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Show fv fbcSalt 18 Pag falc Innocent Victim ffibttnt David Lawrence U.S. Retreat May Save United Nations The United States retreat from its former position of rigid adherence to the law In the financing of United Nations peacekeeping was necessary to forestall disintegration of the world organization. ' There is no definite assurance now that Ambassador Goldbergs conciliatory, but firm maiden speech before the committee of 33 will save the U.N. It was, however, essential to ending the deadlock. If the organization is not strengthened from this point on, the onus will rest more firmly on Soviet Russia, France and the other delinquents. United States was right in demanding that Soviet Russia, its satellites, France and several other nations, pay their share of the cost of keeping the peace In the Middle East and the Congo or be deprived of their voting rights in the Gen- eral Assembly. Mr,,Goldberg declared tfiat the U.S. position was constitutionally, legally, procedurally, and adminHe acknowledged, istratively correct. however, that the majority of the General Assembly is not prepared to apply Article 19 and that the consensus was that the assembly should proceed normally. (For sian delegate made noises like the Soviets might now be willing to make some voluntary contribution to. the solvency of the U.N., but any speculation in this regard would be risky. tive matters have been avoided.) And, in the spirit of his predecessor, the late Ambassador Adlai Stevenson, Mr. GoldIt is time for the Genberg declared: eral Assembly to get on with its heavy agenda, which is indeed the unfinished Based on the letter of the law, upheld by the International Court of Justice, the Two-Wa- y Responsibility State health authorities have been meeting with representatives of nursing home operators to draw up rules and regulations for operation of these institutions. Such regulations, and a continuing program of supervision to see that they are complied with, are very necessary more so than ever today as more and more elderly citizens have to enter nursing homes. The regulations will establish minimum standards of care, covering such things as space per patient, sanitary provisions, food service, fire safety, equipment, training and number of personnel. The state certainly has a responsibility to insure that decent care is provided nursing home patients. But the state haa a two-wa- y responsibility in the matter. Lee W. Dalebout, executive secretary of the Utah Nursing Home Association, noted that from 70 to 75 per cent of all nursing home patients are welfare clients. He said many homes have to scratch to make ends meet now because of low welfare payments. Certainly the state cannot with one hand (throughlts- - Health Department)-demahigher standards of care, yet with the other hand (through its Welfare Department) faiHo pay enough to permit such higher standards to be met. It should not be too difficult for health, welfare and nursing home representatives to Agree, on what is a satisfactory pay schedule depending on the kind of care required. If the payment is too low it is obvious nursing home operators will either be forced out of business or they will be .compelled to cut comers by providing less than satisfactory service. nd Pions-Declarati- on Congressional Quarterlys annual survey of lobbying in Washington reveals that an anti-civ- il rights group, the CoCommittee for Fundamental ordinating American Freedoms, topped all other or$319,825 ganizations in expenditures to influence legislation during 1964. But the committees lobbying efforts were not effective, for Congress enacted the civil rights law by large majorities in both houses. Other big spenders were the AFL-CIthe American Legion, the American Farm Bureau Federation and the Council for a Liveable World, a peace group. Six organizations with a single purfor federal employes pose better-pa- y collectively spent $450,000. (A federal pay raise bill was enacted by Congress last year.) Since the money was contributed - from salaries paid by the federal govern; lobment, this seems to be closed-circu- it bying. Lobbying expenditures of all kinds come to $4,223,894, almost identical with the total for 1963 and 1964. But, as Congressional Quarterly notes, loopholes in the Taw permit a great amount of spending to go unreported. In some cases, individual employes Report lobbyists, but the organizations do noU Moreover, the Supreme Court has interpreted the law to mean there is no need to report unless direct communication is made with members of Congress. The law, unrevised since its passage in 1946, is not much more than a pious declaration against sin. But Congress appears to like it that way. And there is no lobby