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Show l)c Tage 14 ' Bn It nke David Lawrence tibnnt Race Consciousness Pufs New Strain on Equality Saturday Morning, November 27, 1965 Serovs Beginning to Turn on Rliodcsia - The Rhodesian rebellion, to accept the British description of a unilateral declara- -' tlon of Independence, has been in progress for nearly three weeks, without much happening. The Rhodesians control the machinery of government The British continue to claim that Rhodesia is still a colony.- - But since Britain ruled out- - in advance the use of armed force, there has been none of the bloody conflict customarily associated with rebell ions Instead economic pressure is being applied, though the screws are being turned very slowly. Last, week, the United Nations Security Council called on all member states to It j . that Salt Lake M. Oliver, Fred fiscal consultant, Citys should report that annual savings of be-tween $70,000 and $80,000 can be achieved through consolidation of the records divisions of the city police and the county Is not surprising sheriffs office. Such a consolidation, along with other coordination and combination of various police functions when the two departments move into the Metropolitan Hall of Justice, has been repeatedly urged. The City Commission, after hearing f Mr, Olivers report,- - voted to seek such a consolidation,. The question remains also' whether the county will cooperate which department will have responsibility for record keeping. ! Ideally this should be the sheriffs because it has county-wid- e concern, but it must be assured that the records will be kept in such fashion as to ' adequately serve the citys police needs, which are in some ways and varied than the countys. The ultimate hope is that some day the entire Salt Lake Valley will have one government responsible not- only, for all but the wide variety of , police services, other municipal services essential in urban areas. Every effort should be made j in current planning building and govem-- J mental organization to pave the way for smooth transition at some future date to such centralized governmental responsi-- f Ulity. Police and sheriff record consolida- tion would be one very good move in that direction. t 1 more-comple- x - Guyana, a Gamble Another small state with a record of political instability is preparing for complete independence. I .ter several delays caused by bloodshed and Communist threats, British Guiana, between Venezuela and Dutch Guiana on South Americas North Atlantic coast, is scheduled to receive complete independence next May 26. British Guiana (to become Guyana) is made up mostly of rugged mountains and dense jungles and is roughly the size of Utah, with a population of some 700,000. It originally was scheduled to become independent in 1962. The government at that time was led by Premier Cheddi Jagan, an avowed Marxist, whose power was vested in the 300,000 Guianans of East Indian descent. A violent strike of sugar workers, incited by Jagan and his Chicago-bor- n wife, caused the British .to Forbes Burnham independence. postpone ' heads the Negro opposition, numbering about 200,000. Last year the British worked out a new system of proportional representation for the colony. Under this system for elections Jagan was deposed and Burnham became premier, ruling a coalition of his party and the conservatives. The government has been relatively stable since, although bitterness between the Negroes and East Indians remains explosive. When the British West Indies Federated Islands, including Jamaica, Trinidad, Barbados and other small Caribbean became an independent dependencies, state in 1957, Guiana, British Honduras and the Virgin Islands, decided to stay outside. With the open admiration shown by the Jagans and their supporters for Castros Cuba and the traditional trade patterns of Guiana with British Commonwealth nations; it would seem practical for the independent state of Guyana to join the federation. Not Decisive An effective oil embargo would strike a serious butriiot decisive blow at Rhodesia, which anntially consumes 400,000 tons of petroleum and petroleum products, all of which have to be imported. However, its economy is not dependent on oil. Can an embargo be successfully imposed? The Security Council recommends action to U.N. members, but it cannot compel them to comply. 