It is not designed to destroy the US ICBM system and cannot do so ¶t is instead a large warhead designed to destroy large "soft" targets such as cities It is — in other words — a second-strik- e weapon and that's all it is Thus it does not change the balance of terror in any way or give the Russians some huge and mysterious advantage which should cause us to escalate the arms race Secretary Laird and the generals in the Pentagon have chosen to ignore th:s fact — for a very good reason The reason is that the Safeguard ABM as proposed by President Nixon is not intended to protect large targets such as cities It is intended to protect our ICBM silos And it is a tenable proposal only if Congress and the American people can be f persuaded that the Soviets have a missile capable of destroying these silos The S59 being large meets the needs of the argument I so long as the argument ignores the facts The facts are these: In order to threaten second-strik- e d capabi- only the US build to would have Russians the 2000 lity SS9s at a cost of $25 million each Such a program would give them a minimal chance I of destroying 1000 of our Minutemen built at a cost of $5 to $6 million each There is no evidence that they are embarking on any such ridiculous course And if they did it would still threaten neither our substantial fleet of submarine-born- e missiles nor those carried by US strategic bombers 8 when details of the Ever since SS9 were first made public in the commercially published "Jane's All the World's Aircraft" it has been known to be inferior to the US Minutemen in both reliability and launching time Indeed it is most comparable to our Titan I missile which we are now discarding as obsolete I Near Downright Deceit To resurrect SS9 now as a reason for starting an ABM program seems very close to downright deceit For far less money — say about $2 billion I — the United States could "superharden" all 'I Its Minuteman sites Roughly speaking a superhardened site is five times as strong as a I hardened site Thus in order to maintain the same counterforce ability the Russians would have to do one of the following: (1) increase the warhead size of the SS9 by a factor of 11 or (2) double its accuracy N Either of these is a far bigger order than penetrating the "thickest" ABM system SS9 is not a In short the breakthrough in the balance of terror It is a weapon of great horror — but of no greater horror and somewhat less efficiency than many of our own It justifies neither panic nor the ABM hard-workin- g )' ( I 0-- ' tiet' ' - 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'':(:- il 4 from '' :i IlYpf:11 k S14 go 's- ''''fte?144144 - tire In an address to the Washington meeting he told the Communist world that the Western alliance could turn its closed fist of defense into the open hand of friendship if conditions changed Members of the Warsaw Pact (European communism's etiuivalent of NATO) conference have proposed an East-Weon European security The President did not mention this plan his administration prefers bilateral talks with the Soviet Union rather than a general conference at this time This is the proper attitude A general conference would be a mistake unless there was reason to believe agreement was possible And so far the subject has not even been explored NATO would do well to indorse early American-Sovie- t talks on strategic arms limitations For if these talks are held the nature of the Soviet thaw could be determined And the sooner they are held the better We doubt however that a general conference should be called under the auspices of NATO and the Warsaw Pact since each of these organizations is made up of one big power with worldwide interests and a number of smaller nations whose interests are generally European This in turn leads to reservations about giving NATO a friendship role Rhetorically the change from closed fist to open hand seems simple Practically it might be impossible NATO is not a nation it is an alliance of nations held together by the requirements of mutual defense And after 20 years of existence defense remains NATO's primary if not sole responsibility Scare on Missile Just Won't Do i:711 Pzge 13 1969 Editor Tribune: When I was a boy about men that worked on the railroad would send me and other boys my age to the drug store four miles distant to buy them packages of Indian hemp It came in packages about three inches square and one inch thick I learned later that it was marijuana I watched them take the seeds out of the packages and plant them I have watched cattle eat the plant in the fall of the year and die MARK GODFREY Pleasant Grove 50 year3 ago Mention Due Editor Tribune: In The Tribune April 4 there was a short story of the useless death of a young boy struck by a car which did not stop On a page in the second section of the next issue is the story of the discovery of a suspect car and the apprehension of its driver only hours after the accident I feel that some mention should be made of the sharp work and the good and prompt detective job performed by these policemen Too many times the faults of the police true or not are publicized and too seldom is their efficient work noted JOHN G SMITH Ely Nev mid-196- much-trumpet- Marquis Chills Westmoreland Blunder Cost Viet Victory WASHINGTON — The world iq full of Vietnam watchers the great majority with a deep emotional bias against the involvement of the United States in that prolonged and tragic 14' A"' i ::: conflict '' ot-- ': 4 One of these watchers : :0t :: in the top flight of the i a '4 with professionals broad range of firsthand 4 knowledge is Sir Robert Thompson His book "No Exit Mr Childs From Vietnam" just hailed there as London is in being published an event of major importance Thompson's stern judgments based on his leading role for 12 years in suppressing the Communist uprising in Malaysia and four years as an official obs:rver in Vietnam show with appalling clarity how a whole series of errors and misconceptions led to the present impasse General's Errors If the book had been issued with the express purpose of refuting the self - serving reports of Gen William C Westmoreland and Admiral US Grant Sharp who exercised command in Vietnam it could hardly be more timely Thompson shows how Westmoreland's strategy of search and destroy pursued for nearly three years played directly into the hands of the Communists The American commander in Vietnam now Army chief of staff following a conventional strategy left the Viet Cong more or less free to carry out their political dbjective through a Mafia-lik- e structure encysted in the heavily populated areas It was Thompson writes a strategy The American forces fought a separate war which Ignored its political and other aspects and were not on a collision course with the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese who therefore had a free run in the real war It was just as if the Americans having been - ' I I:1 no-wi- n i frustrated in the chews game thought that they could win by going off and playing 4 poker instead No More Troops The failure of American strategy in Thompson's view can be measured by the military response to the Tet offensive of 1968 which caused such widespread devastation in the cities This was a request for 200000 more troops Bad strategy really was now dictating policy but It was a bit too much of "more of the same" Fortunately the request was refused since the strategy of attrition as a means of achieving military victory was bankrupt Thompson is not hopeful that any reasonable compromise can come out of the current negotiations In Paris lie writes: "What no one could face was that neither the cessation of the bombing of the North nor the withdrawal el United States forces were any longer regarded by Hanoi as bargaining c counters "Both were considered to be only a matter of time and Hanoi could afford to wait for them without making any real concession If any factor was to influence Hanoi into accept- ing conditions it was not one of United States making Other Relations "Such influences were likely to be her own future relations with China Russia and per- ' haps the United States itself coupled with the probl In of digesting South Vietnam" The British specialist in peoples' revolu- tionary wars is careful to deny any real anal- ogy between the uprising in Malaysia and what has happened in Vietnam He does ft suggest that 100000 American troops be re- moved in the first year with preparation for t a strategy aimed at rooting out the Viet Cong with a small American force prv- pared to see it through for four to five years It is a sobering diagnosis by one whose prescription should not be ignored 4 low-cos- |