seeking changes in the lobbying law. well-financ- Visiting Cartoonist Powers Cannot Be Coerced Actually, however, Washington has painfully concluded it was wrong in the first place to stretch Article 19 of the charter to pressure other powers into paying the extraordinary expenses of which they disapproved. At this stage of the evolution of the U.N. the world powers cannot be coerced. The organization must operate by consent and this means by compromise. This admits a weakness, but the weakness has been apparent a long time. The Soviet Union, France and 11 other nations in arrears on the peacekeeping assessments have in effect held that such activity is a function of the . Security CouncirTwhereair five' permanenr mem- bers have a veto), not the General Assembly. The rationale extended, however, to financing peacekeeping approved by the council, in effect holding that such payments must be voluntary. Meantime, Britain, Canada and the Scandinavian countries have shown the way by donating almost 18 million dollars. If sufficient other payments are forthcoming voluntarily, the deficit will be wiped out. In any respect, operations in Cyprus and other troubled spots have been financed with voluntary payments. The biggest challenge to the United Nations Viet Nam is still ahead. The Johnson Administration has wisely given priority to the future of the U.N. over a row about past liabilities. Mr. Goldberg discharged with dignity an onerous but necessary assignment. For Off tlie Job Safety In The cost of all kinds of accidents the nation is astronomical estimated by the National Safety Council last year as nearly 17 billion dollars. This includes not only wage loss, medical costs and property damage suffered by individuals, but the cost of interrupted production schedules in industry and the higher cost of accident and liability for everybody. The death toll is gfiastly too over a hundred thousand killed last year. But often even more tragic are the injuries suffered by millions maijy pf which are totally or partially disabling. This drain upon the national economy, its manpower and its human capacities and welfare must be attacked at all levels lest it become even greater than it is. As speakers at a Utah safety meeting this week pointed out, industrys former poor accident record has been greatly improved through organized effort. The same improvement can be accomplished in traffic, home, fire, recreation and other safety arpas. It is a challenge to the entire community, but most particularly to business and industry which has done so much to promote safety. They owe it to their employes and to themselves, because an accident anywhere is well established as detrimental to smooth business functioning to make people as safe on the highway or in the home as they are today at work. WASHINGTON LBJ says the U.S. will abide by the humane warfare provisions of the Geneva convention. Well, there goes our plan to drop 10,000 guitars on HanoL The Erie, Pa., zoo buys two gorillas for 4,500 books of grading stamps. And if they can save another couple' of thousand they hope to get a second-han- d Tarzan. The U.S. Information Agency says is film, The Presidents Country, will cost only $90,000. Its just a B picture Lyndon B., Lady B., Linda B., Lud B . . . . Journal followed U which the war between the states? More than 30 persons were killed in the last few days - Los in Aji-- g e 1 e s, and in- -, hundreds r- - Lawrence in the jured riots there. Serious riots also occurred in other big cities, and looting has been a sequel to almost all the disturbances. With National Guardsmen on duty in Los Angeles and Chicago, in an effort by the states to assist the local police, there is beginning to be a resemblance to the military rule which was directed against the South a century ago but which this time affects all sections of the country. Causes Go Deeper The causes of all these outbursts cannot be oversimplified as attributable merely to race consciousness or to the effects of discrimination. ioo4cr Washington Qoseup: By Richard Fryklund Army Draftee Likely to Mss Viet Action Washington Star Service The Army would like to cor- rect any impression that the new draftees are supposed to canprovide non fodder for the war in Viet Nam. The war did cause the exdraft panded call, but the chances a re remote that any By October it will be almost 35,000. All draftees receive combat training eight weeks of basic instruction on weapons, drill and military life either in a training center or one of the new combat outfits. Men who do not have a civilian skill useful to the Army will then get another eight weeks of training in small unit One Assignment given draftee will go into a combat Mr. Fryklund unit and even more remote that he will be sent