| Show P IE D I 1 T 0 RIALS wu WE have heard beard of at much trout in bear lake and river biver and there is some in ID utah lake and prova river biver and some other rivers rivera and creeks la in the territory tory but there is not a beath teath part of ef enough and aud judging by the way that kindol dishis snapped up when any chances to come into luto market oue would think that trout raising would be a highly remunerative business why do not some of our enterprising farmers and ran nan rancheris rancheros cheros engage in biolo tiolo business busine sd and supply thedarae the marre marke 2 here herp Js is all ail an account from the lican ican of an sample sampie eu for them at donner lake in the sierra nevadas kelly and steward near donner dormer lake have made an excellent beginning in trout raising aud and their experiments in the business burin bubin ess eks promise to r result bulu buiu in splendid success they own acres of land located on donner creek and a mile below the outlet of the lake A large portion of the land la Is a natural meadow not swampy cut with a fall to prevent any serious from freshets fresh ets spread out over this meadow are numerous small groves of young pine cedar fir and tamarack the two streams we have named furnish a plentiful supply of cold water the year round an important consideration in the hatching and raising of trout kelly and stewart made their commencement jn in the business last Se pember september sep hep ember being without practical experience iu in the business they have proceeded cautiously and have mostly followed the instructions laid down by seth green the well known ichthyologist in hla hib treatise on trout grout culture published in 1870 isto mr stew slew art who has had the practical management of the fishery informs us ua that in every instance where he has strictly followed mr greens rules as laid down in his bis book be has found them cor CoT correct and whenever he has departed from or ignored the same he has met W with th disaster the firm have at their flanery six small ponds three of which are natural and three artificial in one of these they have 15 trout ranging from one to three years old the largest are of from one to two pounds weight and of marketable size A fe few w of anese trout were found on the spot it being a natural reservoir and the reina remainder luden fuden were caught in donner and coldstream Cold stream creeks their first experiments in hatching spawns was this season beason they procured the bame same from lake tahoe mr hir stewart ste wart bringing them down from the lake in buckets and on foot distance 18 miles in bringing them down in this way an aru opportunity was afforded to change the water frequently in the buckets these spawn were placed at the proper season j in hatching boxes bokes these boxes are about 14 feet long by 14 inches wide with a grade of two or three inches to prevent the fish nish from crowding to the lower end of the box after they are hatched batched a wire gauge a placed across each box every four teet jeet A small stream of filtered water is kept running constantly into the head bead of the box this thia water is thoroughly filtered before entering the boxes by being run through ten feet of gravel and then tb through rough red flannel tacked on frames the object of this Is ia to arrest all sediment and nud vegetable matter which are destructive to spawn the clearer pur purer erand and colder the water if not below 45 degrees the better it is for the spawn and ehe the young fish the length of time required tor ton hatching batching varies from fifty to seventy nive five da days y fa the colder the water the longer it takes of the eggs procured by kelly stewart tuey have already hatched batched and living iving about fish of thebe these las are twenty five days old fifteen days old and ten daya days old since these thebe fash aish were hatche 1 iscar scarcely eely cely any of them except those which were deformed have died after the flab have been hatched forty five days they are placed in one or more of the pond poud separate from the larger ones enes one olie excellent feature of kelly stewarts ot mt ewarts location is that besides donner conner creek and coldstream Cold stream they have a bountiful supply of cold spring water which never uever freezes and has bbs nearly an even temperature the year round strange to bay say small fl narrow ponds ponda are found better for the growth of trout add more convenient for feeding them like cattle in good pasture it if they have plenty to eatn eat they are quiet and do not dot waste their ile aud and time in roaming about in search of food dood if the pou POD poud pond d be large it Is difficult to c call cail all ali them together at feeding time last spring acting upon the supposition that larre large lar ibi no polus ponds the iio iro tie deat deai tuey constructed one about feet few square even thia they find too large anu ana will divide the tile same by running an embankment ban kment through it iii in the center and making two ponds of it narrow ponds of from ten to twenty feet wide and a hundred feet or so eo long they find the best next season kelly fe stewart Sl ewart intend to obtain spawn enough to rane rahe 1 trout tuey they albo also in tend end to experiment with saimon salman shad black bas bass perch and other well luo huo wn dh tieh and k hea sea a it they can be raised here herp i successfully these g gentlemen have bave one of the best beat natural locations for foren en gagion in on an ext extensive enAve scale that we have seen anywhere on air this coast they have hundreds huu hua dreda of acres of ground upon which they ean can create at a very slight expense as ils many ponds ponda as aa they delre desire they thes have cold spring water to fill thum thelm and the climate could hardly be more favorable than it la Is we shall ahall look with within interest upon the results of the fishery at abdon don dou ner lake if successful and it looks as it if it would be there thure will be many other persons who will wili edgare engage in the same busin business ess ebs and the field is illicit illimitable a WF WE have received a pamphlet copy of H t speech on fish culture compared in with agriculture by hon han robert B Roo boo roosevelt Revelt of new now york delivered in the U 8 house of representatives ta tives mr dir rosevelt briefly traces the progress of fish culture among ancient n nations as well as in modern europe europa particularly that of salmon mr 8 states the reasons why shad should be largely cultivated ater alter saying that