'Prime Minister Harold Wilson indicates that Britain will not embargo oil unless other countries do the same. Some of the others undoubtedly feel the same way. And some may refuse to go along. France, for example, abstained from voting on the Security Council resolution, a decision that certainly leaves French intentions In doubt. And one loop-hol- e in the ranks of producers and distributors could, render. Tthe whole project ineffective. Thirty years ago, when the old League of Nations voted sanctions against Italy during the Ethiopian war, it did not even try to embargo oil. Britain and the U.N. hope to convince the Smith regime that. Rhodesia is embarked upon a futilevand dangerous course. Long before Rhodesia proclaimed its independence, Britain warned of what would happen. But the Rhodesian leaders were not impressed. Now the lines for an economic struggle are being drawn. Isolation for RhoIesia Even if the oil embargo does not succeed, Rhodesia may be isolated from most of the world. The nature of the isolation is demonstrated by the Security Council resolution, the American decision to suspend the Rhodesian sugar quota and Britains severance of financial and economic ties. Equally significant, Isolation could make more difficult the problems of a white minority trying to rule four million Negroes. Rhodesia broke away from Britain in order to maintain white supremacy. The new nations of black Africa are enraged. Some of their leaders talk wildly of intervention in effect, of racial war if Britain and the U.N. do not do more than is now planned. And so tensions build up, with no sign of compromise in sight. ' The best that can be said is that the worst has not happened that time has not yet run out. Economic pressure is being applied to Rhodesia. Other pressure must be exerted against the "war hawks of black Africa. The U.N. should help Britain find a solution, at the same time leaving the basic problem in British hands. Any other course would be self-defeati- perhaps disastrous. Jack Wilsons Potomac Fever WASHINGTON The war on poverty year old and still no sign that the government is willing to negotiate. Is a Werner von Braun says well hear broadcasts from the Moon in 1970. What, and miss Peyton Place? Doesntlt seem to you that the prices of new cars are pretty high? It costs almost as much to buy one these days as it does to park it. A San Francisco bank that was shut down because of irregularities is now a bar. The government said liquidate" and they sure did. y figure perhaps more heroic than before. Sherman Carlquist reported In Natural History that the rare Monterey cypress probably ;has no choice but to hang on where it is unless extinction is a choice. With every other lfving thing, the gnarled and vulnerable cypresses have been walking, an evolutionary plank. In the span of geological time, they are getting nearer the end than some of the rest of us. ' Cyrpess trees' occur not in continuous forests but in separate groves. The Monterey cypresses have dwindled to about 10,000 trees I groves. Small populations permit trees to adapt rather rapidly. And unlike other species of cypress in the vicinity, the Monterey crept toward the cool, fogbound shores. Fog reduces enervating summer temperatures. A seaside climate renders winters there more mild thap farther inland. Although the rainfall is modest, the deep green cypress foliage is constantly brushed by mist. With evaporation thus reduced, the trees are on ground water from the rocky, acidic soil. Moreover, by getting as close as possible to pounding waves and salt spray, the Monterey cypresses are believed to have foiled the canker fungus to which they fell vic' tim everywhere else. It is possible the Monterey cypresses could endure for centuries in this one remaining place where they perpetuate their kind. It appears, however, that the very resourcefulness which saved them from extinction thus far has sealed their eventual doom. The species is so "overspecialized that almost any new change in its environmgpt could break its precarious grip on life. Yet these crippled trees fight on, and the calendar photographers come and go. In only two Years ago we must have decided that the !picturefeque cypress trees of Californias Mont-,erepeninsula truly were the defiant loners of the plant world. Clinging to granite headlands, Ibuffeted by ocean winds, they raised their contorted branches along the wild Pacific by some ancient and admirable choice. An associate professor of botany at Clare-moGraduate School is forcing us to rewrite this somehow satisfying object lesson. In the process, however, the tree emerges as a trag-,J- c ' The Economist on Toilavs World U.S. Gains in Viet Nani Do Not Convince Doubters . toss-depen- position" Butin ifany By Stephen Hugh-Jone- s Of The London Economist succeeds like success sometimes. The odd thing about the successes the United States ha won recent- ly in Viet Nam is-- - that they have not succeeded. - The doubters remain unconvinced, I am speaking here of Brit- ain, not of the United States. Nor am I talking of military judgments. Certainly plenty of people here are impressed that a war that was, Nothing appar-entiyr'"bei- lost is