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Show i i t ! l I be A ;; ' - I Page 22 f t 'w . Salt Monday Morning literary. Notes ake Hfilmne Publisher Finds It Easy To Please a Publisher Monday Morning, April 6, 1964 I Brazil Still Faces Formidable Obstacles , i The military ouster of left leaning President Goulart, with the loss of about a dozen lives, forestalled a leftist dictatorship and perhaps an outright Communist takeover. But Brazils formidable fiscal, economic and social problems remain -- , Jt V k t unresolved. 4 , Only the sternest government action can stem the galloping inflation and save the country from disaster but it will be surprising if such action is taken in the coming uncertain months. , r T I THE MILITARY DUTIFULLY turned the presidency over to the official next in line of succession, Ranieri Mazzilli, pre- - I Meaningful Punishment City Judge Morris, in charge of traffic and police court, is to be commended on his system of offering traffic law violators a choice of work projects in lieu of jail sentences. Since January he has been giving offenders the opportunity of working around fire stations, the public library and traffic court premises. He is now proposing that some be assigned to the City Cemetery to assist in the annual spring cleanup. Offenders might well be assigned to other city work projects in parks, for instance, cleaning up playgrounds, or picking up debris scattered along the goad to the city dump. IT MAKES much more sense to have law violators do something constructive than sit in jail for a few days. Such punishment would be more meaningful, and would stimulate a better attitude toward law observance. Such alternatives in punishment often have been used by courts, and should be encouraged. They apply indeed beyond traffic law violators. Men found guilty of more serious law violations might be better sentenced to serve a number of weekends in jail than a stretch of perhaps 30 days. Weekend Incarceration would be a real penalty for many, yet the mans family would not have to suffer through loss of earnings. Courts have long been using probation as a rehabilitation alternative to incarceration, and prison authorities in Utah are now even considering letting some men out of prison to perform regular job duties during the daytime. The whole aim of these more enlightened judicial and penal policies is to build respect for the law. Experience proves this much better than merely putting the lawbreaker behind bars antf forgetting him until the time comes to unlock the door. . . and Tyler, Too. One hundred and years ago Saturday, President William Henry Harrison, 69, who had caught cold at his inauguration a month earlier, died gl pneumonia. Harrison, a war hero, was a Whig, but his vice president, John Tyler, chosen for n political expediency, was an Democrat. Dominated by Secretary of State Daniel Webster, the cabinet informed Tyler that according to considerable legal opinion he was only acting president and urged him to follow Harrisons custom of deciding issues by majority vote of the cabinet in which he himself would have only one vote. Tyler, the first vice president to succeed to the office of President, hel that he had become the President with all his rights and duties, an interpretation that has held in the succession of seven other vice presidents. Tyler served as President three years and 11 months (without any vice president, incidentally). It was a stormy tenure. Eventually every member of the cabinet resigned. All told, Tyler ran through five secretaries of war, three four "secretaries of the treasury, four secretaries of state, two l postmasters-generaand five secretaries of the Navy. Later, a resolution was filed in the House of Representatives seeking to Impeach Tyler, a strict constructionist. The resolution called him acting president only. The resolution was unsuccessful but Tler served only one term. Despite the hard lesson of the Tyler term, parties generally persist in paying insufficient attention to the qualifications of the vice president and the dangers of having no strong man third in the line of succession. anti-Jackso- I 4 President Johnson has already sent warm greetings to the provisional president, indicating no breach in relations, and plans are under way to resume economic aid if requirements for it are met Mazzilli has formed a new cabinet of His is only a caretaker government, although it may remain in office beyond the 30 days when congress is required by the constitution to fill the unexpired 20 months of Goularts term. Natives of a remote Pacific island would like to buy President Johnson to be their leader. Afraid well have to say no on that, but we might send them a catalogue of some possibilities we could spare. too well, e. A. S. Flaumenhalt, Wall Street Journal. The Utah book readers attention formerly was on The Naked Communist, and now The Naked Society" is high on the reading list Mazzilli, a colorless lawyer and a son of Italian Immigrants, was paradoxfaction of ically leader of the the Social Democratic Party, part of the coalition by which the leftist labor leader was elected president in 1960. Mazzilli served as acting president during the 1961 crisis when the military temporarily blocked