to Viet Nam. It is likely for the foreseeable future that career men will do most of the fighting. Even for professionals, however, a real combat job is unlikely. The war is too small; the Army is too big. 970,000 Men The Army now has about 970,000 men. The draftand new enlistments will bring it up to 1,195,000 in a year. But the war in South Viet 0 Nam requires only about men today of all services, rising in a little over a month to 125,000. Very roughly (the figure is classified), about of these men can be defined as tambat Army. Thats only one of every 24 men in the Army. The odds against any new draftee being in one of the combat outfits in Viet Nani is even greater than 24 to 1. Draftees, basically, are used to supplement the professional 85,-00- soldiers. In every month except two since Korea, the Army has compared its manpower needs with enlistments and found itself a few thousand short. The shortages are made up by the draft. The calls have been running 5,000 or 10,000 a month. This month it is 17,000. These new units will stay in the United States unless the war gets considerably more serious. Some of fte draftees will go to Viet Nam as individual replacements, however, in about a year. Right now a man serves in Viet Nam one year unless he elects to stay longer. The men who are being sent now will : gcmbaL Then the Army will distribute the men to units all over the world. Viet Nam is only one assignment for the Army. There will be the equivalent of almost three combat divisions and their support in Viet Nam. But there will be five divisions and their support in Europe, two in Korea, one in Hawaii and about six in the continental United States. These are just the combat of the h units. Only units. such men in are Army The others have training7 supand other ply, housekeeping jobs. So with the normal luck of the draw, it would be unlikely that a draftee would get a combat unit and that the unit would be in Viet Nam. Present Army plans for the one-fift- transport draftees make it even more remote. Select Best Trained The Army is selecting its best trained professional outfits for Viet Nam from the normal reinforcement pool in the United States. The draft and the new push for enlistments is supposed to help replenish this pool. For instance, one new division, three, new brigades and numerous smaller combat units will be formed largely of draftees, trained and led by cadres of regulars in a ratio of one cadreman to four draftees. The present draftees will be well trained to replace some of those men next year. Trained to Replace The cannon fodder stories that circulate among draftees are based in part on history and in part on the Armys custom of giving jobs to draftees. A combat infantryman is rated no matter how good he is because his training takes a relatively short period. In six months of soldiering a man can be a valuable mem-be- r of an. infantry squad The draftee can also be a good driver, clerk, warehouseman or cook. Takes a Tear less-skille- d low-skill- But it takes a year to become a good missile repairman. If a draftee spends a year or mope in school, as some top skills'tequire, he has relativeusefulness ly little to the Army in the two-yedraft period. So the technical training goes largely to volunteers who are in for three years or a career. The higher promotions go to the professionals, too. Amy leaders who calculate the odds against going into combat caution against assuming that all draftees like the long odds. Many dont. Many young and "eager men want to be where the action is, so they volunteer for Viet Nam. Senator From Sandpit No bird soars too high if he soars on his own wings. William Blake. A Fable Once upon a time there was a dog who was very unhappy. He said: Im a failure. I live a dog's life in this back yard. I must get out and do something unusual to attract 'attention and be- - come popu- - lar. The dog saw how the eagle Potomac Fever Well, hen I am again. era 50,-0- - Jack Wilsoni Lcwti in Milwaukee . WASHINGTON T h i s certainly is a tragic era in American history. Will it be like the business of mankind. We must find new strength, he said, and new capacities for building, brick by brick, the community of men. The lofty words did not hide the fact that this country had made a major retreat. Goldberg placed "responsibility where it-- properly belongs (on the delinquents) and he made it clear that the U.S. would not allow a double standard to exist in paying United Nations costs in the future. He even reserved the right for the U S. to refuse to pay if it had strong reasons for doing so. - I Can America be Heading Into Reconstruction Era? Wednesday Morning, August 18, 1965 U.S. Position Was Legal i atattracted tention by his Ham Park lofty flight, So he got up on