now, apparently, being won. Those who only a few months ago used to predict that a Communist victory was inevitable have ohanged- their tune. - Still Dislike It . But there are still few Englishmen who have any enthusiasm for the Viet Nam war. The largest number honest men, not Communists who used to or simpletons dislike it, dislike it as much as ever. Quite simply; they are not yet convinced it is a war you should be fighting, and therefore the harder you fight it, the more doubtful they become. The picture we have - now of that South Viet Namr which you are defending is of a country racked with of American bombs and napalm. I dont think this is a fair picture but, thanks mainly to American, reporters and cameramen, it is the picture we have. That ijjpuld worry some people anyway. Blit even those who accept that :war is a bloody business ask what this particular bloody business is for, and how long it .will go on. What is the United States fighting for? Freedom and democracy makes a pat answer, but in ASia those are very relative terms, and ones that do not have very much to do with what we mean by them. Put it another way. On what terms would the United States stop fighting? Apparently Shocked The American press was. apparently shocked to be told this month, what one thought it had already known for some months, that the administration, so far .from being ready to talk peace any time, any place, had in fact rejected an offer .of talks from the North Vietnamese Communists a year ago.. That does not shock me flbwply. There's no law (for or Hanoi) that Washington says that peace talks must begin at the precise moment when one side's face is being rubbed deepest in the dirt. It Was more alarming to read in a London paper last week that the administration's terms for peace have now hardened to the point where it would not envisage Communist participation m any South Vietnamese government. Arrogant .Demands That may only be a counter to the equally arrogant demands of the South Viet-- n a mes e Communists (they want a "decisive voice and . Post-Dispatc- Brumfield of Louisiana, a trustee of the Louisiana Bar Assn, and a trustee of the International Academy of Trial Lawyers, who considers himself a liberal and has both white and Negro clients, senti- deplores anti - Negro Alva How Long? Last Stand on Monterey Peninsula? j$t Louis Utilize Prejudices SiSu j ; j political the Amerisettlement). can government is not simply taking a hard line before the horsedealing begin s, this means that it, as much as the Communists, is condemning Viet Nam to apparently indefinite war. Yet one can see Washington's point. The history of coalition governments in which Communists have taken part is 'a miserable one. In Czechoslovakia it meant a Communist coup d'etat. In Laos, it has meant that what was supposedly one government was, in effect,' two or three. In j Indonesia, the Communists, or some of them, have done their best to dispose of their rivals by assassination. . st Clear-Cu- - t Objectives coalition government in Saigon might well follow this pattern, and if it did it would be the Communists who won. They alone have a network of organization that extends to the grassroots. They have disobjeccipline and clear-cu- t -tives. But is the alternative any more hopeful? Let us imagine the Communists are so badly A The Public Foi 11111 tide were up Revervtl Of Slaml Editor, Tribune: Some letters in the Forum regarding deer hunts register heat rather than light. As spokesman for the Milford Wildlife Protective Association, I wish to give some facts: We have attempted to assist Fish and Game officials for a number of years and have participated in field studies, trend counts and have laid the brunt of our criticisms at the door of the Big Game Boards We cannot longer continue this policy.' While the Big Game Board sets the hunts they do so in general along lines set up by the Interagency Committee which is composed of the F. and G. Department, the For-.eService and the Bureau of Land Management. In these meetings we see F. and G. personnel desert the stands which they have taken in the field and conform to the sometimes ideas of the other two agencies. We see special antlerless hunts sot up in areas where few deer were found in the studies. During the hunts we find few deer where the F. and G. spokesmen tell the public there are many de;r. We see the F. and G. Department asking for a raise in license fees "or eLse, while at the same time they are employing more than a dozen public relations people to tell the sportsmen how well they insuffi- -' are dotngrWe see-adent number of wardens who are unable to cope with much increased poaching including constant spotlighting. Tills while the chief law enforcement officer of the region is bmv with publicity. st