Goularts succession to the presidency after the sudden resignation of the unpredictable Janio Quadros. Mazzilli also held the job temporarily in 1962 and 1963 during Goularts absences. He is what we call a,machlne politician with experience in the finance ministry, where talent certainly is needed, but he lacks political oomph and has little following. pro-Goul- THIS Carlos Lacerda,. governor Regardless. of who Is elected, measures stir the wrath of the Brazilian masses as well as the special interests. However, although the Brazilians have shown again they have little use for the Communist approach, the future of the country depends on the ability of its leadership to achieve gradually many of the reforms Goulart promised in a hurry. BRAZILIANS LIKE TO say they are too civilized for shooting revolutions and nature contheir otherwise tributes to chaotic, irresponsible governments and failure to utilize the countrys vast raw material treasure trove. The inamounts of printed jection of paper currency into the economy by a succession of regimes has made Brazil a haven for speculators. Incredibly large fortunes are made by a relatively few sharp operators In such urban centers as Sao Paulo, and meantime poverty abounds and 20 million peasants in the rural northeast are chronically hungry. Fiscal and other reforms have failed repeatedly because so many Brazilians either benefit from conditions as they are or are victims of the myth that regardless of inflations, depressions, illiteracy, irrational leaders or anything else, their country is destined for grandeur and ever-larg- er w'orld power. Potomac Fever By Fletcher Knebel WASHINGTON Businessmen say the economy is soaring. Democrats claim LBJ stands for Lyndon Boom Johnson. Republican insiders say the nominee will be Gov. Scranton of Pennsylvania. Hes even been endorsed by Eisenhower and no other governor between New York and Ohio can make that claim. The Pentagon joins the LBJ economy crusade by turning off lights at night. One things sure. No nation can challenge us as the world's No. 1 candle power. Scientists urge atomic power to turn sea water into fresh water. A more troublesome immediate problem, say Republicans, is what to do about hot and cold running Goldwater. Educators contend American colleges dont teach enough about Asia, Africa and Latin America. Whereas foreign students learn all about America in freshman English and sophomore embassy-stoning. After changing airlines -- at one of the expansive new airports, Our Man Alfred concluded that the airplane has succeeded in undoing much of the evil of the automobile it has put people back on their feet EVEN IF. you do catch a ride on one of those cars from waiting room to concourse, you still have to make the trip on foot to the parking lot or taxi stand. side-sadd- Richard Wilson Fulbrights Thesis Lacks Positiveness a WASHINGTON Sen. Ful- brights speech reflects the dis- quiet among those inside and outside the government who are trying to shape or influence American foreign policy. They are trying to find and rationalize some new and calmer line of policy in a very confused and contradictory s i t u a t ion. What confounds them is that a strong case can be made that in international affairs we have lost ground since 1960: The Berlin Wall, the Russian base in Cuba, the trouble with France, the trouble in Panama, the setback in Viet Nam, the weakening world Influence of Americas voice. Bat there is a brighter side. In a degree, Russian attitudes have softened, for how long no one knows. But we do not feel, and the world does not feel, that we stand any longer on the brink of the precipice. And, in any case, we are not worried about our strength compared to the Russians; we are far more confident and composed. Divisions in the Communist world have become more apparent and more significant A more stable condition, even though with its seamy side, seems to exist. What has been described above represents opposing views on the present American position. Those who think and write, speak and act are trying to sort out the conflicts and find a new policy. Sen. Fulbrights contribution has been to strip away some myths and delusions about our position so that there can be a more realistic discussion of what we are to do about it though the senator does not" offer much of a positive nature. But he has, as a leading Democrat and chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, recognized, in effect, certain facts. THE NET of it in Cuba is that we have blundered and have found no practical way to correct our errors; we have fumbled in Panama and probably will have to move soon to change conditions for operation and control of the Panama Canal ; sooner than we expect or hope, we have to adjust to the rising position of Communist China. It is very easy to write this off as appeasement, and indeed there is an element of appeasement involved. But it must be recognized at the same time that Sen. Fulbright is doing no more than defining conditions which people know to exist. We are moving in some of the directions be indicates. well-inform- ( 4 t The Chase BUT THERE is no sign that the general attitude expressed by Fulbright is going to prevail. Quite to the contrary. President Johnson