the bam roof and tried to fly like an eagle. He attracted considerable attention, but even the horse laughed when he fell. He noticed how the elephant attracted attention in the circus end got free peanuts. Ah, I see, he said, I should be an elephant to succeed. So he crawled under the canvas and tried to act like an elephant. There he attracted so much attention that they tied a can to his tail. Then he saw how the canary attracted attention by, his song. I must sing! he Qed. He tried to sing but the neighbors thought he had gone mad and called the dog catcher. Finally he crawled back into his own yard, saying to himself: I cant be an eagle, or an elephant, or a canary, so Ill try to be the best dog I can be. So he cleaned up, defleaed himself and became 100 per cent dog. Pretty soon people began to talk about him, saying what a fine dog he was. He became the most popular dog in town and took first prize at the dog show! MORAL: Never try to be anything but yourself. Notes on Cuff Department Albert A Comes writes: Dear Ham: In 1919 when I came out of the army, I managed the Evans Floral Co. at 36 South Main Street. Many d men times, neat, walked erect and briskly past the place. - Such fine gentlemen as Henry Wallace, Jacob Aures, Mr. McComick, one by the name of Park, and many others.-should like to know was that you or your father? Many thanks for making this clear to me. Sincerely yours, Albert A. (Comesite) Comes, 48 East Gregson Ave., City. (Dear Albert: I plead ths well-dresse- 1 By Ham Park Fifth Amendment. Besides I was living in Nampa, Idaho, at the time. And how did you know the guys name was Park?) When Dr. Victor Kassel, my upper-cas- e doctor, came to see me last week, he told me that while what I dont know wont hurt me, what I suspect may. While on location in Afri- ca a member of the motion a picture crew collected trunkful of shrunken heads from one of the cannibal tribes. When he returned to Hollywood he decided they might be worth something, so he called up a swanky department store. To whom, he asked the switchboard operator, do I speak about selling some shrunken heads? One moment, please, said the operator. There was a clicking sound, and then a firm, business-lik- e voice said: This is the head . buyer speaking. , . Grounded Man, 'up flying in the blue, Guess you think I envy you; You should really envy me Picking apples from a tree. Agnes Just Reid, , Firth, Idaho. f The trouble goes deeper. The truth is American cities are becoming more and more congested as population grows by leaps and hounds. America has not really come to grips as yet with the problems growing out of constant unemployment among the unskilled and uneducated masses. It happens that most of those persons engaged in the riots of the last few days as well as other disorders in recent months are Negroes but the crime wave in the United States is not limited to interracial conflict. Even here in the national capital, where the Negro population is in the ma- jority, the attacks on Negroes by Negroes are increasing in number. Emphasis on Law So the answer doesnt lie in more oratory on the subject of civil rights. What is needed is more knowledge about the importance of obeying local ordinances and the laws that are designed to preserve order. This is where Negro leaders could become more active. In the last few days, many of the sensible leaders among t the Negro groups tried desperately in Los Angeles, .Chicago and elsewhere to try to persuade the mobs to disperse. But they were not too effective. Once a match Tights the fires of race hatred over any episode, however trivial, It is hard to extinguish the flame that spread so rapidly. ' Maybe the recent outbreak in the big cities were inevitable, but the effects of what many Negro leaders said when they preached civil disobedience cannot e b t t, k h c 1 S c a e T be ignored. J,e Many white clergymen, too, have kept on arguing that it is morally right to disobey what an individual may decide for himself is an unjust law. These clergymen have unwittingly been advocating 'rebellion and revolution. They rationalize this by saying it i something that our forefather did at the Boston Tea Party. Entirely Different But its one thing to engage in revolution against a tyrannical regime, and it is quite another to disobey laws and written ordinances which any citizen, joined by his fellow citizens, can seek in proper ways to modify or repeal. As long as pickets can engage in violent demonstrations at the White House or at the U.S. Capitol or in municipal buildings . and yet not meet 9 l: a a h c fi n tl Al v f, s V tl E 1; w SI e with emphaticancLvehement-reproo- f from the Negro leaders themselves, such examples indicate to persons that mob action is and justified. permissible They easily become tools of extremists. Right Not License The responsibility now rests with the President and the Congress and the governors of the states, as well as mayors of all cities to make clear again and again to the people who do not understand such things that the right to demonstrate does not mean there is a license to create disorder or to stimulate the criminal ioot stores.set -- fires, and attack innocent bystanders. There certainly needs to be a moratorium on all kinds of street demonstrations until authorities can restore jaw and order while at the same time the deeply rooted tackling causes of unrest, especially in employment and education. 