A. B. MKRRYWEATHER President, Milford Wildlife Protective Assn. Those Trips Abroad Editor, Truune: One of the more Incredible political events of the season has to be the recent campaign by the supporters of Senator Frank E. Moss to belittle Senator Wallace F. Bennett's recent trip to the International Atomic Energy , Agency In Japan. The Utah senior senator was representing the United States Seriate at this international conference where perhaps some of the most impor--t a n t a n d fa cisions to be made in de- a long beaten that peace Instantly breaks out on American terms. How long would it be before a government faced exactly the same guerrilla threat again and again and had to depend for survival on American help? That is not inevitable, Defeated guerrillas have been known to stop trying, in Greece for example. But in Viet Nams situation it is unlikely. Either wayrthe price of freedom from communism is likely to We continuing and active American intervention in the internal affairs of South Viet Nam. j for By Our Readers considera-tionZ-Senat- I ment. He points out, however, the difficulties in trying to deal with racial differences in selecting juries. He says: It is part of a lawyer's job to utilize the prejudices of the community. These prejudices, whether against Negroes or other minority groups or economic interests, exist everywhere in the country. "The lawyer has the legal to utilize them, obligation under proper legal procedure, on behalf of his client or to counter them if they are against his clients interests in America today to the attain- ment of either the letter or the spirit ' of racial equality.. The proc--es- s of reason as the best means for rec- onciliation of Mr Lawrence differences is being given less emphasis. The main dependence is being, placed instead on the coercive powers of the law. This, in turn, increases bitter feelings on both sides. The recent proposal of President Johnson whereby federal laws would undertake to determine how juries shall be chosen is likely to have "an unintended result. It may make it possible for'criminals t o escape punishment, as hung juries disagreeing .on the verdict become- - more and more frequent. Mihister.Ian Smiths regime. This omission displeased - the biack African nations which continue to demand military measures under Chapter 7 of the U.N. Charter, thus making action obligatory on member states. But as long as the U.N. considers Rhodesia fundamentally a British affair, the Africans are not likely to get their way. Other Viewpoints ; barrier 10-to-- Serious Consolidate and Save - WASHINGTON The stimulation of .racial consciousness Is becoming perhaps the 'biggest smgle Impose an oil embargo against Rhodesia. In addition, member states were urged to do "their utmost to break all economic relations with Rhodesia. But the resolu0 vote with tion, adopted by a one no made of mention only abstention, the use of military force against Prime I recall that Senator Moss is member of the Interior Bennett, as a La member of the Joint CommitCommittee and the Public tee on Atomic Energy, had Works Committee. That's interior (not exterior) and what every justification to be in attendance. At least he's a public works are there in formember of some committees eign lands to justify the many which deal with international trips Senator Moss has taken? affairs. ROBERT P. STRATFORD ... Tant Ignore It anti-Negr- o - ro - Admittedly Illiterate Heres a sample of what is related in a dis happening-a- s patch from East Naples, Fla., published in the Miami Herald of Nov. 14; A of the federal civil rights program has tied a knot in the Collier County judicial process. As a result a Miami man faces retrial after an jury found him both guilty and innocent of with telephone interfering service, a felony. The heart of the confused case is a confused jury, some of whose members, including the fore-a n. admitted they were illiterate "Jury panels come from the oter lists and the literacy uquirement was .not an Issue b e f'o r e, because-- illiterates m later By Ham 'Tis .love that makes the go around with that worried expression. Anon. world There Are All Kinds ol Lpve There has been a great deal of criticism of the frankness in describing a love scene in a love story of today. Very little is left to the imagination. 1 am of the horse and buggy era of the period When Elinor Glynn's Three Wee ks" was I something had to take behind the haystack to read. I'd hate to be caught reading it today, but for a, different reason. Marie Corelli, another WTit-e- r of love tales, was popular about the turn of the century. My English teacher told me I was too young to read Maries stuff,-and I' reckon I was. ' Anyway, I copied a paragraph from one of her books and pasted it in my copy of Homer's Iliad. Just came across it while going through a stack of old books. Get a load of this: Tf I loved a man I should love him so completely that I should never think of anything in which he had not the first and greatest share. 