has now committed himself to victory in Viet Nam, long, hard and expensive process which may yet directly involve major American military forces if it is to be successful. No neutralization. No appeasement In fact, the fight is placed in a broader frame as a critical test case of Communist Chinas new strategy to dominate all southeast Asia. The Cuban matter still rankles deeply. However disappointing the attempts to cope with it however little our allies will cooperate, and however illogical our position may seem to them or to Fulbright and George Kennan, it will be hard to divert for long any president from trying to find a way to get rid of Castro. Nor will any president drawing on the lessons of history, be likely to find any comfort, in temporary Russian reasonableness, nor in appeasement as a safe policy. THESE FACTORS cannot be classified by Sen. Fulbright as myths. What should be better understood is that Fulbright is not criticizing Johnson policy, he is aiming at a continuum of policy through five presidents on the premise that a new condition in the world has suddenly been discovered. This is an old story. A senator, a philosopher, a political critic can cleverly analyze and define. He can attract attention and praise for doing so, and satisfy his own ego. Maybe in the future he can point out that he was right, at least in some degree. But when faced, as President Kennedy was and President Johnson is, with what are called options in todays foreign policy lingo, it is a different matter, as so many presidents have found once they got into the White House. Whether Republican or Democrat, the choice they usually make is to try, by whatever action or attitude seems best in the circumstances, to stop the outward thrust of communism with the recognition that this may mean we will be forced into war. The rest can be left for learned discussions in the Senate and articles In Foreign Affairs Quarterly, all of which serve a useful and interesting purpose. Meantime, it does not seem likely that the Johnson Administration will be diverted by the new semantics from the major premise of American foreign policy for the past 20 years, direct and indirect opposition to the expansion of worldwide communism. The Public Forum By Our Readers What of Crickets? Editor, Tribune: I wonder if we slaughter His pigeons if He will hear our prayers the next time the crickets strike. DONISHAM la This a Cut? Editor, Tribune: As a single e man, my pay for 1963 was $4,640, this was from a taxable income of 56,000. The new tax law will, in 1965, e increase my pay to $4,870, or an increase of $230 dollars per year. This is an increase of less than 5 per cent. A single man whose taxable income is $300,000 has had his e pay more than doubled under the 1965 law. e His pay was $52,-18- 0 in 1963. Under the new law he will get an increase of $52,330, bringing his take-hom-e pay to $104,510. This is an increase of more than 100 per cent Average Income people got Increases of about five per cent of their former take-hom- e pay, or increases - of two, three, and four hundred dollars per year, while those in the upper brackets got increases by the thousands of dollars. I believe that middle and low income groups got a tax cut only to distract us from what was happening in .the upper brackets, into which, no doubt, our bipartisan tax cutters fit. Since government expenditures were not cut in order to gain this tax cut, average income people can expect to pick up the tab for future deficit spending, through inflation, a new tax, or some other take-hom- take-hom- take-hom- take-hom- method, rendering our tax cut loss and not a gain. JAMES W. BROUGH a Support Humane Bill Editor, Tribune: Over year ago I wrote Senator a Ben- nett urging him to support the Randall bill, which would an independent agency for protection of laboratory animals. He replied, saying he would do nothing to help research animals as he believed none of the reported cruelties were true. A prominent doctor here told me that cruelty to research animals is a fact and he hopes that with legislation t h e unnecessary suffering will be corrected. In fact, this doctor feels so deeply, that while in medical school he purchased -- his research dog rather than leave him for the next student who quite possibly would not give a hoot about prevailing conditions. The March issue of The Humane Society News from establish enterprise. Paul Bailey of Los Angeles, a native of American Fork, Utah, is both n successful writer and book publisher. The proprietor of Western-lor- e Press has put out some of his own books but he also writes for other publishers. IN THE wake of his lively, human biography of family and a community, Grandpa Was a Polygamist, published by Westernlore several years ago, Mr. Bailey was persuaded by Doubleday to use authentic Utah history as a frame for a novel. The result, For Time and All Eternity" is a readable epic, woven around the horrendous years of the Edmunds-TuckAct and its enforcement in the late 1870s. For Time and All Eternity" has been off the press only a few weeks but Doubleday Book Club has made it its July selection and it is the alternate selection of the Literary Guild. This means the sale of some 200,000 extra copies, which is a