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Show ) '- - tj?- U) and Down llie Stroel - S.L. Produces By Robert H. Woody Tribune Business Editor In the plastic tray, they appear as small golden flecks. Under a microscope, they look like some sort of A. .'.' ,. - V , o ,J. V V'i , si, vi $ ' '. ) 3 rninxmm 'feiiSssH - micro-organis- with delicately scribed lines on their black shells from which protrude a dozen of stubby golden legs. But these are not the product of nature. They are Mr. Woody by an ingenious metal oxide silicon technology. They are transistors. And they are being built to function as part of the sensory nervous system for spacecraft. man-mad- e The n technology is the work of the Salt Lake plant of General Instruments Corp., of Newark, N.J. It is headed by Dr. Leland J. Seely, who took his doctorate in physics from the University of Utah in 1962. It was Dr. Seely and colleague Dr. Frank Wanless, also from the University of Utah, who broached General InstruMOS ments with potontialties of technology three years ago. Their persuasion, and a substantial assist from Utah's Industrial Promotion Board, brought General Instruments to Salt Lake City a year and a half ago on a tentative basis. They opened with a staff of 12 in a former pharmaceutical factory and warehouse just off State Street at 2433 Tribune staff photos by Lynn R. Johnson This complex film transparency, being examined by Geri Bishop, is photographically reduced as pattern for etching circuits in wafer. South. They now have an employe force of 56 heavily weighted with brainpower. Staffers include three Ph.Ds and 13 masters-degre- e holders. The continuous miniaturization of electronic components is now an old Economy Faces Crucial Tesl in Next 4 Mouths In cs The patterns which form the basis of the complex circuitry are cut into plastic sheets about the size of a desk top. These patterns are reduced photographically to a size no larger than the head of a pin. Here, it is refreshing to know that creative improvisation dues not requite a large expenditure of money. G.I. staffers built the reduction camera using a lens borrowed from one of their mil Calif temperature colleague's cameras. (He is due to get his lens back when a a couple of weeks.) The circuitry is massed reproduced by photographic process in checkerboard fashion on a thin silicon wafer about the diameter of an tablet. the treatment, By photographed image becomes add resistant. The parts are then etched out by acid to become channels for conductive aluminum which is applied as vaporized inlay. These and like sequential steps build a complex logic device no bgger than the head of a pin. Dr. Seely notes, for example, that a pattern containing 500 circuits can be dunlicated 400 times on a diameter wafer. single l1, The ir.icronization of components is vital to space missions. Reason: The lighter the gadgttrv, the more information and operational devices that can be put into a single package. Job for N ASA - Finance Mines Markets o 135-m- in a space application, change would be perceived by the vehicle as an analog or magnitude value. The transmission cf analog values are subject to error. The transistors are part of a system to recast the values as digital far less subject to error. expressions A human equipped with digital responses would possibly give his brain a precise value of the hurt inflicted on his toe. General Instruments transistors also are being steered toward other uses. One of them is a Security Communications System. commuUnder this system voice-radinications are translated from among voltages to digital information. The digital information is scrambled to avoid interpretation by an unwanted interceptor. The authorized receiver gets the digital information and puts it back in proper order which is energized as sound waves almost precisely akin to that of the voice of the sender. All this is accomplished within a fraction of a second. 1, 1908 Sunday, September Section C Fage One Alka-Seltz- nt desk-top-siz- e A of & How does it woik? Digital values are expressed American business has entered the years final turn under a full head of steam, but a crucial test YORK terms Whatever, the digital values are lar more precise a measure of response than analog values which are expressions of in the Day homestretch. The economy faces a similar trial. Will the forces of fiscal and monetary restraint finally rein its inflationary post-Lah- thrust and expansion? ' The consumer holds the key to general business prospects, and the Federal Reserve System, more than any other factor, will control the course of the over-al- l economy through the degree of ease it permits in monetary conditions. At the moment, however, the underlying strength of the economy and the extent to which the fed should be pushing an easier-credi- t policy are under debate. These uncertainties, plus political developments and the nervous state of affairs in Czechoslovakia, distracted the attention of investors this, week and induced an indecisive performance by the stock market and an inconclusive interest-rat- e trend in the bond market. The markets are bewildered by a number of contradictory forces, said one Wall Street analyst. Another suggested that they had no technical or fundamental considerations to trigger any See Page C-- Column 1 in of sequinces of ones and zero.Anv parent who has agonized through an exposure to the new math at a PTA meeting has a vague idea of what they mean. Far More Precise Rv Thomas E. Mullaney N'ew York Times Writer looms But in measuring how bad the hurt, lie can only say Just a little bit or "A beck of a lot! story in the age of tiie computer. In some cases, miniaturization has been the handiwork of skilled craftsmen working under large magnifying gla-sor microscopes. In this case of manual work is entirely gone. The transistor is the result of a process in which photographic patterns become tiie basis of a sequence of chemical and thermal etching and veneering steps. Cut Into Plastic Sheets more precise camera is installed or General Instruments MOS work is part of a job it is doing for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Basically, a space vehicle must he nearly akin to a human organism in being able to interpret its environment and its own functioning. This includes temperature response, pressure sensing, measuring light intensity, responding to meteoric impact and a host of other stimuli, and the transistors become a part of translating information into digital values. Week in Finance NEW Micro-Transist- magnitude. If human experience can be taken as measure, the human thinks as he has been trained to in terms of magnitude. His old math, based on value of 10, has contributed to this system of response. He kicks his toe and the logic system tells him rapidly that its the left big toe. Marts Closed Labor Day NEW YORK (AP) - All U.S. securi- ties exchanges, commodity and livestock markets will be closed Monday, Labor Day. The Toronto and Montreal securities exclsanges and the Winnipeg grain market will be closed for the Canadian observance. The London Stock Exchange will be closed for th annual summer bank holidav. Mrs. Boland Williams holds wafer upon whicli about 400 micro-tra- n Plastic f YourOrder s Cut to Size Jost one phase of the many customer services available to you without additional charge. Complete technical advice, too. Please come in or call for information regarding the application of plastic products to your needs. sistors have been transferred. The components will be cut from wafer. 333 - " J $ A . s .y,v v.v s v.v v.- w; its ni v 5sX a .C- v .w , , '' ''v'-'srally constructed on face of silicon wafer at Salt Lake plant. ' Heat treatment is among steps in which tiny transistors are chemi- - yC x ... ''swa. W Plan Also Aiding Science than (AP) the Indian needs are and served change U.S. Food WASHINGTON huMore by being the United States through its program, which has helped distribute more than S17 billion in American farm products to needy countries since 1954. The intellectual and scientific quests of mankind also have shared in the vast aid program. Last year's projects, financed by foreign currencies collected as payments for the U.S. food, included : A balloon flight to study gamma radiation of unknown origin in outer space. manitarian the the study of between A Mediterranian biological interOcean the Suez through Canal. These are projects sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and paid for by funds accumulated in various countries under agveements. Tiie projects are listed in a White House report doicribing Food for Freedom operations in 1967. Total U.S. farm exports have been more than $6 billion a year recently, with more than SI billion credited to the aid program. SPECIAL 6,000-Gal- . Insulated Stain- less Steel Chemical Tank. Excellent for most chemicals with exception nitric or sulphuric acid. durable con'cal design for ease of unloading. 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