1 should see his kind looks in every' ray of sunshine I should hear liis loving voice in every note of music if I were to read a book alone, I should wonder which sentence in it would please him most if I plucked a flower I should ask myself if he would like me to wear it I should live through and for him he would be my very eyes and heart and soul." I wouldn't want to be loved Marie's way. Id hate to be tied for life to such an overpowered love wagon. In a lifelong endurance test it doesn't V Park always pay to, know one another too well. vThe Missus, and I have been married more than half a century and retain our individual identities. Had our marriage been founded on that very eyes and' heart and . soul" stuff, I donJ believe it would have lasted a decade. still Notes on Cuff Department All men are born free and equal. Marriage, as an institution, comes later. ' "If I had my life to' live over again, sighed a waitress at the lunch counter, I'd get married before I had sense enough to decide to stay single." You have to do your own suffering, fori no one else will or can dp it for you.' Believe It or not, but no man works harder against hij own ' best interests than the orie who works for them exclusively; Have you ever known anyone who got eye trouble from looking at the bright side of .... - could not vote Innocence Illegible The juriy deliberated for an hour and 45 minutes and returned a verdict. Foreman Melt Senator From Sandpit w Theoretically, jurors are " to be supposed completely But practically impartial. speaking, every man has likes and dislikes. The law didn't creatp sentiment, for example,, and the defense ' lawyer can't ignore it. The very existence of a law spelling out or even vaguely referring to racial discrimina- - tion in the selection of jurors will give law vers an opportunity to make an issue of it in almost- every case. Whether the jury is or or mixed, there is bound to develop racial con- sciousness as ti result of the discussion in a court prior to the selection of a jury. One .difficulty has already arisen through the lewering of voting standards. The qualifications of jurors vary from state to state, and some come from the jury lists. Now that the civil rights law says that in certain areas it isn't necessary to be able to read or write in order to vote, the lists of voters from which jury panels are chosen are being expanded so that almost anyone becomes qualified for jury service. Williams pronounced guilty, but the written verdict he signed de- DA nd rea clared the man innocent . . . Williams said he eouldnt. .read and write and the others "tolcT him to make the decision. When he said guilty, the others gave him a verdict .to sign 'and he believed he was tricked into signing the wrong 'paper. Judge Smith recalled the ' Jury and questioned the members, Two of the 6 men said' they ' Relieved D Andrea was guilty, 'two thought he ..was innocent, knd two thought hyn innocent but' that the jury as a whole found hinvjuiltv. Crusade Boomeranging The Constitution sets forth specifically that an achised person must be tried in th state or district in which the offense occurs. But if the federal government now steps in and makes it possible for cases to be transferred to other states, and if racial consciousness is introduced as a factor in the selection of jurors, the very prejudices which the civil rights crusade was designed to. overcome may be stimulated, and the attainment of impartial juries may not be realized. -- CopyrioM ly&5, New York Herald Tribun life? I never have. Soaper Says Our Weather Man Why do we heed a weather man To tell us thats the rain Spilling down the gutter spout ,And slapping on the pane? tvhy does he piously narrate e A southern breeze When we suspect it all the time By looking at the trees? It is a disaster for the old trumpet player when he loses his Up, and it could be even worse in the case of the reactivated manager, Leo Duroch-e- r. ten-mil- Why his ironic saying that The urgent time has come For tacking winter windows up When weve just whacked our thumb? Why verify thh obvious Or peddle patent facts When the weather's all around us And coming through the cracks? Louis W. Larsen. The man at the next desk hopes the war on poverty can be won in time for the Christmas bills. - Now an archeologist thinks that the Japanese discovered America. But if Jhey had, theyd have taken the plans' home andailt a cheaper one. It's hard to say what can be done about the surplus of smog in CaUfornia, unless the federal government can be persuaded to buy it up and store it. |