heartwarming prospect for any writer. A professional humorist advises amateur Jokesters that while they can get away with funny stuff about motherhood and the flag, they better not kid' J. Edgar Hoover or women drivers. Stymied -Experience has given man a hint. When we are wise enough to scan fine print, Our eyes cant read it. Charles S. Adelman, Chicago Tribune Will the government pay people for not being poor in the new proanti-pover- gram? Everybody knows that the husband is the head of the house and that pedestrians have the right of way, But just try to prove it Neat Trim dispatch from London says the British Hairdressers Association has decided to charge customers double who go more than four weeks between haircuts. No mention is made of the d Beatles, but obviously they inspired such 1 drastic measure which, you can bet, will be adopted on this side of the Atlantic. A mop-heade- THE COST of a haircut in London now ranges from 49 to 63 cents, compared with $1.50 to $2 in Salt Lake City and $2 on up in some larger American cities. The British barbers didnt say how they could determine whether a customer had gone four full weeks without a haircut or merely three and f. one-hal- Nor Is there any Indication they will trim the price if the customer has his hair trimmed every week or two weeks or has nothing much to trim. If the barbers keep pushthey may give the mother of invention a big assist. ing p Nancy Scott, Heroine professional writers, Most Interpolations MR. BAILEY, called by the Chicago Tribune book department one of the great writers of the West, is currently working on a couple of other books, one a novel and the other a historical tome in addition to handling his publishing duties. Asked if the town of Ammon in "For Time and All Eternity is American Fork, the locale of Mr. Grandpa, Bailey replied in the negative. It is a composite Utah counhe said.' And ty community, Joel Scott, main character of the novel is definitely not Grandpa of the earlier and more hilarious book. IN THE main, For Tune . . . is about the courage and indomitablity of Nancy Scott, first wife of a zealot who embraced the principle and eventually had to move his two families, because of harassment of the feds, to Manassa, Qolo., and Beulah, N.M. Nancy and her family spent a nightmarish winter in the latter primitive village, which actually existed. There she had to choose between love and the welfare of her family. Mr. Bailey, who knows his Utah history, deals with a delicate subject candidly and E. H. Linford honestly. Soapcr Says Some of the thrill of the archaeologist is enjoyed by any man who reconstructs the familys history by going through the bottles, pill boxes and tubes in the medicine chest Congressman Sludgepumps every utterance is anxiously read by the presidential hopefuls who are afraid he will endorse them. The trend toward wider hat brims is appreciated by men who may, on occasion, have to smoke a cigar in the rain. LBJ-inspire- d The Army says it isnt planning on using a new death ray gun. Theres no point in turning an excellent feature story Into a mediocre weapon. Maybe its only an optical illusion, but it's our impression that the restaurants with the lowest ceilings hav the tallest pepper grinders. By Interlondi Washington, D.C., shows pictures of laboratory animals dead, emaciated, overcrowd- ed, neglected after surgery, those left with no water or food. If only the public had real knowledge of what actually goes on, what a cry would be heard across this nation. I urge the public to write their congressmen requesting a public hearing on laboratory legislation and' most important, ask for support of the Randall bilL H.R. 4856, and the identical bill Introduced by Rep. Claude Pepper, H.R. 8077. MARY BROWN BARLOW f k. tired of the caprice, greed or coldness of publishers, wish at times they had their own er By the way, whatever happened to privacy? of manded. doesnt necessarily mean that either communism or nudity are gaining on us, but snooping and spying devices are. A STRONG CONTENDER for the presidency in next years election is Guanabara state, which consists almost entirely of Rio de Janeiro. Lacerda was one of three governors of the powerful and populous southeastern states who masterminded the revolt. . Though friendly to the U.S., Lacerda advocated cutting off North American aid to the Goulart regime long before it occurred, and he was able to get assistance for his model state despite efforts of Goulart to block it. Juscelino Kubitschek, 61, president from 1956 to 1961 is the leading liberal candidate, likely to win the liberal support that the bungling Goulart once com- illiteracy Drive The fastest growing pro, gram , Of instruction in the nation," According to a news report, Is driver education," Though Johnny cant read The lad can surely drive; Maybe thats why he's going sixty Where the sign says thirty-fiv- Regular elections are scheduled for October, 1965. easy-goin- g twenty-thre- e J siding officer of the lower house of congress.' This smoothed the wray for orderly resumption of government and quick international recognition of the new regime. How disappointing I was under the impression Goldwateri candidacy had finally gotten students interested in politics!" -- |