1965, Tribune: Jessie Editor, Greenhalgh (Forum, Aug. 13) had warm praise for a group of student pacifists who resurrected memories of the Hiroshima bombing in a service at the Salt Lake City Public Library Aug. 9 and suggested that they be encouraged in the shaping of public opinion. Fortunately not all of us share her sentiments, nor do we view the bombing of Hirprimitive savoshima as agery. In speaking of the newWinston ly created Churchill, one of the greatest statesmen of the century, To quell the commented, Japanese resistance man by man and conquer the country yard by yard might require the loss of a million American lives and half that number of British or more if we could get them there: for we were resolved to share the agony. Now all this nightmare picture vanished. Any such violent destruction of human life is regrettable, to say the least, but the alternative to Hiroshima was unthinkable. Would Jessie Greenhalgh rather have chosen as the price of peace, to see the lives of over a million American soldiers gradually ground out to preserve so many fewer lives for an unquestionably brutal enemy? Sacrifice is one thing but suicide is another. All. too often genuine pacifism is exploited to play into the hands of an amoral enemy. This reason alone justifies critical scrutiny of such memorials. MONTE J. OGDEN, Logan, Utah. The Crop of Hate Editor, Tribune: The race riots in Los Angeles and other cities are an excellent example of how little was actually gained by civil rights legislation. It seems to be a prevalent delusion that passage of a law against what is regarded as an evil automatically eliminates that evil ' , Basically the American people are respecters of law and order. Yet, by and large, no people anywhere has any great respect for a law which is contrary to custom. For instance, laws against murder, theft, rape and so on are quite commonly respected and the prosecution tl ir f n 41 P n fi g ti L li F By Our Readers - a New York Herald Tribune The Public Forum Bomb Alternative g V tl ele-men- ts who n w individuals for breaking these laws is regarded as justice. The law against the possession and use of alcohol as a beverage proved to be Unenforceable for the simple reason that the overwhelming majority of the American people simply did not believe that drinking alcohol was immoral. By the same token, antisegregation legislation will prove of b; hi D P h Ci P CI ti w b a Forum Rules ei To bo published, letters must bo submitted exclusively to Tho P Trlbuno and bear writers full signature and address. Names must bo printed on political letters but may bo withheld for compelling reasons on others. Preference Is given to lettero printed with writers names. Letters most be under 150 words and are subject to further condensation when space limit require it. to be unenforceable simply 'because people have always, held the choice of their associates to be something absolutely personal; something very much their own. Riots such as those wijirh have been staged in various parts of the country are (joing the Negroes a grave disservice by making them hated and feared as a group. Force begets force and solves nothing. In the end, the result of such demonstrations is a bounteous crop of on both sides. DAVID A. KING, Layton, Utah N tc si rr z SI Cl b V tr sc A tc P P O Stained Monument Editor, Tribune: Although I now live in California, as a former resident of Salt of Salt Lake City (nine years) I still take civic pride in my old home towta. On first arriving in Salt Lake City recently, we visited Hogle Zoo, which was a real treat to my family. It was beautifully maintained, - and most complete. We then crossed the roa4 to This Is the Place Monument. It was so lovely when first erected. The stone IS now stained and the metal parts tarnished. The landscaping is the only saving grace to thi most important tourist attract' ion. I amhopeful the proper au- thorities will look into this situation and restore the original pride and heritage which prompted Its existence. ; HELEN FIR'JTH Santa Monica, CaHi. t iT h d n lc ti C Tc L v a si V ti V d |