cod and herring are the most fecund of fishes the female of each of those species depositing a alillion million of eggs he says these aze are tho most prolific species but the others do not come so fsr far behind shad producing from ten to twenty thousand eggs to each pound of their weight and consequently yielding from thirty thousand to one hun dred thousand eggs each salmon and trout rout are not so productive having only about two thousand eggs to each pound and not even that in the lar lat largest gest we have not yet learned to breed cod or herring but we can breed shad and hence we have an advantage over the european nations that is precisely pro onate to the relation that two bears to twenty here is an immense point gained for shad grow as rapidly or nearly as rapidly rd es salmon and far foreso more so than trout and they are as de licious a fish on the tabie tabia if not quite so substantial a meal nor is this all nil all ail salmon and trout require quire quiro ire three months or thereabouts t to hatch bateu while shad h hitch within a week the former must be carefully watched and have special appliances in the matter of water and location the latter need no attention and hatch in a com mon box with a wire grating fastened over the bottom salmon and trout are ar e helpless for thirty days after they are born being weighed down with what is called the umbilical sack the unabsorbed portion of the egg shad are able to take care of themselves and seek their own food the moment they burst the shell abell the former must be fed when young and protected from their enemies for months salmon art act leaving the fresh water and descending to the sea usually till a year or more mord after birth whereas the little shad seek the ocean as soon as they are turned loose and need no care or food till they come back grown nish fish ready forthe for the gridiron orthe or rhe the baking pan there are three great greab classes of fish as aa viewed from the standpoint stand point of the fish flab each having a different mode of laying its agga egga and raking its young first the salmon tribe what ichthyologists call the sa which deposit their eggs in cold water digging nests nesta for fur them and covering them up as fast as they tire fire impregnated by the male secondly the herring family which includes the th shad another migratory species bui bul whose eggs egge are left uncovered to drift in comparatively still fresh catl water er and thirdly the perch family which I 1 includes D the black bass which deposit their eggs in a mass kept together by a mucous or gelatinous substance sub stance stanca which Is a exuded with them the latter cannot be batched hatched artificially the mode of manipulating either fish nab or spawn not eving having tving been discovered and it is only wa with the two firt classes that the fish culau rise has hag auy anything thing to do at present and these thebe dimmer differ wholly in their methods of incubation if that word can be used in default of a batter the expense aud and trouble of the ar ti facial of havare are lebs lebb iban than of salmon and it ib is therefore wor thy of extensive ethe shad being a delicious nish fish though not equal to the magnificent salmon but there f is somi bomi reason to fear that wemusa we must do without shad unless it is possible to cultivate itin it in the colorado and its tributaries tributa ries wt a that is a seagoing ses bes going nish fish and our inland a sea sem a is rather too salt palt for the finny ninny rac rao i B to mr beth soth green of Ro oneater new york yerk is due the credit of tile we discovery of the artificial culture of shad his bis in the theaon cob coh river in may 1857 aa a result of his hid labors the number of shad in that river became unprecedented alid und the market price fell two thirds and the wholesale price from eighteen dollars to three per pen hundred of the advantages of culture mr R says bays the relative fertility of I 1 be the water arld arid the land is altogether in favor of the wat water ar an acre of laid lahd aud and wilt wiit hilj pra duce corn enough to support a a buman human being but an acre of water will support several persona persona persons and could reali reail be made with proper aid to sustain giul the lives of many more voe the form former ett elt requires wor working klug king planting anti and harvest harvesting ing edg the latter merely requires harvesting and nd that where th the e nish fish are sufficiently abundant iq ij hardly labor at all while the yield from the land is reasonably large the profit is 18 exceedingly small the field must be e plowed an aud and d harrowed and the corn must be planted it must b plowed again and still again must mus be hoed and at last dast the ears vars must mut be stripped tripped husked bushed and ground what is the net result of this copf copl compared pared with the natural Iner increase dase of fish grown in abundance almost without effort nin fin finding ol 01 their lhoir own foo finally taen taken in beme seme 11 net et which does its fishing while its owner is ia sleeping 1 then the relative productiveness the ear of earn gro grown growa wa from a single kernel will more frequently fall below than rise above a thousand grains A shad lays say sixty thousand eggs of f which we have said fifteen thousand can be brou brought glit to maturity with the care and oversight or of man were e the farmer to strew his hii corn broadcast over sod and roch rock alike by the wayside and bd ori the stony a t ony any places and leave it to td come up with weeds and lares tares with out manure or attention he be would hardly expect a good crop and would find much troubie trouble in living 0 on 1 n th the d pro ceede no matter how much land h he owned and yet this is ia precisely what what we do with fish to judge by what has been effected it may be confidently asserted that tish nish culture to is yet to add a very large urge proportion to the wealth and resources of thes the world abo ali ail all to the riches of bf this cont continent luent ident at present our vast inkes are left until led some bome bt the smaller ponds and many streams I 1 in the older and more thickly settled d states have absolutely no edible fish in them and some no fish whatever the hook book the net the spear arand and the jaek jack night spearing hab hits annihilated the tho last one they te erred once onee with their natural al Inhabit inhabitants why cannot therbe they be made to do so again Thed the evidence vf of our own and aud otner other countries clearly prove they can 1 I i IV C i |
